US20140334526A1 - Temperature-sensitive label - Google Patents
Temperature-sensitive label Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20140334526A1 US20140334526A1 US14/366,157 US201314366157A US2014334526A1 US 20140334526 A1 US20140334526 A1 US 20140334526A1 US 201314366157 A US201314366157 A US 201314366157A US 2014334526 A1 US2014334526 A1 US 2014334526A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- sensitive
- shape memory
- sensitive label
- label according
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K3/00—Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature
- G01K3/005—Circuits arrangements for indicating a predetermined temperature
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/02—Means for indicating or recording specially adapted for thermometers
- G01K1/024—Means for indicating or recording specially adapted for thermometers for remote indication
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K5/00—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material
- G01K5/48—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid
- G01K5/483—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid using materials with a configuration memory, e.g. Ni-Ti alloys
Definitions
- the present invention relates, in a first aspect thereof, to a temperature-sensitive label capable of indicating whether the item on which it is applied was exposed, even only for a short period of time, to a temperature below a minimum temperature threshold.
- Medicines with particular reference to those packaged in bottles, are generally stored in boxes which in turn are gathered in groups, for example on pallets. These pallets are usually transported from the manufacturing site to the distribution center located in the destination area, where the pallet is divided into the various boxes or single bottles so as to allow the delivery to the client, in this specific case for example hospitals, pharmacies, etc.
- each bottle is controlled as to the risk of exposure to undesired temperatures.
- a temperature below a minimum temperature threshold same as a maximum temperature not to be exceeded during their whole commercial life, in that a freezing thereof would however have undesired effects on their therapeutical capacity.
- the typical suitable range for the storage of said products is in fact considered to be between the temperatures of 2° C. and 8° C.
- This problem of controlling the temperature during the storage and transport of the products is not however limited to the pharmaceutical field.
- Other fields interested in that can be, for example, food, biotechnologies, botanics, chemistry.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,114,559 disclosed a device that allows the monitoring of the exposure to temperatures above the desired temperature. Its operation is based on a bendable member made from a shape memory alloy, selected among those known in the field also as SMA (from Shape Memory Alloy), that acts as a member capable of responding to temperature. Said SMA member is in its martensitic phase at ambient temperature and acts as a mobile member for displaying the exposure to temperatures above the desired temperature as consequence of its transition to the austenitic phase.
- SMA Shape Memory Alloy
- one of the proposed embodiments provides the use of a spring as bias member with consequent limitations in terms of miniaturisation of the system, whereas the second embodiment presents a system for moving the visual display member that would not be suitable, without substantial modifications, to be put into communication with a control microprocessor suitable for remote monitoring.
- the Italian Patent Application MI2011A000499 in the applicant's name discloses a temperature-sensitive label capable of visually displaying the exposure to temperatures below a threshold temperature T c set as critical and that can optionally be integrated with remote monitoring systems. It consists of a label comprising at least one temperature-sensitive system made up of a filiform shape memory member restrained to a filiform bias member provided with a seat preferably formed by bending back the filiform bias member, one of the ends of the filiform shape memory member being introduced in said seat in such a way that in case of exposure to a temperature lower than the critical threshold temperature T c the shape memory member performs a phase transition, from austenitic phase to martensitic phase, which reduces its strength and causes its irreversible disengagement from the restraint.
- This temperature-sensitive label is affected by the limits related to coupling two filiform elements (the SMA wire and the filiform bias element) and in particular by the possibility of undesired decoupling also as a consequence of extraordinary mechanical stress that could occur during the transport.
- the present invention allows to overcome the limits of the prior art to obtain temperature-sensitive labels capable of visually and reproducibly displaying the exposure to temperatures below a threshold temperature T c set as critical and that can optionally be integrated with remote monitoring systems.
- the invention consists of a label comprising at least one temperature-sensitive system made up of a bent shape memory filiform member (i.e. a curved SMA wire), said filiform member having a first end portion consisting of a linear portion fixedly secured to a first contact member, a second end portion consisting of another linear portion restrained by a second contact member and a central curved portion between said first and second end portions, said shape memory filiform member being further characterized by the fact that its central curved portion is in the martensitic phase whereas the linear portions corresponding to the first and second ends are in the austenitic phase.
- a bent shape memory filiform member i.e. a curved SMA wire
- labels will be explicitly described which include only one temperature-sensitive system comprising a shape memory member and two contact members as respective end restraints, yet it is clear that what is being said is also applicable to labels including a greater number of temperature-sensitive systems that therefore allow to perform an alert function not only with respect to a single minimum threshold critical temperature, but with respect to more different temperatures that can be critical depending on the specificity of the product to be monitored on which the label is applied.
- FIG. 1 a depicts in a schematic way the temperature-sensitive system consisting of a bent shape memory member at room temperature
- FIG. 1 b depicts in a schematic way the temperature-sensitive system of FIG. 1 a after exposure to a temperature below the critical temperature to be monitored.
- the invention essentially consists of a temperature-sensitive system 10 comprising a bent shape memory filiform member 1 , preferably a SMA wire, restrained to two contact members 2 , 3 .
- the filiform member 1 is fixedly connected to a first contact member 2 whereas the connection to the second contact member 3 is not permanent.
- Both contact members 2 and 3 can be optionally coupled with electrical contacts (respectively 4 and 5 ) suitable to connect the temperature-sensitive system to an electrical or electronic circuit allowing the remote temperature monitoring.
- the shape memory filiform member 1 is not entirely in the same transitional phase: a first linear end portion f 1 lying along a first direction A and a second linear end portion f 2 lying along a second direction B are in the austenitic phase, whereas a central curved portion f 3 connecting said first portion f 1 with said second portion f 2 is in the martensitic phase (“lying along” means that portions f 1 , f 2 are substantially straight, i.e. they do not form at any point an angle greater than 10° with direction A, B respectively).
- the coexistence of both possible transitional phases in the same filiform member 1 is the key feature enabling a correct operation of the temperature-sensitive system according to the present invention.
- the linear end portions f 1 , f 2 of the shape memory member 1 when exposed to a temperature below the critical threshold temperature T c , even temporarily, the linear end portions f 1 , f 2 of the shape memory member 1 , originally in the austenitic phase, go to the martensitic phase and, as a consequence, their resistance decreases causing the disengagement of portion f 2 from the restraint with the contact member 3 .
- the filiform member 1 is therefore free to irreversibly take its final position which resides in the absence of contact with the second contact member 3 , i.e. a different spatial arrangement thereof.
- the coexistence of two transitional phases can be obtained during the manufacturing process of the temperature-sensitive system starting from a shape memory wire completely in the austenitic phase: the transition to the martensitic phase can be induced by a localized bending at its predefined central portion, i.e. as an effect of a stress-strain deformation. On the contrary, the austenitic phase is maintained in the end portions of the wire not directly affected by the bending.
- the shape memory member 1 is made of a SMA selected among common shape memory alloys, among which particularly preferred are the nickel- and titanium-based alloys commonly known as Nitinol.
- a SMA selected among common shape memory alloys, among which particularly preferred are the nickel- and titanium-based alloys commonly known as Nitinol.
- wires with a length between 1 and 100 mm, most preferably between 2 and 50 mm, and a diameter preferably comprised between 15 and 1000 ⁇ m.
- the length of the curved portion f 3 of the SMA wire 1 used in the present invention is comprised between 1 and 40% with respect to the overall length of the SMA wire, most preferably between 1 and 30%.
- the angle a between direction A and direction B, respectively corresponding to the first and second linear portions f 1 and f 2 of the filiform element 1 is smaller than 130°.
- the label according to the invention can be easily integrated with RFID systems when the SMA member 1 and the contact members 2 , 3 are made of an electrically conductive material such that they can be coupled to electrical connections 4 and 5 .
- These electrical connections 4 , 5 reach the periphery of the label where they can be used as electrical contacts to close a branch of an electric circuit connected for example to the RFID system, providing a signal that can be managed and interpreted by an integrated microcircuit (microchip).
- the microcircuit In the safety state, i.e. as long as the temperature remains above the critical threshold T c , the microcircuit is characterized by the electrical closure of the circuit branch comprising the SMA member. On the contrary, whenever an exposure to a temperature below said threshold should occur, this circuit will open providing in real time the information about the alert state to the microcircuit to which said electrical branch is connected.
- the electrical contacts arranged in the peripheral region of the label coupled with the integrated microcircuit can be made of a conductive material different from that making up the SMA member and/or the contact members, allowing to achieve said integration through conventional techniques useful for the purpose, such as for example welding or crimping.
- the monitoring label can contain more than one temperature sensitive system similar to that shown in FIGS. 1 a and 1 b, wherein each system allows the monitoring of a different critical temperature not to be exceeded.
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates, in a first aspect thereof, to a temperature-sensitive label capable of indicating whether the item on which it is applied was exposed, even only for a short period of time, to a temperature below a minimum temperature threshold.
- In the pharmaceutical field there is the known need of a constant and precise monitoring of the storage and transport conditions of medicines, which allows to guarantee that they are not modified in their chemical and physical characteristics and are therefore capable of preserving their functional properties and can not provoke possible undesired side effects when performing their therapeutical activity.
- Medicines, with particular reference to those packaged in bottles, are generally stored in boxes which in turn are gathered in groups, for example on pallets. These pallets are usually transported from the manufacturing site to the distribution center located in the destination area, where the pallet is divided into the various boxes or single bottles so as to allow the delivery to the client, in this specific case for example hospitals, pharmacies, etc.
- It is therefore particularly important that each bottle is controlled as to the risk of exposure to undesired temperatures. For many medicines it is fundamental that they are not exposed to a temperature below a minimum temperature threshold, same as a maximum temperature not to be exceeded during their whole commercial life, in that a freezing thereof would however have undesired effects on their therapeutical capacity. The typical suitable range for the storage of said products is in fact considered to be between the temperatures of 2° C. and 8° C.
- This problem of controlling the temperature during the storage and transport of the products is not however limited to the pharmaceutical field. Other fields interested in that can be, for example, food, biotechnologies, botanics, chemistry.
- Although various technical solutions have already been developed to monitor the temperature of these kind of substance or materials, they are essentially focused on the indication of the exceeding of a maximum temperature threshold in an effective and timely manner. Conversely, the effective control of minimum temperature threshold has not yet been adequately solved.
- It is of particular interest to find a solution suitable for application on single items, even of small size, without particular limitations caused by the shape of the item whose temperature is to be monitored. In other words, the problem could be effectively solved by developing a sensitive member in the form of a label, i.e. a member of small bulkiness as well as adaptable to various surfaces, possibly also not flat, of the item on which it will be applied.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,114,559 disclosed a device that allows the monitoring of the exposure to temperatures above the desired temperature. Its operation is based on a bendable member made from a shape memory alloy, selected among those known in the field also as SMA (from Shape Memory Alloy), that acts as a member capable of responding to temperature. Said SMA member is in its martensitic phase at ambient temperature and acts as a mobile member for displaying the exposure to temperatures above the desired temperature as consequence of its transition to the austenitic phase.
- A different solution is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,837,620 showing a sensor suitable to indicate the exposure, even temporarily, to temperatures below a preset critical temperature. It exploits the transition from the austenitic phase to the martensitic phase of a SMA wire associated with a bias, that can be either a spring or another resilient member. Said resilient member, which is the bias applied to the SMA wire, is also described as being capable of assuring the non-return of the sensitive member to its starting position, thus allowing to maintain the indication of the occurrence of the undesired event even when the temperature has returned to acceptable values.
- However also in this case there are disclosed solutions that are difficult to adapt to configurations of the “label” type and, especially, unsuitable in view of a large scale use. In fact, one of the proposed embodiments provides the use of a spring as bias member with consequent limitations in terms of miniaturisation of the system, whereas the second embodiment presents a system for moving the visual display member that would not be suitable, without substantial modifications, to be put into communication with a control microprocessor suitable for remote monitoring.
- The Italian Patent Application MI2011A000499 in the applicant's name discloses a temperature-sensitive label capable of visually displaying the exposure to temperatures below a threshold temperature Tc set as critical and that can optionally be integrated with remote monitoring systems. It consists of a label comprising at least one temperature-sensitive system made up of a filiform shape memory member restrained to a filiform bias member provided with a seat preferably formed by bending back the filiform bias member, one of the ends of the filiform shape memory member being introduced in said seat in such a way that in case of exposure to a temperature lower than the critical threshold temperature Tc the shape memory member performs a phase transition, from austenitic phase to martensitic phase, which reduces its strength and causes its irreversible disengagement from the restraint. This temperature-sensitive label, anyway, is affected by the limits related to coupling two filiform elements (the SMA wire and the filiform bias element) and in particular by the possibility of undesired decoupling also as a consequence of extraordinary mechanical stress that could occur during the transport.
- The present invention allows to overcome the limits of the prior art to obtain temperature-sensitive labels capable of visually and reproducibly displaying the exposure to temperatures below a threshold temperature Tc set as critical and that can optionally be integrated with remote monitoring systems.
- In order to achieve said object the invention consists of a label comprising at least one temperature-sensitive system made up of a bent shape memory filiform member (i.e. a curved SMA wire), said filiform member having a first end portion consisting of a linear portion fixedly secured to a first contact member, a second end portion consisting of another linear portion restrained by a second contact member and a central curved portion between said first and second end portions, said shape memory filiform member being further characterized by the fact that its central curved portion is in the martensitic phase whereas the linear portions corresponding to the first and second ends are in the austenitic phase.
- In the following, labels will be explicitly described which include only one temperature-sensitive system comprising a shape memory member and two contact members as respective end restraints, yet it is clear that what is being said is also applicable to labels including a greater number of temperature-sensitive systems that therefore allow to perform an alert function not only with respect to a single minimum threshold critical temperature, but with respect to more different temperatures that can be critical depending on the specificity of the product to be monitored on which the label is applied.
- The invention will be described in detail hereafter through a general embodiment thereof, provided as non-limiting example, with reference to the following figures:
-
FIG. 1 a depicts in a schematic way the temperature-sensitive system consisting of a bent shape memory member at room temperature -
FIG. 1 b depicts in a schematic way the temperature-sensitive system ofFIG. 1 a after exposure to a temperature below the critical temperature to be monitored. - Referring to said figures, there is seen that the invention essentially consists of a temperature-
sensitive system 10 comprising a bent shapememory filiform member 1, preferably a SMA wire, restrained to twocontact members filiform member 1 is fixedly connected to afirst contact member 2 whereas the connection to thesecond contact member 3 is not permanent. Bothcontact members - Differently from the solutions described in the prior art or available in the market, the shape
memory filiform member 1 is not entirely in the same transitional phase: a first linear end portion f1 lying along a first direction A and a second linear end portion f2 lying along a second direction B are in the austenitic phase, whereas a central curved portion f3 connecting said first portion f1 with said second portion f2 is in the martensitic phase (“lying along” means that portions f1, f2 are substantially straight, i.e. they do not form at any point an angle greater than 10° with direction A, B respectively). The coexistence of both possible transitional phases in thesame filiform member 1 is the key feature enabling a correct operation of the temperature-sensitive system according to the present invention. - The contact restraint between
members FIG. 1 a. - As shown in
FIG. 1 b, when exposed to a temperature below the critical threshold temperature Tc, even temporarily, the linear end portions f1, f2 of theshape memory member 1, originally in the austenitic phase, go to the martensitic phase and, as a consequence, their resistance decreases causing the disengagement of portion f2 from the restraint with thecontact member 3. Thefiliform member 1 is therefore free to irreversibly take its final position which resides in the absence of contact with thesecond contact member 3, i.e. a different spatial arrangement thereof. - The coexistence of two transitional phases can be obtained during the manufacturing process of the temperature-sensitive system starting from a shape memory wire completely in the austenitic phase: the transition to the martensitic phase can be induced by a localized bending at its predefined central portion, i.e. as an effect of a stress-strain deformation. On the contrary, the austenitic phase is maintained in the end portions of the wire not directly affected by the bending.
- The invention provides, in its preferred embodiment, that the
shape memory member 1 is made of a SMA selected among common shape memory alloys, among which particularly preferred are the nickel- and titanium-based alloys commonly known as Nitinol. As to the dimensional characteristics, it is preferred to use wires with a length between 1 and 100 mm, most preferably between 2 and 50 mm, and a diameter preferably comprised between 15 and 1000 μm. - In its preferred embodiment, the length of the curved portion f3 of the
SMA wire 1 used in the present invention is comprised between 1 and 40% with respect to the overall length of the SMA wire, most preferably between 1 and 30%. - Furthermore, it is preferred that the angle a between direction A and direction B, respectively corresponding to the first and second linear portions f1 and f2 of the
filiform element 1, is smaller than 130°. - Optionally the label containing the temperature-sensitive system of the present invention is designed so as to provide an optical flag
- Moreover, most of the goods distribution system bases its efficiency on the use of devices capable of monitoring the product to be moved during its whole life and, if possible, in real time and from remote. Such a monitoring, in general, is based on the use of radio-frequency devices applicable on different items, commonly known in the field as RFID labels (from Radio Frequency IDentification). It is therefore particularly advantageous that the solution for monitoring a possible minimum temperature threshold could be integrated with this type of system, i.e. the disengagement condition between
filiform member 1 andcontact member 3 is not only visible, for example through a transparent window or an optical flag, but also monitored by an RFID system. - The label according to the invention can be easily integrated with RFID systems when the
SMA member 1 and thecontact members electrical connections electrical connections - In the safety state, i.e. as long as the temperature remains above the critical threshold Tc, the microcircuit is characterized by the electrical closure of the circuit branch comprising the SMA member. On the contrary, whenever an exposure to a temperature below said threshold should occur, this circuit will open providing in real time the information about the alert state to the microcircuit to which said electrical branch is connected.
- It should be noted that the electrical contacts arranged in the peripheral region of the label coupled with the integrated microcircuit can be made of a conductive material different from that making up the SMA member and/or the contact members, allowing to achieve said integration through conventional techniques useful for the purpose, such as for example welding or crimping.
- In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring label can contain more than one temperature sensitive system similar to that shown in
FIGS. 1 a and 1 b, wherein each system allows the monitoring of a different critical temperature not to be exceeded.
Claims (9)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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ITMI2012A000273 | 2012-02-24 | ||
ITMI12A0273 | 2012-02-24 | ||
IT000273A ITMI20120273A1 (en) | 2012-02-24 | 2012-02-24 | THERMOSENSITIVE LABEL |
PCT/IB2013/051372 WO2013124796A1 (en) | 2012-02-24 | 2013-02-20 | Temperature-sensitive label |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20140334526A1 true US20140334526A1 (en) | 2014-11-13 |
US8899829B1 US8899829B1 (en) | 2014-12-02 |
Family
ID=45999940
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/366,157 Active US8899829B1 (en) | 2012-02-24 | 2013-02-20 | Temperature-sensitive label |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8899829B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2776803B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5973593B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20140126303A (en) |
CN (1) | CN104067096B (en) |
IT (1) | ITMI20120273A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013124796A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
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---|---|---|---|---|
US20180217006A1 (en) * | 2017-02-02 | 2018-08-02 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Device for detecting temperature and electronic device having the same |
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CN103824513B (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2017-09-26 | 深圳九星印刷包装集团有限公司 | A kind of temperature becomes vaccine label and preparation method thereof |
US10546172B2 (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2020-01-28 | Temptime Corporation | Two dimensional barcode with dynamic environmental data system, method, and apparatus |
CN113887265A (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2022-01-04 | 泰坦公司 | Two-dimensional bar code with dynamic environment data system, method and apparatus |
US10095972B2 (en) | 2016-03-01 | 2018-10-09 | Temptime Corporation | Switchable RFID antennas responsive to an environmental sensor |
CN108962002B (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2023-10-13 | 神通科技集团股份有限公司 | Multifunctional engine label |
CN111551269B (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2021-09-10 | 浙江大学 | Structural health monitoring system based on shape memory polymer |
CN112381199B (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2024-03-22 | 上海中卡智能卡有限公司 | Disposable passive RFID tag for temperature detection |
US11913845B2 (en) | 2021-02-25 | 2024-02-27 | Temptime Corporation | Tunable capacitance-based temperature sensor |
US11734539B2 (en) | 2021-04-05 | 2023-08-22 | Temptime Corporation | Dynamic optical property windows in indicia with sensors |
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- 2013-02-20 CN CN201380006316.5A patent/CN104067096B/en active Active
- 2013-02-20 KR KR1020147020320A patent/KR20140126303A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2013-02-20 JP JP2014558241A patent/JP5973593B2/en active Active
- 2013-02-20 US US14/366,157 patent/US8899829B1/en active Active
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US20180217006A1 (en) * | 2017-02-02 | 2018-08-02 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Device for detecting temperature and electronic device having the same |
US10809135B2 (en) * | 2017-02-02 | 2020-10-20 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Device for detecting temperature and electronic device having the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2013124796A1 (en) | 2013-08-29 |
KR20140126303A (en) | 2014-10-30 |
ITMI20120273A1 (en) | 2013-08-25 |
JP5973593B2 (en) | 2016-08-23 |
EP2776803A1 (en) | 2014-09-17 |
CN104067096B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
US8899829B1 (en) | 2014-12-02 |
JP2015510596A (en) | 2015-04-09 |
EP2776803B1 (en) | 2015-07-08 |
CN104067096A (en) | 2014-09-24 |
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