US20050049706A1 - Radiolucent spinal fusion cage - Google Patents
Radiolucent spinal fusion cage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20050049706A1 US20050049706A1 US10/941,620 US94162004A US2005049706A1 US 20050049706 A1 US20050049706 A1 US 20050049706A1 US 94162004 A US94162004 A US 94162004A US 2005049706 A1 US2005049706 A1 US 2005049706A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- spinal fusion
- fusion cage
- substrate block
- region
- bone
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/36—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix
- A61L27/38—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix containing added animal cells
- A61L27/3804—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix containing added animal cells characterised by specific cells or progenitors thereof, e.g. fibroblasts, connective tissue cells, kidney cells
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
- A61F2/4455—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages
- A61F2/446—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages having a circular or elliptical cross-section substantially parallel to the axis of the spine, e.g. cylinders or frustocones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
- A61F2/4455—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages
- A61F2/447—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages substantially parallelepipedal, e.g. having a rectangular or trapezoidal cross-section
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
- A61F2/4603—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
- A61F2/4611—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof of spinal prostheses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/02—Inorganic materials
- A61L27/10—Ceramics or glasses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/28—Materials for coating prostheses
- A61L27/30—Inorganic materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/28—Materials for coating prostheses
- A61L27/30—Inorganic materials
- A61L27/32—Phosphorus-containing materials, e.g. apatite
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/36—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix
- A61L27/3604—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix characterised by the human or animal origin of the biological material, e.g. hair, fascia, fish scales, silk, shellac, pericardium, pleura, renal tissue, amniotic membrane, parenchymal tissue, fetal tissue, muscle tissue, fat tissue, enamel
- A61L27/3608—Bone, e.g. demineralised bone matrix [DBM], bone powder
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/36—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix
- A61L27/3641—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix characterised by the site of application in the body
- A61L27/3645—Connective tissue
- A61L27/365—Bones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/36—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix
- A61L27/38—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix containing added animal cells
- A61L27/3804—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix containing added animal cells characterised by specific cells or progenitors thereof, e.g. fibroblasts, connective tissue cells, kidney cells
- A61L27/3834—Cells able to produce different cell types, e.g. hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, marrow stromal cells, embryonic stem cells
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/36—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix
- A61L27/38—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix containing added animal cells
- A61L27/3839—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix containing added animal cells characterised by the site of application in the body
- A61L27/3843—Connective tissue
- A61L27/3847—Bones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L27/56—Porous materials, e.g. foams or sponges
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
- A61F2/442—Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
- A61F2/4603—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/28—Bones
- A61F2002/2835—Bone graft implants for filling a bony defect or an endoprosthesis cavity, e.g. by synthetic material or biological material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30003—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
- A61F2002/30004—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis the prosthesis being made from materials having different values of a given property at different locations within the same prosthesis
- A61F2002/30011—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis the prosthesis being made from materials having different values of a given property at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in porosity
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30003—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
- A61F2002/30004—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis the prosthesis being made from materials having different values of a given property at different locations within the same prosthesis
- A61F2002/30016—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis the prosthesis being made from materials having different values of a given property at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in hardness, e.g. Vickers, Shore, Brinell
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30003—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
- A61F2002/3006—Properties of materials and coating materials
- A61F2002/30062—(bio)absorbable, biodegradable, bioerodable, (bio)resorbable, resorptive
- A61F2002/30064—Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of biodegradable material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30108—Shapes
- A61F2002/3011—Cross-sections or two-dimensional shapes
- A61F2002/30138—Convex polygonal shapes
- A61F2002/30153—Convex polygonal shapes rectangular
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30108—Shapes
- A61F2002/3011—Cross-sections or two-dimensional shapes
- A61F2002/30138—Convex polygonal shapes
- A61F2002/30158—Convex polygonal shapes trapezoidal
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30108—Shapes
- A61F2002/3011—Cross-sections or two-dimensional shapes
- A61F2002/30159—Concave polygonal shapes
- A61F2002/30166—H-shaped or I-shaped
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30108—Shapes
- A61F2002/3011—Cross-sections or two-dimensional shapes
- A61F2002/30159—Concave polygonal shapes
- A61F2002/30179—X-shaped
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30108—Shapes
- A61F2002/30199—Three-dimensional shapes
- A61F2002/30224—Three-dimensional shapes cylindrical
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30108—Shapes
- A61F2002/30199—Three-dimensional shapes
- A61F2002/30224—Three-dimensional shapes cylindrical
- A61F2002/30235—Three-dimensional shapes cylindrical tubular, e.g. sleeves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30108—Shapes
- A61F2002/30199—Three-dimensional shapes
- A61F2002/30261—Three-dimensional shapes parallelepipedal
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30108—Shapes
- A61F2002/30199—Three-dimensional shapes
- A61F2002/30261—Three-dimensional shapes parallelepipedal
- A61F2002/30266—Three-dimensional shapes parallelepipedal wedge-shaped parallelepipeds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30108—Shapes
- A61F2002/30199—Three-dimensional shapes
- A61F2002/3028—Three-dimensional shapes polyhedral different from parallelepipedal and pyramidal
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30593—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for hollow
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30604—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for modular
- A61F2002/30616—Sets comprising a plurality of prosthetic parts of different sizes or orientations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30667—Features concerning an interaction with the environment or a particular use of the prosthesis
- A61F2002/30677—Means for introducing or releasing pharmaceutical products, e.g. antibiotics, into the body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30721—Accessories
- A61F2002/30733—Inserts placed into an endoprosthetic cavity, e.g. for modifying a material property
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
- A61F2002/30772—Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section
- A61F2002/30774—Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section internally-threaded
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
- A61F2002/30772—Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section
- A61F2002/30777—Oblong apertures
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
- A61F2002/30772—Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section
- A61F2002/30784—Plurality of holes
- A61F2002/30789—Plurality of holes perpendicular with respect to each other
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
- A61F2002/3082—Grooves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
- A61F2002/3082—Grooves
- A61F2002/30822—Circumferential grooves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
- A61F2002/3082—Grooves
- A61F2002/30827—Plurality of grooves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
- A61F2002/3085—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves with a threaded, e.g. self-tapping, bone-engaging surface, e.g. external surface
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
- A61F2002/30878—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves with non-sharp protrusions, for instance contacting the bone for anchoring, e.g. keels, pegs, pins, posts, shanks, stems, struts
- A61F2002/30879—Ribs
- A61F2002/30881—Circumferential ribs, flanges or fins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
- A61F2002/30878—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves with non-sharp protrusions, for instance contacting the bone for anchoring, e.g. keels, pegs, pins, posts, shanks, stems, struts
- A61F2002/30891—Plurality of protrusions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
- A61F2002/30878—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves with non-sharp protrusions, for instance contacting the bone for anchoring, e.g. keels, pegs, pins, posts, shanks, stems, struts
- A61F2002/30891—Plurality of protrusions
- A61F2002/30892—Plurality of protrusions parallel
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
- A61F2002/30878—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves with non-sharp protrusions, for instance contacting the bone for anchoring, e.g. keels, pegs, pins, posts, shanks, stems, struts
- A61F2002/30891—Plurality of protrusions
- A61F2002/30896—Plurality of protrusions perpendicular with respect to each other
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2002/3092—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth having an open-celled or open-pored structure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2002/30968—Sintering
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
- A61F2/4603—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
- A61F2002/4625—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof with relative movement between parts of the instrument during use
- A61F2002/4627—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof with relative movement between parts of the instrument during use with linear motion along or rotating motion about the instrument axis or the implantation direction, e.g. telescopic, along a guiding rod, screwing inside the instrument
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
- A61F2/4603—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
- A61F2002/4629—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof connected to the endoprosthesis or implant via a threaded connection
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
- A61F2/4644—Preparation of bone graft, bone plugs or bone dowels, e.g. grinding or milling bone material
- A61F2002/4648—Means for culturing bone graft
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2220/00—Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2220/0025—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2230/0002—Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
- A61F2230/0017—Angular shapes
- A61F2230/0019—Angular shapes rectangular
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2230/0002—Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
- A61F2230/0017—Angular shapes
- A61F2230/0026—Angular shapes trapezoidal
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2230/0002—Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
- A61F2230/0028—Shapes in the form of latin or greek characters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2230/0002—Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
- A61F2230/0028—Shapes in the form of latin or greek characters
- A61F2230/0058—X-shaped
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2230/0063—Three-dimensional shapes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2230/0063—Three-dimensional shapes
- A61F2230/0069—Three-dimensional shapes cylindrical
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2230/0063—Three-dimensional shapes
- A61F2230/0082—Three-dimensional shapes parallelepipedal
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0014—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis
- A61F2250/0019—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in hardness, e.g. Vickers, Shore, Brinell
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0014—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis
- A61F2250/0023—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in porosity
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00179—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures
- A61F2310/00185—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures based on metal oxides
- A61F2310/00203—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures based on metal oxides containing alumina or aluminium oxide
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00179—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures
- A61F2310/00185—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures based on metal oxides
- A61F2310/00239—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures based on metal oxides containing zirconia or zirconium oxide ZrO2
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00389—The prosthesis being coated or covered with a particular material
- A61F2310/00592—Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of ceramics or of ceramic-like compounds
- A61F2310/00796—Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of a phosphorus-containing compound, e.g. hydroxy(l)apatite
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00389—The prosthesis being coated or covered with a particular material
- A61F2310/00928—Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of glass or of glass-containing compounds, e.g. of bioglass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00389—The prosthesis being coated or covered with a particular material
- A61F2310/0097—Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of pharmaceutical products, e.g. antibiotics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00389—The prosthesis being coated or covered with a particular material
- A61F2310/00976—Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of proteins or of polypeptides, e.g. of bone morphogenic proteins BMP or of transforming growth factors TGF
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2430/00—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration
- A61L2430/02—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration for reconstruction of bones; weight-bearing implants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2430/00—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration
- A61L2430/38—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration for reconstruction of the spine, vertebrae or intervertebral discs
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to improvements in bone grafts such as spinal fusion cages of the type designed for human implantation between adjacent spinal vertebrae, to maintain the vertebrae in substantially fixed spaced relation while promoting interbody bone ingrowth and fusion therebetween. More particularly, this invention relates to an implantable bone graft such as a spinal fusion cage having an improved combination of enhanced mechanical strength together with osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties, in a device that additionally and beneficially provides visualization of bone growth for facilitated post-operative monitoring.
- Implantable interbody bone grafts such as spinal fusion devices are known in the art and are routinely used by spine surgeons to keep adjacent vertebrae in a desired spaced-apart relation while interbody bone ingrowth and fusion takes place.
- spinal fusion devices are also used to provide weight bearing support between adjacent vertebral bodies and thus correct clinical problems.
- Such spinal fusion devices are indicated for medical treatment of degenerative disc disease, discogenic low back pain and spondylolisthesis. These conditions have been treated by using constructs, typically made from metals such as titanium or cobalt chrome alloys such as used in orthopedic implants, and allograft (donor) or autograft (patient) bone to promote bone ingrowth and fusion.
- Typical interbody spinal fusion devices such as plugs for example, have hollow or open spaces that are usually filled with bone graft material, either autogenous bone material provided by the patient or allogenous bone material provided by a third party donor. These devices also have lateral slots or openings which are primarily used to promote ingrowth of blood supply and grow active and live bone. These implants may also have a patterned exterior surface such as a ribbed or serrated surface or a screw thread to achieve enhanced mechanical interlock between adjacent vertebrae, with minimal risk of implant dislodgement from the site. See, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,785,710; and 5,702,453. Typical materials of construction for such interbody spinal fusion devices include bio-compatible carbon fiber reinforced polymers, cobalt chrome alloys, and stainless steels or titanium alloys. See, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,425,772.
- allograft bone implants exhibit good osteoconductive properties, but can subside over time as they assimilate into natural bone. Further, they suffer from poor pull out strength resulting in poor stability, primarily due to the limited options in machining the contact surfaces. Allograft bone implants also have variable materials properties and, perhaps most important of all, are in very limited supply. A small but finite risk of disease transmission with allograft bone is a factor as well. In response to these problems some developers are attempting to use porous tantalum-based metal constructs, but these have met with limited success owing to the poor elastic modulii of porous metals.
- a typical titanium alloy spinal fusion device is constructed from a hollow cylindrical and externally threaded metal cage-like construct with fenestrations that allow communication of the cancellous host tissue with the hollow core, which is packed with morselized bone graft material.
- This design constrained by the materials properties of titanium alloys, relies on bony ingrowth into the fenestrations induced by the bone graft material.
- the titanium-based structure can form a thin fibrous layer at the bone/metal interface, which degrades bone attachment to the metal.
- the hollow core into which the graft material is packed may have sub-optimal stress transmission and vascularization, thus eventually leading to failure to incorporate the graft.
- Autologous (patient) bone fusion has been used in the past and has a theoretically ideal mix of osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties.
- supply of autologous bone material is limited and significant complications are known to occur from bone harvesting.
- the costs associated with harvesting autograft bone material are high, requiring two separate incisions, with the patient having to undergo more pain and recuperation due to the harvesting and implantation processes.
- autologous cancellous bone material has inadequate mechanical strength to support intervertebral forces by itself, whereby the bone material is normally incorporated with a metal-based construct.
- Ceramic materials provide potential alternative structures for use in spinal fusion implant devices.
- monolithic ceramic constructs have been proposed, formed from conventional materials such as hydroxyapatitie (HAP) and/or tricalcium phosphate (TCP). See, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 6,037,519.
- HAP hydroxyapatitie
- TCP tricalcium phosphate
- an object of the present invention to provide an improved bone graft such as an interbody spinal fusion implant or cage made from a bio-compatible open pore structure, which has a radiolucency similar to that of the surrounding bone. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a substrate of high bio-mechanical strength for carrying biological agents which promote intervertebral bone ingrowth, healing and fusion. It is a further objective of the present invention to provide an interbody fusion device which has mechanical properties that substantially match that of natural bone.
- an improved bone graft such as a spinal fusion cage is provided for human implantation into the space between a pair of adjacent vertebrae, following removal of disc material between endplates of the adjacent vertebrae, to maintain the adjacent vertebrae in a predetermined and substantially fixed spaced relation while promoting interbody bone ingrowth and fusion.
- the improved spinal fusion cage of the present invention is designed for use in addressing clinical problems indicated by medical treatment of degenerative disc disease, discogenic lower back pain, and spondylolisthesis.
- the improved bone graft as embodied in the form of the improved spinal fusion cage, comprises a substrate block formed from a bio-compatible material composition having a relatively high bio-mechanical strength and load bearing capacity.
- This substrate may be porous, open-celled, or dense solid.
- a preferred composition of the high strength substrate block comprises a silicon nitride ceramic material.
- the substrate block may be porous, having a porosity of about 10% to about 80% by volume with open pores distributed throughout and a pore size range of from about 5 to about 500 microns.
- the porosity of the substrate block is gradated from a first relatively low porosity region emulating or mimicking the porosity of cortical bone to a second relatively higher porosity region emulating or mimicking the porosity of cancellous bone.
- the substrate block is a dense solid comprised of a ceramic, metal or polymer material. This dense solid substrate would then be attached to a second highly porous region emulating or mimicking the porosity of cancellous bone.
- the porous region would be formed around the substrate.
- the block will be externally coated with a bio-active surface coating material selected for relatively high osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties, such as a hydroxyapatite or a calcium phosphate material.
- the porous portion is internally and externally coated with a bio-active surface coating material selected for relatively high osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties, such as a hydroxyapatite or a calcium phosphate material.
- the porous region may be in and of itself a bio-active material selected for relatively high osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties, such as a hydroxyapatite or a calcium phosphate material.
- the thus-formed bone graft can be made in a variety of shapes and sizes to suit different specific implantation requirements.
- Preferred shapes include a generally rectangular block with a tapered or lordotic cross section to suit the required curvature of the inter-vertebral space, in the case of a spinal fusion device.
- the exterior superior and inferior surfaces of the rectangular body may include ridges or teeth for facilitated engagement with the adjacent vertebrae.
- Alternative preferred shapes include a generally oblong, rectangular block which may also include serrations or the like on one or more exterior faces thereof, and/or may have a tapered or lordotic cross section for improved fit into the inter-vertebral space.
- a further preferred shape may include a crescent shape block which may also include serrations or the like on one or more exterior faces thereof, and/or may have a tapered or lordotic cross section for improved fit into the inter-vertebral space.
- the bone graft may desirably include notches for releasable engagement with a suitable insertion tool.
- the bone graft may also include one or more laterally open recesses or bores for receiving and supporting osteoconductive bone graft material, such as allograft (donor) or autograft (patient) material.
- bone graft configurations may include a dense substrate region substantially emulating cortical bone, to define a high strength loading bearing zone or strut for absorbing impaction and insertion load, in combination with one or more relatively high porosity second regions substantially emulating cancellous bone for contacting adjacent patient bone for enhanced bone ingrowth and fusion.
- the resultant bone graft exhibits relatively high mechanical strength for load bearing support, for example, between adjacent vertebrae in the case of a spinal fusion cage, while additionally and desirably providing high osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties to achieve enhanced bone ingrowth and interbody fusion.
- these desirable characteristics are achieved in a structure which is substantially radiolucent so that the implant does not interfere with post-operative radiographic monitoring of the fusion process.
- the bone graft may additionally carry one or more therapeutic agents for achieving further enhanced bone fusion and ingrowth.
- therapeutic agents may include natural or synthetic therapeutic agents such as bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs), growth factors, bone marrow aspirate, stem cells, progenitor cells, antibiotics, or other osteoconductive, osteoinductive, osteogenic, or any other fusion enhancing material or beneficial therapeutic agent.
- BMPs bone morphogenic proteins
- growth factors such as growth factors, bone marrow aspirate, stem cells, progenitor cells, antibiotics, or other osteoconductive, osteoinductive, osteogenic, or any other fusion enhancing material or beneficial therapeutic agent.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view depicting the spinal fusion cage in the inter-vertebral space
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing one preferred embodiment of the spinal fusion cage
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the load bearing portion of the device of FIG. 2 with anterior and posterior load bearing walls connected by a strut, relieved in the superior and inferior aspects;
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view depicting one alternative preferred and generally rectangular bone graft such as a spinal fusion cage;
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view depicting the load bearing portion of the device of FIG. 4 with anterior and posterior load bearing walls connected by a strut, relieved in the superior and inferior aspects;
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing still another alternative preferred form of the invention, comprising a generally oblong, rectangular bone graft such as a spinal fusion cage;
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view depicting the load bearing portion of the device of FIG. 6 with anterior and posterior load bearing walls connected by a strut, relieved in the superior and inferior aspects;
- FIG. 8 is an axial view of still another alternative form of the invention, taken generally on the load bearing axis of the spine, comprising a generally crescent shaped device conforming to the natural vertebral body shape;
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the device of FIG. 8 , showing a porous posterior margin
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the load bearing portion of the device of FIG. 8 , showing a anterior and lateral load bearing walls connected by a central strut, relieved in the superior and inferior aspects;
- FIG. 11 is an axial view of a further preferred alternative embodiment of the invention, comprising of a generally rectangular shape with macro-pores;
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the device of FIG. 11 showing the interconnection of the macro-pores.
- FIG. 13 is a sectional view of the device of FIG. 11 taken generally along the mid-transverse plane 6 - 6 of FIG. 11 of the device.
- a radiolucent bone graft such as a spinal fusion cage referred to generally in FIGS. 1-3 by the reference numeral 10 is provided for seated implantation between a pair of adjacent patient bones such as spinal vertebrae 12 ( FIG. 1 ) to maintain the vertebrae in spaced relation while promoting interbody bone ingrowth and fusion.
- the improved bone graft 10 comprises a bio-compatible substrate having a porous construction to define an open lattice conducive to interbody bone ingrowth and fusion, while providing a strong mechanical load bearing structure analogous to the load bearing properties of cortical and cancellous bone.
- This open-celled substrate is coated internally and externally with a bio-active surface coating selected for relatively strong osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties, whereby the coated substrate provides a scaffold conducive to cell attachment and proliferation to promote interbody bone ingrowth and fusion attachment.
- the substrate may also carry one or more selected therapeutic agents suitable for bone repair, augmentation and other orthopedic uses.
- FIGS. 1-3 illustrate the improved bone graft in the form of an improved spinal fusion cage 10 in accordance with one preferred embodiment, in the shape of a generally rectangular body having ridges formed on the exposed top and bottom ends or faces 14 .
- the lateral, anterior, and posterior walls of the body having notches 18 for the releasable engagement with an insertion tool.
- the preferred substrate composition comprises a relatively high strength block 16 ( FIG. 3 ).
- this substrate block comprises a relatively dense 16 silicon nitride composition having a controlled porosity and having a suitable size and shape for seated implantation, such as into the inter-vertebral space in the case of the spinal fusion cage 10 .
- the remainder of the substrate is comprised of a relatively porous silicon nitride 20 ( FIG. 2 ) having an open-celled controlled porosity.
- One preferred silicon nitride ceramic material comprises a doped silicon nitride of the type disclosed in copending U.S. Ser. No. 10/171,376, which is incorporated by reference herein.
- the pores are arranged with a variable porosity gradient to define a first region of relatively low or reduced porosity (less than about 5%) substantially mimicking cortical bone structure and a second region of relatively large or increased porosity (ranging from about 30% to about 80%) substantially mimicking cancellous bone structure.
- the outer or external surfaces of the reticulated substrate block comprise the first or low porosity region for improved load bearing capacity, while the interior surfaces of the substrate block comprises the second or high porosity region mimicking cancellous bone for enhance bone ingrowth and fusion.
- This high strength substrate block is surface-coated internally and externally with a bio-active organic or inorganic surface coating material selected for relatively strong osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties to provide a nutrient rich environment for cellular activity to promote interbody bone ingrowth and fusion attachment.
- Preferred surface coating materials comprise a resorbable material such as hydroxyapatite or a calcium phosphate ceramic.
- Alternative glassy (amorphous) materials having a relatively rich calcium and phosphate composition may also be used, particularly wherein such materials incorporate calcium and phosphate in a ratio similar to natural bone or hydroxyapatite.
- Such glassy compositions may comprise a partially or fully amorphous osteoinductive material comprising a composite of a glass and osteoinductive calcium compound, with a composition varying from about 100% glass to 100% osteoinductive calcium compound.
- the surface coating may also comprise autologous bone marrow aspirates.
- the resultant bone graft 10 thus comprises the substrate block formed from the high strength material having bio-mimetic properties and which is nonresorbable, or slowly or infinitely slowly resorbable when implanted into the patient, in combination with the bio-active surface coating which is comparatively rapidly resorbable to promote rapid and vigorous bone ingrowth activity.
- the substrate block may also advantageously be coated or impregnated with one or more selected therapeutic agents, for example, such as autologous, synthetic or stem cell derived growth factors or proteins and growth factors such as bone morphogenic protein (BMP) or a precursor thereto, which further promotes healing, fusion and growth.
- selected therapeutic agents for example, such as autologous, synthetic or stem cell derived growth factors or proteins and growth factors such as bone morphogenic protein (BMP) or a precursor thereto, which further promotes healing, fusion and growth.
- Alternative therapeutic agents may also include an antibiotic, or natural therapeutic agents such as bone marrow aspirates, and growth factors or progenitor cells such as mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic cells, or embryonic stem cells, either alone or as a combination of different beneficial agents.
- the resultant illustrative spinal fusion cage 10 exhibits relatively high bio-mechanical strength similar to the load bearing characteristics of natural bone.
- the spinal fusion cage 10 exhibits relatively strong osteoconductive and osteoinductive characteristics attributable primarily to the surface coating, again similar to natural bone.
- the fusion cage 10 is also substantially radiolucent, so that the fusion cage does not interfere with post-operative radiological analysis of interbody bone ingrowth and fusion.
- the relatively dense, high strength portion 16 is preferably formed in a manner and with exposed faces or ends 14 with which to withstand the axial loading of the spine.
- the anterior and posterior walls of the device are formed as part of this high strength portion, each with exposed upper and lower ends or faces 14 . This is done to allow the high strength region to interface with the cortical ring of the adjacent vertebral body 12 .
- a strut 22 of the high strength material extends between the anterior and posterior walls, which beneficially provides a load bearing structure capable of withstanding impaction and insertion loading in the anterior-posterior direction. Consequently, the relatively porous portion is formed in-between the dense anterior-posterior walls and around the central strut.
- the porous portion thereby forms the remainder of the device, including a large region of the superior, inferior, and lateral aspects.
- the porous portion being less dense in nature than the high strength regions of the device, is increasingly radiolucent, thus allowing for assessment of bone growth and bony attachment to the adjacent vertebral body.
- FIGS. 4-10 illustrate alternative configurations for improved bone grafts such as spinal fusion cages constructed in accordance with the present invention, it being recognized and understood that the bone graft can be constructed in a wide range of different geometric sizes and shapes.
- FIG. 4 shows a spinal fusion cage 110 having a generally rectangular shape similar to the fusion cage 10 shown and described in FIGS. 1-3 , but the form is elongated, as for use in replacing an entire vertebral body. As shown, the spinal fusion cage 110 ( FIG.
- FIG. 5 shows multiple dense struts, thereby demonstrating that the porous region is able to make contact with the adjacent superior and inferior vertebrae.
- the porous region 114 is more radiolucent than the surrounding dense portion and therefore provides enhanced visualization for analysis of bone growth and subsequent fusion with the adjacent vertebrae.
- Each of the embodiments depicted in FIGS. 1-13 has a height dimension and may be tapered or lordotic in shape for enhanced anatomical fit, for example, into the inter-vertebral space or the like.
- FIGS. 6-7 depicts still another alternative preferred embodiment of a generally oblong, rectangular geometry 410 having both a high strength, dense region 40 , as well as a relatively porous region 44 for bone in-growth.
- This geometry would be useful for surgical approaches in which it is necessary to place two implants next to each other in the intervertebral space. More particularly, FIGS. 6-7 show a generally oblong, rectangular bone graft such as a spinal fusion cage 410 having a tapered height dimension in the anterior-posterior direction.
- the substrate block is formed with the first region 40 of relatively low porosity substantially mimicking cortical bone to extend across the anterior and posterior faces and further to include at least one interconnecting load bearing strut 42 shown in the illustrative drawings to extend centrally in an anterior-posterior direction within the body of the substrate block.
- the remainder of the substrate block comprises the second portion 44 of relatively high porosity substantially mimicking cancellous bone.
- the harder first region 40 including the central strut 42 beneficially provides a hard and strong load bearing structure analogous to that shown and described with respect to FIGS.
- the softer second region 44 presents an exposed and large surface area for substantially optimized interknitting ingrowth and fusion with adjacent patient bone.
- the medial-lateral faces of the implant are advantageously defined by the softer second region 44 , wherein these regions are thus exposed to traditional medial-lateral X-ray imaging for post-operative radiological analysis of the implant/bone interface.
- load bearing strut or struts 42 may be used, such as an X-shaped strut configuration extending in a cranial-caudial direction, in combination with or in lieu of the exterior faces 40 and/or the anterior-posterior central strut as shown.
- FIGS. 8-10 depict a further alternative preferred form of the invention, with a generally crescent shaped geometry 510 .
- the substrate block is formed of a relatively dense, high strength region 50 substantially mimicking cortical bone extending along the anterior and lateral walls and including exposed upper and lower ends or faces.
- the dense portion 50 once again beneficially provides a strong load bearing structure capable of withstanding axial loads in the spine.
- the high-strength region 50 is located along the anterior of the substrate, thereby interfacing with the load bearing cortical bone of the adjacent vertebral body.
- An integral dense strut 52 extends between the dense lateral walls providing a load bearing structure for impaction and insertion forces exhibited in a lateral approach.
- the superior, inferior, and posterior portions of the substrate are formed with a relatively porous material 54 . This provides for bone growth and increased radiolucency.
- FIGS. 11-14 depict a still further alternative preferred embodiment which is formed entirely of a relatively low porosity, high-strength substrate 610 .
- the subsequent porous structure 60 is created by drilling or boring a plurality of macro-pores 62 into the superior, inferior, and lateral faces of the device. This method allows the anterior and posterior walls to remain intact and thus be able to withstand the loading of the spinal column.
- the macro-pores are oriented in both the axial direction of the spine, as well as between the lateral walls of the device, thereby allowing bone to grow in the direction of the spinal loading and laterally through the substrate.
- the macropores are positioned in such a manner as to allow for continuous interconnection 70 , thereby creating a meshwork of pores for bony ingrowth into the device.
- the macropores extend either from one face of the device to the opposite face 64 , or towards the center of the device, extended to a certain depth, and terminated therein 66 .
- the blind macropores 66 in-turn create a portion in the center of the device which remains solid and is therefore a load bearing strut 68 extending from the anterior wall to the posterior wall and capable of withstanding impaction and insertion loads in the anterior-posterior direction.
- This macropore method can also be utilized with geometries similar to those depicted in FIGS. 6-10 , such as the oblong rectangular 410 and the crescent 510 .
- the substrate block comprises a high strength porous ceramic as previously described, and is coated with the bio-active surface coating material, again as previously described, to enhance bone ingrowth and fusion.
- the substrate block may also include one or more therapeutic agents.
- Persons skilled in the art will recognize and appreciate that the relatively low and high porosity regions 16 and 20 shown in FIGS. 2-3 will be integrally joined by a suitable albeit relatively narrow gradient region wherein the porosity transitions therebetween.
- the improved bone graft such as the illustrative spinal fusion cage of the present invention thus comprises an open-celled substrate block structure which is coated with a bio-active surface coating, and has the strength required for the weight bearing capacity required of a fusion device.
- the capability of being infused with the appropriate biologic coating agent imparts desirable osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties to the device for enhanced interbody bone ingrowth and fusion, without detracting from essential load bearing characteristics.
- the radiolucent characteristics of the improved device beneficially accommodate post-operative radiological examination to monitor the bone ingrowth and fusion progress, substantially without undesirable radio-shadowing attributable to the fusion cage.
- the external serrations or threads formed on the fusion cage may have a variable depth to enable the base of the device to contact the cortical bone for optimal weight bearing capacity.
- the present invention is easy to manufacture in a cost competitive manner. The invention thus provides a substantial improvement in addressing clinical problems indicated for medical treatment of degenerative disc disease, discogenic low back pain and spondylolisthesis.
- the bone graft implant can be formed in the size and shape of a small pellet for suitable packing of multiple implants into a bone regeneration/ingrowth site. Accordingly, no limitation on the invention is intended by way of the foregoing description and accompanying drawings, except as set forth in the appended claims.
Abstract
Description
- This is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 10/137,108, filed Apr. 30, 2002, which in turn claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/287,824, filed May 1, 2001.
- This invention relates generally to improvements in bone grafts such as spinal fusion cages of the type designed for human implantation between adjacent spinal vertebrae, to maintain the vertebrae in substantially fixed spaced relation while promoting interbody bone ingrowth and fusion therebetween. More particularly, this invention relates to an implantable bone graft such as a spinal fusion cage having an improved combination of enhanced mechanical strength together with osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties, in a device that additionally and beneficially provides visualization of bone growth for facilitated post-operative monitoring.
- Implantable interbody bone grafts such as spinal fusion devices are known in the art and are routinely used by spine surgeons to keep adjacent vertebrae in a desired spaced-apart relation while interbody bone ingrowth and fusion takes place. Such spinal fusion devices are also used to provide weight bearing support between adjacent vertebral bodies and thus correct clinical problems. Such spinal fusion devices are indicated for medical treatment of degenerative disc disease, discogenic low back pain and spondylolisthesis. These conditions have been treated by using constructs, typically made from metals such as titanium or cobalt chrome alloys such as used in orthopedic implants, and allograft (donor) or autograft (patient) bone to promote bone ingrowth and fusion.
- Typical interbody spinal fusion devices, such as plugs for example, have hollow or open spaces that are usually filled with bone graft material, either autogenous bone material provided by the patient or allogenous bone material provided by a third party donor. These devices also have lateral slots or openings which are primarily used to promote ingrowth of blood supply and grow active and live bone. These implants may also have a patterned exterior surface such as a ribbed or serrated surface or a screw thread to achieve enhanced mechanical interlock between adjacent vertebrae, with minimal risk of implant dislodgement from the site. See, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,785,710; and 5,702,453. Typical materials of construction for such interbody spinal fusion devices include bio-compatible carbon fiber reinforced polymers, cobalt chrome alloys, and stainless steels or titanium alloys. See, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,425,772.
- Most state-of-the-art spinal fusion implants are made from titanium alloy and allograft (donor) bone, and have enjoyed clinical success as well as rapid and widespread use due to improved patient outcomes. However, traditional titanium-based implant devices exhibit poor radiolucency characteristics, presenting difficulties in post-operative monitoring and evaluation of the fusion process due to the radio-shadow produced by the non-lucent metal. There is also clinical evidence of bone subsidence and collapse which is believed to be attributable to mechanical incompatibility between natural bone and the metal implant material. Moreover, traditional titanium-based implant devices are primarily load bearing but are not osteoconductive, i.e., not conducive to direct and strong mechanical attachment to patient bone tissue, leading to potential graft necrosis, poor fusion and stability. By contrast, allograft bone implants exhibit good osteoconductive properties, but can subside over time as they assimilate into natural bone. Further, they suffer from poor pull out strength resulting in poor stability, primarily due to the limited options in machining the contact surfaces. Allograft bone implants also have variable materials properties and, perhaps most important of all, are in very limited supply. A small but finite risk of disease transmission with allograft bone is a factor as well. In response to these problems some developers are attempting to use porous tantalum-based metal constructs, but these have met with limited success owing to the poor elastic modulii of porous metals.
- A typical titanium alloy spinal fusion device is constructed from a hollow cylindrical and externally threaded metal cage-like construct with fenestrations that allow communication of the cancellous host tissue with the hollow core, which is packed with morselized bone graft material. This design, constrained by the materials properties of titanium alloys, relies on bony ingrowth into the fenestrations induced by the bone graft material. However, the titanium-based structure can form a thin fibrous layer at the bone/metal interface, which degrades bone attachment to the metal. In addition, the hollow core into which the graft material is packed may have sub-optimal stress transmission and vascularization, thus eventually leading to failure to incorporate the graft. Mechanical stability, transmission of fluid stress, and the presence of osteoinductive agents are required to stimulate the ingrowth of vascular buds and proliferate mesenchymal cells from the cancellous host tissue into the graft material. However, most titanium-based spinal fusion devices in use today have end caps or lateral solid walls to prevent egress of the graft outwardly from the core and ingress of remnant disc tissue and fibroblasts into the core.
- Autologous (patient) bone fusion has been used in the past and has a theoretically ideal mix of osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties. However, supply of autologous bone material is limited and significant complications are known to occur from bone harvesting. Moreover, the costs associated with harvesting autograft bone material are high, requiring two separate incisions, with the patient having to undergo more pain and recuperation due to the harvesting and implantation processes. Additionally, autologous cancellous bone material has inadequate mechanical strength to support intervertebral forces by itself, whereby the bone material is normally incorporated with a metal-based construct.
- Ceramic materials provide potential alternative structures for use in spinal fusion implant devices. In this regard, monolithic ceramic constructs have been proposed, formed from conventional materials such as hydroxyapatitie (HAP) and/or tricalcium phosphate (TCP). See, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 6,037,519. However, while these ceramic materials may provide satisfactory osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties, they have not provided the mechanical strength necessary for the implant.
- Thus, a significant need exists for further improvements in and to the design of bone grafts such as spinal fusion implant devices, particularly to provide a high strength implant having high bone ingrowth and fusion characteristics, together with substantial radiolucency for effective and facilitated post-operative monitoring.
- Hence, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved bone graft such as an interbody spinal fusion implant or cage made from a bio-compatible open pore structure, which has a radiolucency similar to that of the surrounding bone. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a substrate of high bio-mechanical strength for carrying biological agents which promote intervertebral bone ingrowth, healing and fusion. It is a further objective of the present invention to provide an interbody fusion device which has mechanical properties that substantially match that of natural bone.
- In accordance with the invention, an improved bone graft such as a spinal fusion cage is provided for human implantation into the space between a pair of adjacent vertebrae, following removal of disc material between endplates of the adjacent vertebrae, to maintain the adjacent vertebrae in a predetermined and substantially fixed spaced relation while promoting interbody bone ingrowth and fusion. In this regard, the improved spinal fusion cage of the present invention is designed for use in addressing clinical problems indicated by medical treatment of degenerative disc disease, discogenic lower back pain, and spondylolisthesis.
- The improved bone graft, as embodied in the form of the improved spinal fusion cage, comprises a substrate block formed from a bio-compatible material composition having a relatively high bio-mechanical strength and load bearing capacity. This substrate may be porous, open-celled, or dense solid. A preferred composition of the high strength substrate block comprises a silicon nitride ceramic material. The substrate block may be porous, having a porosity of about 10% to about 80% by volume with open pores distributed throughout and a pore size range of from about 5 to about 500 microns. When the substrate is porous, the porosity of the substrate block is gradated from a first relatively low porosity region emulating or mimicking the porosity of cortical bone to a second relatively higher porosity region emulating or mimicking the porosity of cancellous bone. In a second embodiment, the substrate block is a dense solid comprised of a ceramic, metal or polymer material. This dense solid substrate would then be attached to a second highly porous region emulating or mimicking the porosity of cancellous bone. Preferably, the porous region would be formed around the substrate.
- In the method where a dense, solid material is used as the substrate block, the block will be externally coated with a bio-active surface coating material selected for relatively high osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties, such as a hydroxyapatite or a calcium phosphate material. The porous portion is internally and externally coated with a bio-active surface coating material selected for relatively high osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties, such as a hydroxyapatite or a calcium phosphate material. The porous region, however, may be in and of itself a bio-active material selected for relatively high osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties, such as a hydroxyapatite or a calcium phosphate material.
- The thus-formed bone graft can be made in a variety of shapes and sizes to suit different specific implantation requirements. Preferred shapes include a generally rectangular block with a tapered or lordotic cross section to suit the required curvature of the inter-vertebral space, in the case of a spinal fusion device. The exterior superior and inferior surfaces of the rectangular body may include ridges or teeth for facilitated engagement with the adjacent vertebrae. Alternative preferred shapes include a generally oblong, rectangular block which may also include serrations or the like on one or more exterior faces thereof, and/or may have a tapered or lordotic cross section for improved fit into the inter-vertebral space. A further preferred shape may include a crescent shape block which may also include serrations or the like on one or more exterior faces thereof, and/or may have a tapered or lordotic cross section for improved fit into the inter-vertebral space. The bone graft may desirably include notches for releasable engagement with a suitable insertion tool. In addition, the bone graft may also include one or more laterally open recesses or bores for receiving and supporting osteoconductive bone graft material, such as allograft (donor) or autograft (patient) material.
- Further alternative bone graft configurations may include a dense substrate region substantially emulating cortical bone, to define a high strength loading bearing zone or strut for absorbing impaction and insertion load, in combination with one or more relatively high porosity second regions substantially emulating cancellous bone for contacting adjacent patient bone for enhanced bone ingrowth and fusion.
- The resultant bone graft exhibits relatively high mechanical strength for load bearing support, for example, between adjacent vertebrae in the case of a spinal fusion cage, while additionally and desirably providing high osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties to achieve enhanced bone ingrowth and interbody fusion. Importantly, these desirable characteristics are achieved in a structure which is substantially radiolucent so that the implant does not interfere with post-operative radiographic monitoring of the fusion process.
- In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, the bone graft may additionally carry one or more therapeutic agents for achieving further enhanced bone fusion and ingrowth. Such therapeutic agents may include natural or synthetic therapeutic agents such as bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs), growth factors, bone marrow aspirate, stem cells, progenitor cells, antibiotics, or other osteoconductive, osteoinductive, osteogenic, or any other fusion enhancing material or beneficial therapeutic agent.
- Other features and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings which illustrate, by way of example, the principles of the invention.
- The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention. In such drawings:
-
FIG. 1 is a perspective view depicting the spinal fusion cage in the inter-vertebral space; -
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing one preferred embodiment of the spinal fusion cage; -
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the load bearing portion of the device ofFIG. 2 with anterior and posterior load bearing walls connected by a strut, relieved in the superior and inferior aspects; -
FIG. 4 is a perspective view depicting one alternative preferred and generally rectangular bone graft such as a spinal fusion cage; -
FIG. 5 is a perspective view depicting the load bearing portion of the device ofFIG. 4 with anterior and posterior load bearing walls connected by a strut, relieved in the superior and inferior aspects; -
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing still another alternative preferred form of the invention, comprising a generally oblong, rectangular bone graft such as a spinal fusion cage; -
FIG. 7 is a perspective view depicting the load bearing portion of the device ofFIG. 6 with anterior and posterior load bearing walls connected by a strut, relieved in the superior and inferior aspects; -
FIG. 8 is an axial view of still another alternative form of the invention, taken generally on the load bearing axis of the spine, comprising a generally crescent shaped device conforming to the natural vertebral body shape; -
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the device ofFIG. 8 , showing a porous posterior margin; -
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the load bearing portion of the device ofFIG. 8 , showing a anterior and lateral load bearing walls connected by a central strut, relieved in the superior and inferior aspects; -
FIG. 11 is an axial view of a further preferred alternative embodiment of the invention, comprising of a generally rectangular shape with macro-pores; -
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the device ofFIG. 11 showing the interconnection of the macro-pores; and -
FIG. 13 is a sectional view of the device ofFIG. 11 taken generally along the mid-transverse plane 6-6 ofFIG. 11 of the device. - As shown in the exemplary drawings, a radiolucent bone graft such as a spinal fusion cage referred to generally in
FIGS. 1-3 by thereference numeral 10 is provided for seated implantation between a pair of adjacent patient bones such as spinal vertebrae 12 (FIG. 1 ) to maintain the vertebrae in spaced relation while promoting interbody bone ingrowth and fusion. In general, theimproved bone graft 10 comprises a bio-compatible substrate having a porous construction to define an open lattice conducive to interbody bone ingrowth and fusion, while providing a strong mechanical load bearing structure analogous to the load bearing properties of cortical and cancellous bone. This open-celled substrate is coated internally and externally with a bio-active surface coating selected for relatively strong osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties, whereby the coated substrate provides a scaffold conducive to cell attachment and proliferation to promote interbody bone ingrowth and fusion attachment. The substrate may also carry one or more selected therapeutic agents suitable for bone repair, augmentation and other orthopedic uses. -
FIGS. 1-3 illustrate the improved bone graft in the form of an improvedspinal fusion cage 10 in accordance with one preferred embodiment, in the shape of a generally rectangular body having ridges formed on the exposed top and bottom ends or faces 14. The lateral, anterior, and posterior walls of thebody having notches 18 for the releasable engagement with an insertion tool. - The preferred substrate composition comprises a relatively high strength block 16 (
FIG. 3 ). In accordance with one preferred form of the invention, this substrate block comprises a relatively dense 16 silicon nitride composition having a controlled porosity and having a suitable size and shape for seated implantation, such as into the inter-vertebral space in the case of thespinal fusion cage 10. In a preferred form, the remainder of the substrate is comprised of a relatively porous silicon nitride 20 (FIG. 2 ) having an open-celled controlled porosity. One preferred silicon nitride ceramic material comprises a doped silicon nitride of the type disclosed in copending U.S. Ser. No. 10/171,376, which is incorporated by reference herein. - Moreover, in the preferred form, the pores are arranged with a variable porosity gradient to define a first region of relatively low or reduced porosity (less than about 5%) substantially mimicking cortical bone structure and a second region of relatively large or increased porosity (ranging from about 30% to about 80%) substantially mimicking cancellous bone structure. In one preferred configuration, the outer or external surfaces of the reticulated substrate block comprise the first or low porosity region for improved load bearing capacity, while the interior surfaces of the substrate block comprises the second or high porosity region mimicking cancellous bone for enhance bone ingrowth and fusion.
- This high strength substrate block is surface-coated internally and externally with a bio-active organic or inorganic surface coating material selected for relatively strong osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties to provide a nutrient rich environment for cellular activity to promote interbody bone ingrowth and fusion attachment. Preferred surface coating materials comprise a resorbable material such as hydroxyapatite or a calcium phosphate ceramic. Alternative glassy (amorphous) materials having a relatively rich calcium and phosphate composition may also be used, particularly wherein such materials incorporate calcium and phosphate in a ratio similar to natural bone or hydroxyapatite. Such glassy compositions may comprise a partially or fully amorphous osteoinductive material comprising a composite of a glass and osteoinductive calcium compound, with a composition varying from about 100% glass to 100% osteoinductive calcium compound. The surface coating may also comprise autologous bone marrow aspirates.
- The
resultant bone graft 10 thus comprises the substrate block formed from the high strength material having bio-mimetic properties and which is nonresorbable, or slowly or infinitely slowly resorbable when implanted into the patient, in combination with the bio-active surface coating which is comparatively rapidly resorbable to promote rapid and vigorous bone ingrowth activity. - The substrate block may also advantageously be coated or impregnated with one or more selected therapeutic agents, for example, such as autologous, synthetic or stem cell derived growth factors or proteins and growth factors such as bone morphogenic protein (BMP) or a precursor thereto, which further promotes healing, fusion and growth. Alternative therapeutic agents may also include an antibiotic, or natural therapeutic agents such as bone marrow aspirates, and growth factors or progenitor cells such as mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic cells, or embryonic stem cells, either alone or as a combination of different beneficial agents.
- The resultant illustrative
spinal fusion cage 10 exhibits relatively high bio-mechanical strength similar to the load bearing characteristics of natural bone. In addition, thespinal fusion cage 10 exhibits relatively strong osteoconductive and osteoinductive characteristics attributable primarily to the surface coating, again similar to natural bone. Importantly, thefusion cage 10 is also substantially radiolucent, so that the fusion cage does not interfere with post-operative radiological analysis of interbody bone ingrowth and fusion. - The relatively dense,
high strength portion 16 is preferably formed in a manner and with exposed faces or ends 14 with which to withstand the axial loading of the spine. In the preferred embodiment as shown, the anterior and posterior walls of the device are formed as part of this high strength portion, each with exposed upper and lower ends or faces 14. This is done to allow the high strength region to interface with the cortical ring of the adjacentvertebral body 12. Additionally, astrut 22 of the high strength material extends between the anterior and posterior walls, which beneficially provides a load bearing structure capable of withstanding impaction and insertion loading in the anterior-posterior direction. Consequently, the relatively porous portion is formed in-between the dense anterior-posterior walls and around the central strut. The porous portion thereby forms the remainder of the device, including a large region of the superior, inferior, and lateral aspects. The porous portion, being less dense in nature than the high strength regions of the device, is increasingly radiolucent, thus allowing for assessment of bone growth and bony attachment to the adjacent vertebral body. -
FIGS. 4-10 illustrate alternative configurations for improved bone grafts such as spinal fusion cages constructed in accordance with the present invention, it being recognized and understood that the bone graft can be constructed in a wide range of different geometric sizes and shapes.FIG. 4 shows aspinal fusion cage 110 having a generally rectangular shape similar to thefusion cage 10 shown and described inFIGS. 1-3 , but the form is elongated, as for use in replacing an entire vertebral body. As shown, the spinal fusion cage 110 (FIG. 5 ) has a relatively dense structure defined by a high strength substrate block 112 (as previously described) coated with the bio-active surface coating material, but wherein the relatively dense interior structure is definedmultiple struts 116 with high strength for withstanding impaction and insertion loading in an anterior-posterior direction between anterior and posterior walls with exposes upper and lower ends or faces. Themultiple struts 116 additionally create interior openings which provide for lateral fluid transmission and optimize bone growth laterally through the center of the implant.FIG. 5 shows multiple dense struts, thereby demonstrating that the porous region is able to make contact with the adjacent superior and inferior vertebrae. Theporous region 114 is more radiolucent than the surrounding dense portion and therefore provides enhanced visualization for analysis of bone growth and subsequent fusion with the adjacent vertebrae. Each of the embodiments depicted inFIGS. 1-13 has a height dimension and may be tapered or lordotic in shape for enhanced anatomical fit, for example, into the inter-vertebral space or the like. -
FIGS. 6-7 depicts still another alternative preferred embodiment of a generally oblong,rectangular geometry 410 having both a high strength,dense region 40, as well as a relativelyporous region 44 for bone in-growth. This geometry would be useful for surgical approaches in which it is necessary to place two implants next to each other in the intervertebral space. More particularly,FIGS. 6-7 show a generally oblong, rectangular bone graft such as aspinal fusion cage 410 having a tapered height dimension in the anterior-posterior direction. The substrate block is formed with thefirst region 40 of relatively low porosity substantially mimicking cortical bone to extend across the anterior and posterior faces and further to include at least one interconnectingload bearing strut 42 shown in the illustrative drawings to extend centrally in an anterior-posterior direction within the body of the substrate block. The remainder of the substrate block comprises thesecond portion 44 of relatively high porosity substantially mimicking cancellous bone. The harderfirst region 40 including thecentral strut 42 beneficially provides a hard and strong load bearing structure analogous to that shown and described with respect toFIGS. 1-5 , and capable of withstanding impaction and insertion forces in the anterior-posterior direction without damage to the implant, while the softersecond region 44 presents an exposed and large surface area for substantially optimized interknitting ingrowth and fusion with adjacent patient bone. In a spinal fusion cage application, the medial-lateral faces of the implant are advantageously defined by the softersecond region 44, wherein these regions are thus exposed to traditional medial-lateral X-ray imaging for post-operative radiological analysis of the implant/bone interface. Persons skilled in the art will recognize and appreciate that alternative configurations for the load bearing strut or struts 42 may be used, such as an X-shaped strut configuration extending in a cranial-caudial direction, in combination with or in lieu of the exterior faces 40 and/or the anterior-posterior central strut as shown. -
FIGS. 8-10 depict a further alternative preferred form of the invention, with a generally crescent shapedgeometry 510. The substrate block is formed of a relatively dense,high strength region 50 substantially mimicking cortical bone extending along the anterior and lateral walls and including exposed upper and lower ends or faces. Thedense portion 50 once again beneficially provides a strong load bearing structure capable of withstanding axial loads in the spine. Also, the high-strength region 50 is located along the anterior of the substrate, thereby interfacing with the load bearing cortical bone of the adjacent vertebral body. An integraldense strut 52 extends between the dense lateral walls providing a load bearing structure for impaction and insertion forces exhibited in a lateral approach. The superior, inferior, and posterior portions of the substrate are formed with a relativelyporous material 54. This provides for bone growth and increased radiolucency. -
FIGS. 11-14 depict a still further alternative preferred embodiment which is formed entirely of a relatively low porosity, high-strength substrate 610. The subsequentporous structure 60 is created by drilling or boring a plurality ofmacro-pores 62 into the superior, inferior, and lateral faces of the device. This method allows the anterior and posterior walls to remain intact and thus be able to withstand the loading of the spinal column. The macro-pores are oriented in both the axial direction of the spine, as well as between the lateral walls of the device, thereby allowing bone to grow in the direction of the spinal loading and laterally through the substrate. The macropores are positioned in such a manner as to allow forcontinuous interconnection 70, thereby creating a meshwork of pores for bony ingrowth into the device. The macropores extend either from one face of the device to theopposite face 64, or towards the center of the device, extended to a certain depth, and terminated therein 66. Theblind macropores 66 in-turn create a portion in the center of the device which remains solid and is therefore aload bearing strut 68 extending from the anterior wall to the posterior wall and capable of withstanding impaction and insertion loads in the anterior-posterior direction. This macropore method can also be utilized with geometries similar to those depicted inFIGS. 6-10 , such as the oblong rectangular 410 and thecrescent 510. - In all of the embodiments of
FIGS. 1-13 , the substrate block comprises a high strength porous ceramic as previously described, and is coated with the bio-active surface coating material, again as previously described, to enhance bone ingrowth and fusion. The substrate block may also include one or more therapeutic agents. Persons skilled in the art will recognize and appreciate that the relatively low andhigh porosity regions FIGS. 2-3 will be integrally joined by a suitable albeit relatively narrow gradient region wherein the porosity transitions therebetween. - The improved bone graft such as the illustrative spinal fusion cage of the present invention thus comprises an open-celled substrate block structure which is coated with a bio-active surface coating, and has the strength required for the weight bearing capacity required of a fusion device. The capability of being infused with the appropriate biologic coating agent imparts desirable osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties to the device for enhanced interbody bone ingrowth and fusion, without detracting from essential load bearing characteristics. The radiolucent characteristics of the improved device beneficially accommodate post-operative radiological examination to monitor the bone ingrowth and fusion progress, substantially without undesirable radio-shadowing attributable to the fusion cage. The external serrations or threads formed on the fusion cage may have a variable depth to enable the base of the device to contact the cortical bone for optimal weight bearing capacity. In addition to these benefits, the present invention is easy to manufacture in a cost competitive manner. The invention thus provides a substantial improvement in addressing clinical problems indicated for medical treatment of degenerative disc disease, discogenic low back pain and spondylolisthesis.
- The bone graft of the present invention provides at least the following benefits over the prior art:
-
- [a] a porous osteoconductive scaffold for enhanced fusion rates;
- [b] a bio-mimetic load bearing superstructure providing appropriate stress transmission without fatigue failure;
- [c] a pore structure and size suitable for ingrowth and vascularization,
- [d] the ability to absorb and retain an osteoinductive agent such as autologous bone marrow aspirate or BMPs;
- [e] bio-inert and bio-compatible with adjacent tissue and selected for ease of resorption;
- [f] fabricatable and machinable into various shapes;
- [g] sterilizable; and
- [h] low manufacturing cost.
- A variety of further modifications and improvements in and to the spinal fusion cage of the present invention will be apparent to those persons skilled in the art. In this regard, it will be recognized and understood that the bone graft implant can be formed in the size and shape of a small pellet for suitable packing of multiple implants into a bone regeneration/ingrowth site. Accordingly, no limitation on the invention is intended by way of the foregoing description and accompanying drawings, except as set forth in the appended claims.
Claims (84)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/941,620 US20050049706A1 (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2004-09-14 | Radiolucent spinal fusion cage |
US12/800,219 US20110098818A1 (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2010-05-10 | Radiolucent spinal fusion cage |
US13/468,278 US20120330420A1 (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2012-05-10 | Spinal fusion implants |
US13/538,559 US20130030531A1 (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2012-06-29 | Radiolucent Spinal Fusion Cage |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US28782401P | 2001-05-01 | 2001-05-01 | |
US10/137,108 US6790233B2 (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2002-04-30 | Radiolucent spinal fusion cage |
US10/941,620 US20050049706A1 (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2004-09-14 | Radiolucent spinal fusion cage |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/137,108 Continuation-In-Part US6790233B2 (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2002-04-30 | Radiolucent spinal fusion cage |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/800,219 Division US20110098818A1 (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2010-05-10 | Radiolucent spinal fusion cage |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20050049706A1 true US20050049706A1 (en) | 2005-03-03 |
Family
ID=23104513
Family Applications (5)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/137,108 Expired - Lifetime US6790233B2 (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2002-04-30 | Radiolucent spinal fusion cage |
US10/137,106 Expired - Lifetime US6846327B2 (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2002-04-30 | Radiolucent bone graft |
US10/941,620 Abandoned US20050049706A1 (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2004-09-14 | Radiolucent spinal fusion cage |
US12/800,219 Abandoned US20110098818A1 (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2010-05-10 | Radiolucent spinal fusion cage |
US13/538,559 Abandoned US20130030531A1 (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2012-06-29 | Radiolucent Spinal Fusion Cage |
Family Applications Before (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/137,108 Expired - Lifetime US6790233B2 (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2002-04-30 | Radiolucent spinal fusion cage |
US10/137,106 Expired - Lifetime US6846327B2 (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2002-04-30 | Radiolucent bone graft |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/800,219 Abandoned US20110098818A1 (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2010-05-10 | Radiolucent spinal fusion cage |
US13/538,559 Abandoned US20130030531A1 (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2012-06-29 | Radiolucent Spinal Fusion Cage |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (5) | US6790233B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP1389978B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE419810T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60230739D1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK2055267T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2424614T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT2055267E (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002087475A1 (en) |
Cited By (57)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050071003A1 (en) * | 1999-03-17 | 2005-03-31 | Ku David N. | Poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel |
US20050273178A1 (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2005-12-08 | Boyan Barbara D | Load bearing biocompatible device |
US20050278025A1 (en) * | 2004-06-10 | 2005-12-15 | Salumedica Llc | Meniscus prosthesis |
US20070093898A1 (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2007-04-26 | Schwab Frank J | Transforaminal hybrid implant |
US20070213827A1 (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2007-09-13 | Arramon Yves P | Hardened calcium phosphate cement bone implants |
US20070233248A1 (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2007-10-04 | Schwab Frank J | Anterior hybrid implant |
US20070233247A1 (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2007-10-04 | Schwab Frank J | Hybrid intervertebral spinal fusion implant |
US20080279943A1 (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2008-11-13 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Method of making hydrogel implants |
US20090088849A1 (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-02 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Intervertebral Implant |
WO2010100267A1 (en) | 2009-03-05 | 2010-09-10 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Spinal fusion cage |
US20100256758A1 (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2010-10-07 | Synvasive Technology, Inc. | Monolithic orthopedic implant with an articular finished surface |
US20100268337A1 (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2010-10-21 | Synvasive Technology, Inc. | Monolithic orthopedic implant with an articular finished surface |
US7918876B2 (en) | 2003-03-24 | 2011-04-05 | Theken Spine, Llc | Spinal implant adjustment device |
US20110087231A1 (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2011-04-14 | Light Cure, Llc | Devices and Injectable or Implantable Compositions for Intervertebral Fusion |
US20110125284A1 (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2011-05-26 | University Of Bath | Improvements in or Relating to Joints and/or Implants |
US20110172709A1 (en) * | 2010-01-13 | 2011-07-14 | Kyphon Sarl | Dynamic interspinous process device |
US20120065733A1 (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2012-03-15 | Brian Howard Wieder | Inter-vertebral implant having drain cavities therethrough |
US20120116457A1 (en) * | 2010-11-06 | 2012-05-10 | Limited Liability Company; | Stabilizer for assisting stabilization of a spinal implant and method of using the stabilizer |
US20120123544A1 (en) * | 2010-11-16 | 2012-05-17 | Sean Suh | Intervertebral Spacer and Method of Installation Thereof |
WO2012099852A1 (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2012-07-26 | Cibor, Inc. | Reinforced carbon fiber/carbon foam intervertebral spine fusion device |
US20130110247A1 (en) * | 2011-11-01 | 2013-05-02 | Amedica Corporation | Implants with a Connectable Insert and Related Systems and Methods |
US8623088B1 (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2014-01-07 | Nuvasive, Inc. | Spinal fusion implant and related methods |
US8771354B2 (en) | 2011-10-26 | 2014-07-08 | George J. Picha | Hard-tissue implant |
USD731063S1 (en) | 2009-10-13 | 2015-06-02 | Nuvasive, Inc. | Spinal fusion implant |
US20150257893A1 (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2015-09-17 | Michael Mazzuca | ACIS Allograft Designs |
US9155543B2 (en) | 2011-05-26 | 2015-10-13 | Cartiva, Inc. | Tapered joint implant and related tools |
USD741488S1 (en) | 2006-07-17 | 2015-10-20 | Nuvasive, Inc. | Spinal fusion implant |
US9370609B2 (en) | 2013-01-08 | 2016-06-21 | Praxis Powder Technology, Inc. | High strength injection molded orthopedic devices |
JP2016163706A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2016-09-08 | スメド−ティーエイ/ティーディー・エルエルシー | Orthopaedic implant with porous structural member |
US20170112959A1 (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2017-04-27 | Erik Erbe | Novel osteogenic and angiogenic implant material |
US20170172743A1 (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2017-06-22 | P Tech, Llc | Implant comprising nonbiologic portion and biologic portion |
US9901456B2 (en) | 2010-11-10 | 2018-02-27 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Vertebral body spacer |
US9907663B2 (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2018-03-06 | Cartiva, Inc. | Hydrogel implants with porous materials and methods |
US9925295B2 (en) | 2012-05-09 | 2018-03-27 | Amedica Corporation | Ceramic and/or glass materials and related methods |
US20180177597A1 (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2018-06-28 | The Trustees Of The Stevens Institute Of Technolog Y | 3d printed trans-modular scaffolds for grafting applications in segmental bone defects |
WO2018152077A1 (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2018-08-23 | HD LifeSciences LLC | High x-ray lucency lattice structures and variably x-ray licent markers |
US20190167433A1 (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2019-06-06 | Duke University | Orthopedic implant for sustained drug release |
US10350072B2 (en) | 2012-05-24 | 2019-07-16 | Cartiva, Inc. | Tooling for creating tapered opening in tissue and related methods |
US10624746B2 (en) | 2017-04-01 | 2020-04-21 | HD LifeSciences LLC | Fluid interface system for implants |
US10758374B2 (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2020-09-01 | Cartiva, Inc. | Carpometacarpal (CMC) implants and methods |
US10806831B2 (en) | 2012-05-09 | 2020-10-20 | Sintx Technologies, Inc. | Antibacterial biomedical implants and associated materials, apparatus, and methods |
US10881518B2 (en) | 2017-04-01 | 2021-01-05 | HD LifeSciences LLC | Anisotropic biocompatible lattice structure |
US10918497B1 (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2021-02-16 | Omnia Medical, LLC | Multi-material multi-component spinal implant |
US11013602B2 (en) | 2016-07-08 | 2021-05-25 | Mako Surgical Corp. | Scaffold for alloprosthetic composite implant |
US11123173B2 (en) | 2019-09-11 | 2021-09-21 | Gary A. Zwick | Implant comprising first and second sets of pillars for attaching a tendon or a ligament to a hard tissue |
US11179243B2 (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2021-11-23 | Happe Spine Llc | Implantable devices |
US11213398B2 (en) | 2017-03-10 | 2022-01-04 | Gary A. Zwick | Hard-tissue implant comprising a bulk implant, a face, pillars, slots, and at least one support member |
US11278427B2 (en) | 2018-04-10 | 2022-03-22 | Gary A. Zick, Trustee Of The Everest Trust Uta April 20, 2017 | Spinal interbody cage comprising top and bottom faces with mesh structures, pillars and slots |
US11291558B2 (en) | 2018-07-26 | 2022-04-05 | Nanohive Medical Llc | Dynamic implant fixation plate |
US20220133490A1 (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2022-05-05 | Michael Murray | Methods and Implants for Facet Joint Stabilization or Fusion |
US11324606B2 (en) | 2017-03-10 | 2022-05-10 | Gary A. Zwick | Spinal interbody cage comprising a bulk interbody cage, a top face, a bottom face, pillars, and slots |
DE102021201695A1 (en) | 2021-02-23 | 2022-08-25 | Karl Leibinger Medizintechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Multi-part implant with support element and functional element |
US11497617B2 (en) | 2019-01-16 | 2022-11-15 | Nanohive Medical Llc | Variable depth implants |
US11766339B1 (en) | 2017-10-24 | 2023-09-26 | Omnia Medical, LLC | Multi-material multi-component spinal implant |
US11801141B2 (en) | 2016-06-22 | 2023-10-31 | Aesculap Ag | Medical product, preferably for use during the treatment of a bone cavity, method for producing the medical product, and medical kit |
US11925727B2 (en) | 2021-06-18 | 2024-03-12 | National Taiwan University | Intervertebral fusion device |
US11931266B2 (en) | 2016-06-07 | 2024-03-19 | Nanohive Medical Llc | Implant with independent endplates |
Families Citing this family (216)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8187303B2 (en) | 2004-04-22 | 2012-05-29 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Anti-rotation fixation element for spinal prostheses |
US7691145B2 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2010-04-06 | Facet Solutions, Inc. | Prostheses, systems and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artificial facet joint surfaces |
US6558426B1 (en) | 2000-11-28 | 2003-05-06 | Medidea, Llc | Multiple-cam, posterior-stabilized knee prosthesis |
US20020114795A1 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-08-22 | Thorne Kevin J. | Composition and process for bone growth and repair |
US6949251B2 (en) | 2001-03-02 | 2005-09-27 | Stryker Corporation | Porous β-tricalcium phosphate granules for regeneration of bone tissue |
US7695521B2 (en) * | 2001-05-01 | 2010-04-13 | Amedica Corporation | Hip prosthesis with monoblock ceramic acetabular cup |
US7776085B2 (en) * | 2001-05-01 | 2010-08-17 | Amedica Corporation | Knee prosthesis with ceramic tibial component |
US20050177238A1 (en) * | 2001-05-01 | 2005-08-11 | Khandkar Ashok C. | Radiolucent bone graft |
ATE419810T1 (en) * | 2001-05-01 | 2009-01-15 | Amedica Corp | RADIO-LUCENT BONE TRANSPLANT |
AU2002324443A1 (en) * | 2001-06-14 | 2003-01-02 | Amedica Corporation | Metal-ceramic composite articulation |
US20050164377A1 (en) * | 2001-10-31 | 2005-07-28 | Tomoyuki Miyabayashi | Base material for culturing embryo stem cells and culture method |
WO2003043673A1 (en) * | 2001-11-19 | 2003-05-30 | Scil Technology Gmbh | Device having osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties |
US6793678B2 (en) | 2002-06-27 | 2004-09-21 | Depuy Acromed, Inc. | Prosthetic intervertebral motion disc having dampening |
JP4256345B2 (en) * | 2002-08-15 | 2009-04-22 | コップス,ジャスティン,ケー. | Intervertebral disc implant |
JP4456481B2 (en) | 2002-08-15 | 2010-04-28 | ガーバー,デイヴィッド | Controlled artificial disc implant |
EP1539261B1 (en) * | 2002-09-10 | 2006-04-12 | Scil Technology GmbH | Metal implant coated under reduced oxygen concentration with osteoinductive protein |
US6695760B1 (en) * | 2002-10-11 | 2004-02-24 | Proxima Therapeutics | Treatment of spinal metastases |
WO2004058098A2 (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2004-07-15 | Amedica Corporation | Total disc implant |
WO2004066884A1 (en) | 2003-01-31 | 2004-08-12 | Spinalmotion, Inc. | Intervertebral prosthesis placement instrument |
EP2329778A3 (en) | 2003-01-31 | 2012-06-20 | Spinalmotion, Inc. | Spinal midline indicator |
AU2004212942A1 (en) | 2003-02-14 | 2004-09-02 | Depuy Spine, Inc. | In-situ formed intervertebral fusion device |
US20050021142A1 (en) * | 2003-02-26 | 2005-01-27 | Therics, Inc. | Method of manufacture, installation, and system for a sinus lift bone graft |
US20050113930A1 (en) * | 2003-02-26 | 2005-05-26 | Therics, Inc. | Method of manufacture, installation, and system for an alveolar ridge augmentation graft |
US20040193270A1 (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-09-30 | Depuyacromed, Inc. | Implantable bone graft |
US20040199256A1 (en) * | 2003-04-04 | 2004-10-07 | Chao-Jan Wang | Support device for supporting between spinal vertebrae |
US7509183B2 (en) * | 2003-04-23 | 2009-03-24 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Integrated global layout and local microstructure topology optimization approach for spinal cage design and fabrication |
US7608104B2 (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2009-10-27 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Prostheses, tools and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artifical facet joint surfaces |
US20040230304A1 (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2004-11-18 | Archus Orthopedics Inc. | Prostheses, tools and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artifical facet joint surfaces |
WO2004105638A2 (en) | 2003-05-27 | 2004-12-09 | Spinalmotion, Inc. | Prosthetic disc for intervertebral insertion |
US10052211B2 (en) | 2003-05-27 | 2018-08-21 | Simplify Medical Pty Ltd. | Prosthetic disc for intervertebral insertion |
US7575599B2 (en) | 2004-07-30 | 2009-08-18 | Spinalmotion, Inc. | Intervertebral prosthetic disc with metallic core |
US20040267376A1 (en) * | 2003-06-25 | 2004-12-30 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd) | Ceramic member for medical implant and its production method |
US20040267367A1 (en) | 2003-06-30 | 2004-12-30 | Depuy Acromed, Inc | Intervertebral implant with conformable endplate |
US7074238B2 (en) | 2003-07-08 | 2006-07-11 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Prostheses, tools and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artificial facet joint surfaces |
US8062365B2 (en) | 2003-08-04 | 2011-11-22 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Bone supporting devices with bio-absorbable end members |
US7655010B2 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2010-02-02 | Depuy Spine, Inc. | Vertebral fusion device and method for using same |
JP2007512112A (en) | 2003-11-20 | 2007-05-17 | サイティック コーポレーション | Brachytherapy method and applicator for treatment of metastatic lesions in the burden-bearing region |
US7837732B2 (en) | 2003-11-20 | 2010-11-23 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Intervertebral body fusion cage with keels and implantation methods |
US20050131406A1 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2005-06-16 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses |
US7406775B2 (en) | 2004-04-22 | 2008-08-05 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Implantable orthopedic device component selection instrument and methods |
US7621952B2 (en) * | 2004-06-07 | 2009-11-24 | Dfine, Inc. | Implants and methods for treating bone |
US20060095138A1 (en) | 2004-06-09 | 2006-05-04 | Csaba Truckai | Composites and methods for treating bone |
NL1026712C2 (en) * | 2004-07-23 | 2006-01-24 | Technologiestichting Stw | Bioresorbable bone implant. |
US7585326B2 (en) | 2004-08-06 | 2009-09-08 | Spinalmotion, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for intervertebral disc prosthesis insertion |
CA2576636A1 (en) | 2004-08-18 | 2006-03-02 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Adjacent level facet arthroplasty devices, spine stabilization systems, and methods |
US20060106459A1 (en) * | 2004-08-30 | 2006-05-18 | Csaba Truckai | Bone treatment systems and methods |
US7799081B2 (en) | 2004-09-14 | 2010-09-21 | Aeolin, Llc | System and method for spinal fusion |
US8697139B2 (en) | 2004-09-21 | 2014-04-15 | Frank M. Phillips | Method of intervertebral disc treatment using articular chondrocyte cells |
US20060085075A1 (en) * | 2004-10-04 | 2006-04-20 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Polymeric joint complex and methods of use |
US8221461B2 (en) * | 2004-10-25 | 2012-07-17 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Crossbar spinal prosthesis having a modular design and systems for treating spinal pathologies |
WO2006050493A2 (en) * | 2004-11-03 | 2006-05-11 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Biodegradable implant for intertransverse process fusion |
US8048083B2 (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2011-11-01 | Dfine, Inc. | Bone treatment systems and methods |
US20060111780A1 (en) | 2004-11-22 | 2006-05-25 | Orthopedic Development Corporation | Minimally invasive facet joint hemi-arthroplasty |
US8021392B2 (en) | 2004-11-22 | 2011-09-20 | Minsurg International, Inc. | Methods and surgical kits for minimally-invasive facet joint fusion |
US20060111779A1 (en) | 2004-11-22 | 2006-05-25 | Orthopedic Development Corporation, A Florida Corporation | Minimally invasive facet joint fusion |
ATE524121T1 (en) | 2004-11-24 | 2011-09-15 | Abdou Samy | DEVICES FOR PLACING AN ORTHOPEDIC INTERVERTEBRAL IMPLANT |
US8083797B2 (en) | 2005-02-04 | 2011-12-27 | Spinalmotion, Inc. | Intervertebral prosthetic disc with shock absorption |
US8496686B2 (en) * | 2005-03-22 | 2013-07-30 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Minimally invasive spine restoration systems, devices, methods and kits |
US20060257449A1 (en) * | 2005-05-16 | 2006-11-16 | Didier Billy | Methods, compositions, systems, and devices for bone fusion |
EP1912596A1 (en) * | 2005-08-10 | 2008-04-23 | Synthes GmbH | Porous implant |
US7927373B2 (en) | 2005-10-31 | 2011-04-19 | Depuy Spine, Inc. | Intervertebral disc prosthesis |
JP2009516544A (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2009-04-23 | セラマテック・インク | Porous load-bearing ceramic or metal implant |
WO2007126428A2 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2007-11-08 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Arthroplasty revision system and method |
US20070179618A1 (en) * | 2006-01-31 | 2007-08-02 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Intervertebral prosthetic disc |
US20070179615A1 (en) * | 2006-01-31 | 2007-08-02 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Intervertebral prosthetic disc |
US20070233250A1 (en) * | 2006-02-07 | 2007-10-04 | Shadduck John H | Systems for treating bone |
US9327056B2 (en) * | 2006-02-14 | 2016-05-03 | Washington State University | Bone replacement materials |
US8252058B2 (en) | 2006-02-16 | 2012-08-28 | Amedica Corporation | Spinal implant with elliptical articulatory interface |
US20070198093A1 (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2007-08-23 | Amedica Corporation | Spinal implant with offset keels |
US8734519B2 (en) | 2006-04-12 | 2014-05-27 | Spinalmotion, Inc. | Posterior spinal device and method |
ATE538740T1 (en) * | 2006-04-20 | 2012-01-15 | Depuy Spine Inc | INSTRUMENT SET FOR DISPENSING A VISCOUS BONE FILLER MATERIAL |
US9028871B2 (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2015-05-12 | Washington State University | Resorbable ceramics with controlled strength loss rates |
US8916198B2 (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2014-12-23 | Washington State University | Mesoporous calcium silicate compositions and methods for synthesis of mesoporous calcium silicate for controlled release of bioactive agents |
WO2007130648A2 (en) * | 2006-05-05 | 2007-11-15 | Ceramatec, Inc. | Fully or partially bioresorbable orthopedic implant |
US8034110B2 (en) | 2006-07-31 | 2011-10-11 | Depuy Spine, Inc. | Spinal fusion implant |
WO2008019397A2 (en) | 2006-08-11 | 2008-02-14 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Angled washer polyaxial connection for dynamic spine prosthesis |
US20080119845A1 (en) * | 2006-09-25 | 2008-05-22 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Facet replacement device removal and revision systems and methods |
US20100076501A1 (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2010-03-25 | Adam S. Hacking | Method and device for bone regeneration |
FR2907664B1 (en) * | 2006-10-27 | 2009-10-16 | Dedienne Sante Sa | FEMORAL IMPLANT OF HIP PROSTHESIS AND INSTRUMENT FOR THE PLACEMENT OF THIS IMPLANT ON A FEMUR |
US9439948B2 (en) * | 2006-10-30 | 2016-09-13 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Degradable cage coated with mineral layers for spinal interbody fusion |
US8105382B2 (en) | 2006-12-07 | 2012-01-31 | Interventional Spine, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US7718616B2 (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2010-05-18 | Zimmer Orthobiologics, Inc. | Bone growth particles and osteoinductive composition thereof |
EP1961433A1 (en) * | 2007-02-20 | 2008-08-27 | National University of Ireland Galway | Porous substrates for implantation |
US8491656B2 (en) * | 2007-04-05 | 2013-07-23 | George R. Schoedinger, III | Arthrodesis of vertebral bodies |
US8241357B2 (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2012-08-14 | Jmea Corporation | Prosthesis with a selectively applied bone growth promoting agent |
US8257395B2 (en) * | 2007-09-21 | 2012-09-04 | Jmea Corporation | Spinal fixation with selectively applied bone growth promoting agent |
US20090048675A1 (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2009-02-19 | Bhatnagar Mohit K | Spinal Fusion Implants with Selectively Applied Bone Growth Promoting Agent |
ITTO20070373A1 (en) | 2007-05-29 | 2008-11-30 | Torino Politecnico | ACETABULAR CUP CERAMIC MONOBLOCK FOR HIP PROSTHESIS. |
US8900307B2 (en) | 2007-06-26 | 2014-12-02 | DePuy Synthes Products, LLC | Highly lordosed fusion cage |
US20090043391A1 (en) | 2007-08-09 | 2009-02-12 | Spinalmotion, Inc. | Customized Intervertebral Prosthetic Disc with Shock Absorption |
EP2200672B1 (en) | 2007-09-11 | 2012-06-27 | Solvay Specialty Polymers USA, LLC. | Improved prosthetic devices |
US8128703B2 (en) | 2007-09-28 | 2012-03-06 | Depuy Products, Inc. | Fixed-bearing knee prosthesis having interchangeable components |
US8632600B2 (en) | 2007-09-25 | 2014-01-21 | Depuy (Ireland) | Prosthesis with modular extensions |
US9204967B2 (en) | 2007-09-28 | 2015-12-08 | Depuy (Ireland) | Fixed-bearing knee prosthesis having interchangeable components |
US8758441B2 (en) | 2007-10-22 | 2014-06-24 | Spinalmotion, Inc. | Vertebral body replacement and method for spanning a space formed upon removal of a vertebral body |
US8182538B2 (en) * | 2007-10-31 | 2012-05-22 | Depuy Spine, Inc. | Expandable fusion cage |
CN101909548B (en) | 2008-01-17 | 2014-07-30 | 斯恩蒂斯有限公司 | An expandable intervertebral implant and associated method of manufacturing the same |
US9445854B2 (en) | 2008-02-01 | 2016-09-20 | Dfine, Inc. | Bone treatment systems and methods |
ES2483996T3 (en) | 2008-02-28 | 2014-08-08 | Dfine, Inc. | Bone treatment systems and methods |
EP2273952B1 (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2018-02-21 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Intervertebral implant devices for supporting vertebrae and devices for insertion thereof |
WO2009124269A1 (en) | 2008-04-05 | 2009-10-08 | Synthes Usa, Llc | Expandable intervertebral implant |
US9034038B2 (en) | 2008-04-11 | 2015-05-19 | Spinalmotion, Inc. | Motion limiting insert for an artificial intervertebral disc |
KR20110009216A (en) | 2008-05-05 | 2011-01-27 | 스피날모우션, 인코포레이티드 | Polyaryletherketone artificial intervertebral disc |
US8871142B2 (en) * | 2008-05-22 | 2014-10-28 | DePuy Synthes Products, LLC | Implants with roughened surfaces |
US20090304775A1 (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2009-12-10 | Joshi Ashok V | Drug-Exuding Orthopedic Implant |
US8192498B2 (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2012-06-05 | Depuy Products, Inc. | Posterior cructiate-retaining orthopaedic knee prosthesis having controlled condylar curvature |
US8206451B2 (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2012-06-26 | Depuy Products, Inc. | Posterior stabilized orthopaedic prosthesis |
US9168145B2 (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2015-10-27 | Depuy (Ireland) | Posterior stabilized orthopaedic knee prosthesis having controlled condylar curvature |
US8187335B2 (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2012-05-29 | Depuy Products, Inc. | Posterior stabilized orthopaedic knee prosthesis having controlled condylar curvature |
US9119723B2 (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2015-09-01 | Depuy (Ireland) | Posterior stabilized orthopaedic prosthesis assembly |
US8236061B2 (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2012-08-07 | Depuy Products, Inc. | Orthopaedic knee prosthesis having controlled condylar curvature |
US8828086B2 (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2014-09-09 | Depuy (Ireland) | Orthopaedic femoral component having controlled condylar curvature |
US9220603B2 (en) | 2008-07-02 | 2015-12-29 | Simplify Medical, Inc. | Limited motion prosthetic intervertebral disc |
EP2299944A4 (en) | 2008-07-17 | 2013-07-31 | Spinalmotion Inc | Artificial intervertebral disc placement system |
EP2299941A1 (en) | 2008-07-18 | 2011-03-30 | Spinalmotion Inc. | Posterior prosthetic intervertebral disc |
US20100094426A1 (en) * | 2008-10-14 | 2010-04-15 | Grohowski Jr Joseph A | Hybrid intervertebral spinal implant |
US20100158209A1 (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2010-06-24 | General Instrument Corporation | Access to Network Based on Automatic Speech-Recognition |
GB0900269D0 (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2009-02-11 | Univ Aberdeen | Silicate-substituted hydroxyapatite |
US8287572B2 (en) | 2009-02-11 | 2012-10-16 | Howmedica Osteonics Corp. | Intervertebral implant with integrated fixation |
WO2010093950A1 (en) * | 2009-02-12 | 2010-08-19 | Osteotech, Inc. | Delivery system cartridge |
US20100262245A1 (en) * | 2009-02-18 | 2010-10-14 | Alfaro Arthur A | Intervertebral spacer |
US9526620B2 (en) | 2009-03-30 | 2016-12-27 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Zero profile spinal fusion cage |
US11213397B2 (en) | 2009-05-21 | 2022-01-04 | Depuy Ireland Unlimited Company | Prosthesis with surfaces having different textures and method of making the prosthesis |
US9101476B2 (en) * | 2009-05-21 | 2015-08-11 | Depuy (Ireland) | Prosthesis with surfaces having different textures and method of making the prosthesis |
EP2272466A1 (en) | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-12 | Medizinische Hochschule Hannover | Knee joint prosthesis and method for producing said prosthesis |
US9399086B2 (en) * | 2009-07-24 | 2016-07-26 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc | Implantable medical devices |
JP2013507184A (en) * | 2009-10-07 | 2013-03-04 | バイオ2 テクノロジーズ,インク. | Devices and methods for tissue engineering |
MX2012004919A (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2012-08-15 | Prosidyan Inc | Bone graft material. |
DK2617392T3 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2015-02-16 | Depuy Synthes Products Llc | Prosthesis with surfaces with different textures |
US8764806B2 (en) | 2009-12-07 | 2014-07-01 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for minimally invasive spinal stabilization and instrumentation |
US9168138B2 (en) | 2009-12-09 | 2015-10-27 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Aspirating implants and method of bony regeneration |
US9393129B2 (en) | 2009-12-10 | 2016-07-19 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Bellows-like expandable interbody fusion cage |
US9011547B2 (en) * | 2010-01-21 | 2015-04-21 | Depuy (Ireland) | Knee prosthesis system |
IT1398443B1 (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2013-02-22 | Lima Lto S P A Ora Limacorporate Spa | INTEGRATED PROSTHETIC ELEMENT |
CA2793185C (en) | 2010-03-16 | 2019-02-12 | Pinnacle Spine Group, Llc | Intervertebral implants and graft delivery systems and methods |
ES2911190T3 (en) | 2010-05-11 | 2022-05-18 | Howmedica Osteonics Corp | Organophosphorus compounds, multivalent metals and polymeric adhesive interpenetrating network compositions and methods |
US8979860B2 (en) | 2010-06-24 | 2015-03-17 | DePuy Synthes Products. LLC | Enhanced cage insertion device |
US9907560B2 (en) | 2010-06-24 | 2018-03-06 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Flexible vertebral body shavers |
TW201215379A (en) | 2010-06-29 | 2012-04-16 | Synthes Gmbh | Distractible intervertebral implant |
US8468673B2 (en) | 2010-09-10 | 2013-06-25 | Bio2 Technologies, Inc. | Method of fabricating a porous orthopedic implant |
US9402732B2 (en) | 2010-10-11 | 2016-08-02 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Expandable interspinous process spacer implant |
WO2012051420A2 (en) * | 2010-10-13 | 2012-04-19 | Cibor, Inc. | Synthetic bone grafts constructed from carbon foam materials |
CN103313733A (en) | 2010-11-15 | 2013-09-18 | 捷迈整形外科生物材料有限公司 | Bone void fillers |
US9034048B2 (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2015-05-19 | John A. Choren | Orthopaedic implants and methods of forming implant structures |
CN102274092B (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2014-06-18 | 张旗 | Allograft cage capable of inducing DBM (demineralized bone matrix) compound lumbar interbody fusion and supporting tool thereof |
US20140236312A1 (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2014-08-21 | Mark R. Appleford | Cortical bone scaffold for guided osteon regeneration in load-bearing orthopaedic applications |
US8765189B2 (en) | 2011-05-13 | 2014-07-01 | Howmedica Osteonic Corp. | Organophosphorous and multivalent metal compound compositions and methods |
US8845728B1 (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2014-09-30 | Samy Abdou | Spinal fixation devices and methods of use |
CN102319129B (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2015-05-20 | 北京爱康宜诚医疗器材股份有限公司 | Fusion prosthesis |
US9380932B1 (en) | 2011-11-02 | 2016-07-05 | Pinnacle Spine Group, Llc | Retractor devices for minimally invasive access to the spine |
US20130226240A1 (en) | 2012-02-22 | 2013-08-29 | Samy Abdou | Spinous process fixation devices and methods of use |
ITUD20120059A1 (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2013-10-07 | Limacorporate Spa | PROSTHETIC ELEMENT FOR BONE ENDS WHAT FINGERS OR TEETH AND ITS RELATION PROCEDURE |
DE102013213395A1 (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2014-01-16 | Ceramtec Gmbh | Ceramic component for fusion of vertebral bodies |
US9198767B2 (en) | 2012-08-28 | 2015-12-01 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for spinal stabilization and instrumentation |
US10201433B2 (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2019-02-12 | Tyber Medical Llc | System and method for correcting scoliosis |
WO2015057604A1 (en) | 2012-10-19 | 2015-04-23 | Tyber Medical Llc | Wedge osteotomy device and method of use |
US9320617B2 (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2016-04-26 | Cogent Spine, LLC | Devices and methods for spinal stabilization and instrumentation |
US9522070B2 (en) | 2013-03-07 | 2016-12-20 | Interventional Spine, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
WO2014159739A1 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2014-10-02 | Pinnacle Spine Group, Llc | Interbody implants and graft delivery systems |
US9649197B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2017-05-16 | Amedica Corporation | Thin-walled implant structures and related methods |
US9119732B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-09-01 | Orthocision, Inc. | Method and implant system for sacroiliac joint fixation and fusion |
US9517136B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-12-13 | Amedica Corporation | Variable-density implants and related methods and systems |
US9295565B2 (en) | 2013-10-18 | 2016-03-29 | Spine Wave, Inc. | Method of expanding an intradiscal space and providing an osteoconductive path during expansion |
US9867641B2 (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2018-01-16 | Brahm Holdings, Llc | Spinal graft |
US10022172B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2018-07-17 | Spine Wave, Inc. | Minimally invasive posterolateral fusion |
EP3240563B1 (en) | 2014-12-29 | 2020-12-09 | Bioventus LLC | Systems and methods for improved delivery of osteoinductive molecules in bone repair |
JP6860290B2 (en) | 2015-01-14 | 2021-04-14 | ストライカー・ユーロピアン・ホールディングス・I,リミテッド・ライアビリティ・カンパニー | Spine implant with fluid delivery capability |
AU2016200179B2 (en) | 2015-01-14 | 2020-09-17 | Stryker European Operations Holdings Llc | Spinal implant with porous and solid surfaces |
US11426290B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2022-08-30 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Expandable intervertebral implant, system, kit and method |
US11666445B2 (en) | 2015-03-20 | 2023-06-06 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Customized load-bearing and bioactive functionally-graded implant for treatment of osteonecrosis |
WO2016154063A1 (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2016-09-29 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior Univeristy | Customized load-bearing and bioactive functionally-graded implant for treatment of osteonecrosis |
US10709570B2 (en) | 2015-04-29 | 2020-07-14 | Institute for Musculoskeletal Science and Education, Ltd. | Implant with a diagonal insertion axis |
EP3760166A1 (en) | 2015-04-29 | 2021-01-06 | Institute For Musculoskeletal Science And Education, Ltd. | Coiled implants and systems |
US10449051B2 (en) | 2015-04-29 | 2019-10-22 | Institute for Musculoskeletal Science and Education, Ltd. | Implant with curved bone contacting elements |
US10492921B2 (en) | 2015-04-29 | 2019-12-03 | Institute for Musculoskeletal Science and Education, Ltd. | Implant with arched bone contacting elements |
CA2930123A1 (en) | 2015-05-18 | 2016-11-18 | Stryker European Holdings I, Llc | Partially resorbable implants and methods |
WO2016204711A1 (en) | 2015-06-16 | 2016-12-22 | Spine Wave, Inc. | Instrument and system for placing graft, implant and graft material for minimally invasive posterolateral fusion |
WO2017027426A1 (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2017-02-16 | Amedica Corporation | Improved ceramic and/or glass materials and related methods |
US10857003B1 (en) | 2015-10-14 | 2020-12-08 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for vertebral stabilization |
WO2017192632A1 (en) | 2016-05-03 | 2017-11-09 | Additive Orthopaedics, LLC | Bone fixation device and method of use |
WO2017210695A1 (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2017-12-07 | Additive Orthopaedics, LLC | Bone fixation devices |
CA3026660A1 (en) * | 2016-06-10 | 2017-12-14 | Bioventus, Llc | Protein delivery with porous metallic structure |
JP6995789B2 (en) | 2016-06-28 | 2022-01-17 | イーアイティー・エマージング・インプラント・テクノロジーズ・ゲーエムベーハー | Expandable and angle adjustable intervertebral cage |
JP7019616B2 (en) | 2016-06-28 | 2022-02-15 | イーアイティー・エマージング・インプラント・テクノロジーズ・ゲーエムベーハー | Expandable and angle adjustable intervertebral cage with range of motion joints |
WO2018023131A1 (en) | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-01 | Additive Orthopaedics, LLC | Bone fixation device and method of use |
US10973648B1 (en) | 2016-10-25 | 2021-04-13 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for vertebral bone realignment |
US10744000B1 (en) | 2016-10-25 | 2020-08-18 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for vertebral bone realignment |
US10478312B2 (en) | 2016-10-25 | 2019-11-19 | Institute for Musculoskeletal Science and Education, Ltd. | Implant with protected fusion zones |
US10888433B2 (en) | 2016-12-14 | 2021-01-12 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Intervertebral implant inserter and related methods |
US10213317B2 (en) | 2017-03-13 | 2019-02-26 | Institute for Musculoskeletal Science and Education | Implant with supported helical members |
US10667924B2 (en) | 2017-03-13 | 2020-06-02 | Institute for Musculoskeletal Science and Education, Ltd. | Corpectomy implant |
US10512549B2 (en) | 2017-03-13 | 2019-12-24 | Institute for Musculoskeletal Science and Education, Ltd. | Implant with structural members arranged around a ring |
US10357377B2 (en) | 2017-03-13 | 2019-07-23 | Institute for Musculoskeletal Science and Education, Ltd. | Implant with bone contacting elements having helical and undulating planar geometries |
US10537661B2 (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2020-01-21 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Orthopedic implant having a crystalline calcium phosphate coating and methods for making the same |
US10537658B2 (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2020-01-21 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Orthopedic implant having a crystalline gallium-containing hydroxyapatite coating and methods for making the same |
US10398563B2 (en) | 2017-05-08 | 2019-09-03 | Medos International Sarl | Expandable cage |
US11344424B2 (en) | 2017-06-14 | 2022-05-31 | Medos International Sarl | Expandable intervertebral implant and related methods |
US10940016B2 (en) | 2017-07-05 | 2021-03-09 | Medos International Sarl | Expandable intervertebral fusion cage |
JP2020533070A (en) | 2017-09-08 | 2020-11-19 | パイオニア サージカル テクノロジー インコーポレイテッド | Intervertebral implants, instruments, and methods |
EP3459502A1 (en) | 2017-09-20 | 2019-03-27 | Stryker European Holdings I, LLC | Spinal implants |
USD907771S1 (en) | 2017-10-09 | 2021-01-12 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US10744001B2 (en) | 2017-11-21 | 2020-08-18 | Institute for Musculoskeletal Science and Education, Ltd. | Implant with improved bone contact |
US10695192B2 (en) | 2018-01-31 | 2020-06-30 | Institute for Musculoskeletal Science and Education, Ltd. | Implant with internal support members |
US11147679B2 (en) | 2018-02-05 | 2021-10-19 | Paragon Advanced Technologies, Inc. | Bone fixation device |
US11065126B2 (en) | 2018-08-09 | 2021-07-20 | Stryker European Operations Holdings Llc | Interbody implants and optimization features thereof |
US20210290827A1 (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2021-09-23 | Osaka University | Artificial bone and manufacturing method of artificial bone |
US11179248B2 (en) | 2018-10-02 | 2021-11-23 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for spinal implantation |
US11446156B2 (en) | 2018-10-25 | 2022-09-20 | Medos International Sarl | Expandable intervertebral implant, inserter instrument, and related methods |
US11058550B2 (en) | 2019-10-04 | 2021-07-13 | Pain TEQ, LLC | Allograft implant for fusing a sacroiliac joint |
US11154402B1 (en) | 2019-10-04 | 2021-10-26 | Pain TEQ, LLC | Instrumentation for fusing a sacroiliac joint |
CA3156505A1 (en) | 2019-10-04 | 2021-04-08 | Pain TEQ, LLC | Drill-less method of fusing a sacroiliac joint |
US11426286B2 (en) | 2020-03-06 | 2022-08-30 | Eit Emerging Implant Technologies Gmbh | Expandable intervertebral implant |
US11357645B2 (en) | 2020-04-17 | 2022-06-14 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Implant with graded radiopacity calibration feature |
US11850160B2 (en) | 2021-03-26 | 2023-12-26 | Medos International Sarl | Expandable lordotic intervertebral fusion cage |
US11752009B2 (en) | 2021-04-06 | 2023-09-12 | Medos International Sarl | Expandable intervertebral fusion cage |
US11931053B2 (en) | 2022-08-04 | 2024-03-19 | PTL Opco, LLC | Single-use joint decorticator apparatus |
Citations (85)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3867728A (en) * | 1971-12-30 | 1975-02-25 | Cutter Lab | Prosthesis for spinal repair |
US4072532A (en) * | 1975-11-20 | 1978-02-07 | Nasa | High temperature resistant cermet and ceramic compositions |
US4327449A (en) * | 1979-07-10 | 1982-05-04 | Charnley Surgical Inventions Limited | Acetabular prosthesis |
US4695282A (en) * | 1986-01-23 | 1987-09-22 | Osteonics Corp. | Acetabular cup assembly with selective bearing face orientation |
US4743256A (en) * | 1985-10-04 | 1988-05-10 | Brantigan John W | Surgical prosthetic implant facilitating vertebral interbody fusion and method |
US4759766A (en) * | 1984-09-04 | 1988-07-26 | Humboldt-Universitaet Zu Berlin | Intervertebral disc endoprosthesis |
US5098449A (en) * | 1990-08-24 | 1992-03-24 | The Dow Chemical Company | Self-reinforced silicon nitride ceramic with crystalline grain boundary phase, and a method of preparing the same |
US5152791A (en) * | 1989-12-07 | 1992-10-06 | Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. | Prosthetic artificial bone having ceramic layers of different porosity |
US5158726A (en) * | 1987-01-20 | 1992-10-27 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Process for production of ceramic shaped product having granule layer on the surface and ceramic implant material |
US5192327A (en) * | 1991-03-22 | 1993-03-09 | Brantigan John W | Surgical prosthetic implant for vertebrae |
US5314477A (en) * | 1990-03-07 | 1994-05-24 | J.B.S. Limited Company | Prosthesis for intervertebral discs and instruments for implanting it |
US5401269A (en) * | 1992-03-13 | 1995-03-28 | Waldemar Link Gmbh & Co. | Intervertebral disc endoprosthesis |
US5425772A (en) * | 1993-09-20 | 1995-06-20 | Brantigan; John W. | Prosthetic implant for intervertebral spinal fusion |
US5459766A (en) * | 1993-04-05 | 1995-10-17 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Digital phase-locked loop |
US5462563A (en) * | 1991-01-17 | 1995-10-31 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Orthopaedic implant |
US5464440A (en) * | 1992-01-13 | 1995-11-07 | Lucocer Aktiebolag | Porous implant with two sets of pores |
US5549704A (en) * | 1994-09-08 | 1996-08-27 | Sutter; Franz | Universal joint prosthesis |
US5556815A (en) * | 1992-12-23 | 1996-09-17 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | High temperature resistant silicon nitride ceramic |
US5609635A (en) * | 1988-06-28 | 1997-03-11 | Michelson; Gary K. | Lordotic interbody spinal fusion implants |
US5697980A (en) * | 1991-04-19 | 1997-12-16 | Mitsubishi Chem Corp | Artificial filling and prosthetic material |
US5702449A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1997-12-30 | Danek Medical, Inc. | Reinforced porous spinal implants |
US5776199A (en) * | 1988-06-28 | 1998-07-07 | Sofamor Danek Properties | Artificial spinal fusion implants |
US5782832A (en) * | 1996-10-01 | 1998-07-21 | Surgical Dynamics, Inc. | Spinal fusion implant and method of insertion thereof |
US5785710A (en) * | 1988-06-13 | 1998-07-28 | Sofamor Danek Group, Inc. | Interbody spinal fusion implants |
US5826586A (en) * | 1995-03-17 | 1998-10-27 | Smith & Nephew, Inc. | Methods for producing medical implants with roughened, particulate-free surfaces |
US5861041A (en) * | 1997-04-07 | 1999-01-19 | Arthit Sitiso | Intervertebral disk prosthesis and method of making the same |
US5871547A (en) * | 1996-03-01 | 1999-02-16 | Saint-Gobain/Norton Industrial Ceramics Corp. | Hip joint prosthesis having a zirconia head and a ceramic cup |
US5879404A (en) * | 1996-04-23 | 1999-03-09 | Biomet Limited | Acetabular cups and methods of their manufacture |
US5879407A (en) * | 1997-07-17 | 1999-03-09 | Waggener; Herbert A. | Wear resistant ball and socket joint |
US5888226A (en) * | 1997-11-12 | 1999-03-30 | Rogozinski; Chaim | Intervertebral prosthetic disc |
US5888222A (en) * | 1995-10-16 | 1999-03-30 | Sdgi Holding, Inc. | Intervertebral spacers |
US5888223A (en) * | 1995-12-08 | 1999-03-30 | Bray, Jr.; Robert S. | Anterior stabilization device |
US5899939A (en) * | 1998-01-21 | 1999-05-04 | Osteotech, Inc. | Bone-derived implant for load-supporting applications |
US5904720A (en) * | 1996-11-12 | 1999-05-18 | Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc. | Hip joint prosthesis |
US5908796A (en) * | 1998-05-01 | 1999-06-01 | Saint-Gobain Industrial Ceramics, Inc. | Dense silicon nitride ceramic having fine grained titanium carbide |
US6013591A (en) * | 1997-01-16 | 2000-01-11 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Nanocrystalline apatites and composites, prostheses incorporating them, and method for their production |
US6033738A (en) * | 1997-06-24 | 2000-03-07 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. | Method for producing water-repellent articles, water-repellent articles obtained thereby, and solution for forming water-repellent film |
US6037519A (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 2000-03-14 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Ceramic fusion implants and compositions |
US6039763A (en) * | 1998-10-27 | 2000-03-21 | Disc Replacement Technologies, Inc. | Articulating spinal disc prosthesis |
US6039762A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 2000-03-21 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Reinforced bone graft substitutes |
US6090144A (en) * | 1998-05-12 | 2000-07-18 | Letot; Patrick | Synthetic knee system |
US6110205A (en) * | 1997-06-21 | 2000-08-29 | Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung | Implant material having an excipient/active compound combination |
US6113638A (en) * | 1999-02-26 | 2000-09-05 | Williams; Lytton A. | Method and apparatus for intervertebral implant anchorage |
US6136029A (en) * | 1997-10-01 | 2000-10-24 | Phillips-Origen Ceramic Technology, Llc | Bone substitute materials |
US6149686A (en) * | 1989-07-06 | 2000-11-21 | Sulzer Spine-Tech Inc. | Threaded spinal implant with bone ingrowth openings |
US6149688A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 2000-11-21 | Surgical Dynamics, Inc. | Artificial bone graft implant |
US6261586B1 (en) * | 1997-06-11 | 2001-07-17 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Bone graft composites and spacers |
US6277149B1 (en) * | 1999-06-08 | 2001-08-21 | Osteotech, Inc. | Ramp-shaped intervertebral implant |
US6296667B1 (en) * | 1997-10-01 | 2001-10-02 | Phillips-Origen Ceramic Technology, Llc | Bone substitutes |
US6302913B1 (en) * | 1994-05-24 | 2001-10-16 | Implico B.V. | Biomaterial and bone implant for bone repair and replacement |
US6371988B1 (en) * | 1996-10-23 | 2002-04-16 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Bone grafts |
US6376573B1 (en) * | 1994-12-21 | 2002-04-23 | Interpore International | Porous biomaterials and methods for their manufacture |
US20020062154A1 (en) * | 2000-09-22 | 2002-05-23 | Ayers Reed A. | Non-uniform porosity tissue implant |
US6398811B1 (en) * | 1998-08-06 | 2002-06-04 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Composited intervertebral bone spacers |
US20020143403A1 (en) * | 2001-01-02 | 2002-10-03 | Vaidyanathan K. Ranji | Compositions and methods for biomedical applications |
US20030009225A1 (en) * | 2001-05-01 | 2003-01-09 | Khandkar Ashok C. | Radiolucent bone graft |
US6517580B1 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2003-02-11 | Scient'x Societe A Responsabilite Limited | Disk prosthesis for cervical vertebrae |
US20030050709A1 (en) * | 2001-02-23 | 2003-03-13 | Ulrich Noth | Trabecular bone-derived human mesenchymal stem cells |
US20030153984A1 (en) * | 2001-06-14 | 2003-08-14 | Amedica Corporation | Metal-ceramic composite articulation |
US6610097B2 (en) * | 2000-03-15 | 2003-08-26 | Depuy Orthopaedics, Inc. | Prosthetic cup assembly which includes components possessing self-locking taper and associated method |
US6613091B1 (en) * | 1995-03-27 | 2003-09-02 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Spinal fusion implants and tools for insertion and revision |
US20040024462A1 (en) * | 2002-04-12 | 2004-02-05 | Ferree Bret A. | Spacerless artificial disc replacements |
US6736849B2 (en) * | 1998-03-11 | 2004-05-18 | Depuy Products, Inc. | Surface-mineralized spinal implants |
US6740118B2 (en) * | 2002-01-09 | 2004-05-25 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Intervertebral prosthetic joint |
US6743256B2 (en) * | 2000-10-11 | 2004-06-01 | Michael D. Mason | Graftless spinal fusion device |
US6758849B1 (en) * | 1995-02-17 | 2004-07-06 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Interbody spinal fusion implants |
US20040133281A1 (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2004-07-08 | Khandkar Ashok C. | Total disc implant |
US20040143332A1 (en) * | 2002-10-31 | 2004-07-22 | Krueger David J. | Movable disc implant |
US20040172135A1 (en) * | 2002-10-29 | 2004-09-02 | St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc. | Artificial vertebral disk replacement implant with crossbar spacer and method |
US20040176845A1 (en) * | 2003-03-06 | 2004-09-09 | Rafail Zubok | Cervical disc replacement |
US20040220679A1 (en) * | 2003-05-01 | 2004-11-04 | Diaz Robert L. | Hybrid ceramic composite implants |
US20040225365A1 (en) * | 2003-02-12 | 2004-11-11 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Articular disc prosthesis for transforaminal insertion |
US6818020B2 (en) * | 1993-06-01 | 2004-11-16 | Howmedica Osteonics Corp. | Non-oxidizing polymeric medical implant |
US20050055098A1 (en) * | 2003-09-10 | 2005-03-10 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Artificial spinal discs and associated implantation and revision methods |
US20050060040A1 (en) * | 2003-09-15 | 2005-03-17 | Benoist Girard Sas | Prosthetic acetabular cup and prosthetic femoral joint incorporating such a cup |
US20050079200A1 (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2005-04-14 | Jorg Rathenow | Biocompatibly coated medical implants |
US20050177240A1 (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2005-08-11 | Jason Blain | Vertebral facet joint prosthesis and method of fixation |
US20050177238A1 (en) * | 2001-05-01 | 2005-08-11 | Khandkar Ashok C. | Radiolucent bone graft |
US20050216092A1 (en) * | 2004-03-23 | 2005-09-29 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Constrained artificial implant for orthopaedic applications |
US6989030B1 (en) * | 1999-11-11 | 2006-01-24 | Japan Tissue Engineering Co., Ltd. | Transplant material and method for fabricating the same |
US20060052875A1 (en) * | 2001-05-01 | 2006-03-09 | Amedica Corporation | Knee prosthesis with ceramic tibial component |
US7051417B2 (en) * | 1999-12-08 | 2006-05-30 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Method for forming an orthopedic implant surface configuration |
US20060142862A1 (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2006-06-29 | Robert Diaz | Ball and dual socket joint |
US7105030B2 (en) * | 1998-05-14 | 2006-09-12 | Hayes Medical, Inc. | Implant with composite coating |
US7166129B2 (en) * | 1999-12-08 | 2007-01-23 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Method for forming a spinal implant surface configuration |
Family Cites Families (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4000525A (en) * | 1975-08-21 | 1977-01-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Ceramic prosthetic implant suitable for a knee joint plateau |
US4237559A (en) * | 1979-05-11 | 1980-12-09 | General Electric Company | Bone implant embodying a composite high and low density fired ceramic construction |
JPS62202884A (en) * | 1986-02-28 | 1987-09-07 | 工業技術院長 | Live body substitute ceramic material |
US7534254B1 (en) * | 1988-06-13 | 2009-05-19 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Threaded frusto-conical interbody spinal fusion implants |
EP0411208A1 (en) * | 1989-07-04 | 1991-02-06 | TDK Corporation | Ceramic material and method for making the same |
US5059193A (en) * | 1989-11-20 | 1991-10-22 | Spine-Tech, Inc. | Expandable spinal implant and surgical method |
US5278051A (en) * | 1991-12-12 | 1994-01-11 | New York University | Construction of geometrical objects from polynucleotides |
US5712366A (en) * | 1993-05-25 | 1998-01-27 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Fabrication of nanoscale materials using self-assembling proteins |
US5877279A (en) * | 1994-10-13 | 1999-03-02 | Nanoframes, Llc | Materials for the production of nanometer structures and use thereof |
CA2207336A1 (en) * | 1994-12-09 | 1996-06-13 | Jean-Louis Chevalier | Adjustable vertebral body replacement |
US6072044A (en) * | 1996-04-26 | 2000-06-06 | New York University | Nanoconstructions of geometrical objects and lattices from antiparallel nucleic acid double crossover molecules |
US5948897A (en) * | 1996-06-14 | 1999-09-07 | Simon Fraser University | Method of binding two or more DNA double helices and products formed |
US6033438A (en) * | 1997-06-03 | 2000-03-07 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Open intervertebral spacer |
FR2769827B1 (en) * | 1997-10-17 | 2000-05-19 | Sdm | IMPLANT FOR INTERSOMATIC SPINAL ARTHRODESIS |
CA2328593C (en) * | 1998-05-20 | 2011-07-12 | Integrated Nano-Technologies, Llc | Chemically assembled nano-scale devices |
US6107038A (en) * | 1998-08-14 | 2000-08-22 | Agilent Technologies Inc. | Method of binding a plurality of chemicals on a substrate by electrophoretic self-assembly |
US6494883B1 (en) * | 2000-05-26 | 2002-12-17 | Bret A. Ferree | Bone reinforcers |
AU2001249367A1 (en) * | 2000-03-22 | 2001-10-03 | Synthes (U.S.A.) | Skeletal reconstruction cages |
DE10015614B4 (en) | 2000-03-29 | 2009-02-19 | Ceramtec Ag | Porous sintered body with porous layer on the surface and process for its preparation and its uses |
US20020111680A1 (en) * | 2000-06-13 | 2002-08-15 | Michelson Gary K. | Ratcheted bone dowel |
-
2002
- 2002-04-30 AT AT02729081T patent/ATE419810T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-04-30 US US10/137,108 patent/US6790233B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-30 EP EP02729081A patent/EP1389978B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-30 WO PCT/US2002/013654 patent/WO2002087475A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-04-30 DK DK09150116.3T patent/DK2055267T3/en active
- 2002-04-30 PT PT91501163T patent/PT2055267E/en unknown
- 2002-04-30 DE DE60230739T patent/DE60230739D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-30 ES ES09150116T patent/ES2424614T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-30 EP EP09150116.3A patent/EP2055267B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2002-04-30 US US10/137,106 patent/US6846327B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2004
- 2004-09-14 US US10/941,620 patent/US20050049706A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2010
- 2010-05-10 US US12/800,219 patent/US20110098818A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2012
- 2012-06-29 US US13/538,559 patent/US20130030531A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (99)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3867728A (en) * | 1971-12-30 | 1975-02-25 | Cutter Lab | Prosthesis for spinal repair |
US4072532A (en) * | 1975-11-20 | 1978-02-07 | Nasa | High temperature resistant cermet and ceramic compositions |
US4327449A (en) * | 1979-07-10 | 1982-05-04 | Charnley Surgical Inventions Limited | Acetabular prosthesis |
US4759766A (en) * | 1984-09-04 | 1988-07-26 | Humboldt-Universitaet Zu Berlin | Intervertebral disc endoprosthesis |
US4743256A (en) * | 1985-10-04 | 1988-05-10 | Brantigan John W | Surgical prosthetic implant facilitating vertebral interbody fusion and method |
US4695282A (en) * | 1986-01-23 | 1987-09-22 | Osteonics Corp. | Acetabular cup assembly with selective bearing face orientation |
US5158726A (en) * | 1987-01-20 | 1992-10-27 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Process for production of ceramic shaped product having granule layer on the surface and ceramic implant material |
US5785710A (en) * | 1988-06-13 | 1998-07-28 | Sofamor Danek Group, Inc. | Interbody spinal fusion implants |
US5609635A (en) * | 1988-06-28 | 1997-03-11 | Michelson; Gary K. | Lordotic interbody spinal fusion implants |
US7066961B2 (en) * | 1988-06-28 | 2006-06-27 | Gary Karlin Michelson | Spinal implant |
US5776199A (en) * | 1988-06-28 | 1998-07-07 | Sofamor Danek Properties | Artificial spinal fusion implants |
US6149686A (en) * | 1989-07-06 | 2000-11-21 | Sulzer Spine-Tech Inc. | Threaded spinal implant with bone ingrowth openings |
US5152791A (en) * | 1989-12-07 | 1992-10-06 | Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. | Prosthetic artificial bone having ceramic layers of different porosity |
US5314477A (en) * | 1990-03-07 | 1994-05-24 | J.B.S. Limited Company | Prosthesis for intervertebral discs and instruments for implanting it |
US5098449A (en) * | 1990-08-24 | 1992-03-24 | The Dow Chemical Company | Self-reinforced silicon nitride ceramic with crystalline grain boundary phase, and a method of preparing the same |
US5462563A (en) * | 1991-01-17 | 1995-10-31 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Orthopaedic implant |
US5192327A (en) * | 1991-03-22 | 1993-03-09 | Brantigan John W | Surgical prosthetic implant for vertebrae |
US5697980A (en) * | 1991-04-19 | 1997-12-16 | Mitsubishi Chem Corp | Artificial filling and prosthetic material |
US5464440A (en) * | 1992-01-13 | 1995-11-07 | Lucocer Aktiebolag | Porous implant with two sets of pores |
US5401269A (en) * | 1992-03-13 | 1995-03-28 | Waldemar Link Gmbh & Co. | Intervertebral disc endoprosthesis |
US5556815A (en) * | 1992-12-23 | 1996-09-17 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | High temperature resistant silicon nitride ceramic |
US5459766A (en) * | 1993-04-05 | 1995-10-17 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Digital phase-locked loop |
US6818020B2 (en) * | 1993-06-01 | 2004-11-16 | Howmedica Osteonics Corp. | Non-oxidizing polymeric medical implant |
US5425772A (en) * | 1993-09-20 | 1995-06-20 | Brantigan; John W. | Prosthetic implant for intervertebral spinal fusion |
US6302913B1 (en) * | 1994-05-24 | 2001-10-16 | Implico B.V. | Biomaterial and bone implant for bone repair and replacement |
US5549704A (en) * | 1994-09-08 | 1996-08-27 | Sutter; Franz | Universal joint prosthesis |
US6376573B1 (en) * | 1994-12-21 | 2002-04-23 | Interpore International | Porous biomaterials and methods for their manufacture |
US6758849B1 (en) * | 1995-02-17 | 2004-07-06 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Interbody spinal fusion implants |
US5826586A (en) * | 1995-03-17 | 1998-10-27 | Smith & Nephew, Inc. | Methods for producing medical implants with roughened, particulate-free surfaces |
US6613091B1 (en) * | 1995-03-27 | 2003-09-02 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Spinal fusion implants and tools for insertion and revision |
US5702449A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1997-12-30 | Danek Medical, Inc. | Reinforced porous spinal implants |
US6149688A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 2000-11-21 | Surgical Dynamics, Inc. | Artificial bone graft implant |
US6039762A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 2000-03-21 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Reinforced bone graft substitutes |
US5888222A (en) * | 1995-10-16 | 1999-03-30 | Sdgi Holding, Inc. | Intervertebral spacers |
US5888223A (en) * | 1995-12-08 | 1999-03-30 | Bray, Jr.; Robert S. | Anterior stabilization device |
US5871547A (en) * | 1996-03-01 | 1999-02-16 | Saint-Gobain/Norton Industrial Ceramics Corp. | Hip joint prosthesis having a zirconia head and a ceramic cup |
US5879404A (en) * | 1996-04-23 | 1999-03-09 | Biomet Limited | Acetabular cups and methods of their manufacture |
US5782832A (en) * | 1996-10-01 | 1998-07-21 | Surgical Dynamics, Inc. | Spinal fusion implant and method of insertion thereof |
US6371988B1 (en) * | 1996-10-23 | 2002-04-16 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Bone grafts |
US6346123B1 (en) * | 1996-10-24 | 2002-02-12 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Ceramic fusion implants and compositions |
US5904720A (en) * | 1996-11-12 | 1999-05-18 | Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc. | Hip joint prosthesis |
US6013591A (en) * | 1997-01-16 | 2000-01-11 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Nanocrystalline apatites and composites, prostheses incorporating them, and method for their production |
USRE39196E1 (en) * | 1997-01-16 | 2006-07-18 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Nanocrystalline apatites and composites, prostheses incorporating them, and method for their production |
US5861041A (en) * | 1997-04-07 | 1999-01-19 | Arthit Sitiso | Intervertebral disk prosthesis and method of making the same |
US6261586B1 (en) * | 1997-06-11 | 2001-07-17 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Bone graft composites and spacers |
US6110205A (en) * | 1997-06-21 | 2000-08-29 | Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung | Implant material having an excipient/active compound combination |
US6033738A (en) * | 1997-06-24 | 2000-03-07 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. | Method for producing water-repellent articles, water-repellent articles obtained thereby, and solution for forming water-repellent film |
US5879407A (en) * | 1997-07-17 | 1999-03-09 | Waggener; Herbert A. | Wear resistant ball and socket joint |
US6296667B1 (en) * | 1997-10-01 | 2001-10-02 | Phillips-Origen Ceramic Technology, Llc | Bone substitutes |
US6527810B2 (en) * | 1997-10-01 | 2003-03-04 | Wright Medical Technology, Inc. | Bone substitutes |
US6136029A (en) * | 1997-10-01 | 2000-10-24 | Phillips-Origen Ceramic Technology, Llc | Bone substitute materials |
US6037519A (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 2000-03-14 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Ceramic fusion implants and compositions |
US5888226A (en) * | 1997-11-12 | 1999-03-30 | Rogozinski; Chaim | Intervertebral prosthetic disc |
US5899939A (en) * | 1998-01-21 | 1999-05-04 | Osteotech, Inc. | Bone-derived implant for load-supporting applications |
US6736849B2 (en) * | 1998-03-11 | 2004-05-18 | Depuy Products, Inc. | Surface-mineralized spinal implants |
US5908796A (en) * | 1998-05-01 | 1999-06-01 | Saint-Gobain Industrial Ceramics, Inc. | Dense silicon nitride ceramic having fine grained titanium carbide |
US6090144A (en) * | 1998-05-12 | 2000-07-18 | Letot; Patrick | Synthetic knee system |
US7105030B2 (en) * | 1998-05-14 | 2006-09-12 | Hayes Medical, Inc. | Implant with composite coating |
US6398811B1 (en) * | 1998-08-06 | 2002-06-04 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Composited intervertebral bone spacers |
US6039763A (en) * | 1998-10-27 | 2000-03-21 | Disc Replacement Technologies, Inc. | Articulating spinal disc prosthesis |
US6113638A (en) * | 1999-02-26 | 2000-09-05 | Williams; Lytton A. | Method and apparatus for intervertebral implant anchorage |
US6277149B1 (en) * | 1999-06-08 | 2001-08-21 | Osteotech, Inc. | Ramp-shaped intervertebral implant |
US6989030B1 (en) * | 1999-11-11 | 2006-01-24 | Japan Tissue Engineering Co., Ltd. | Transplant material and method for fabricating the same |
US7115143B1 (en) * | 1999-12-08 | 2006-10-03 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Orthopedic implant surface configuration |
US7166129B2 (en) * | 1999-12-08 | 2007-01-23 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Method for forming a spinal implant surface configuration |
US7051417B2 (en) * | 1999-12-08 | 2006-05-30 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Method for forming an orthopedic implant surface configuration |
US6517580B1 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2003-02-11 | Scient'x Societe A Responsabilite Limited | Disk prosthesis for cervical vertebrae |
US6610097B2 (en) * | 2000-03-15 | 2003-08-26 | Depuy Orthopaedics, Inc. | Prosthetic cup assembly which includes components possessing self-locking taper and associated method |
US20020062154A1 (en) * | 2000-09-22 | 2002-05-23 | Ayers Reed A. | Non-uniform porosity tissue implant |
US6743256B2 (en) * | 2000-10-11 | 2004-06-01 | Michael D. Mason | Graftless spinal fusion device |
US20020143403A1 (en) * | 2001-01-02 | 2002-10-03 | Vaidyanathan K. Ranji | Compositions and methods for biomedical applications |
US20030050709A1 (en) * | 2001-02-23 | 2003-03-13 | Ulrich Noth | Trabecular bone-derived human mesenchymal stem cells |
US20050177238A1 (en) * | 2001-05-01 | 2005-08-11 | Khandkar Ashok C. | Radiolucent bone graft |
US6846327B2 (en) * | 2001-05-01 | 2005-01-25 | Amedica Corporation | Radiolucent bone graft |
US6790233B2 (en) * | 2001-05-01 | 2004-09-14 | Amedica Corporation | Radiolucent spinal fusion cage |
US20060052875A1 (en) * | 2001-05-01 | 2006-03-09 | Amedica Corporation | Knee prosthesis with ceramic tibial component |
US20030009225A1 (en) * | 2001-05-01 | 2003-01-09 | Khandkar Ashok C. | Radiolucent bone graft |
US20030153984A1 (en) * | 2001-06-14 | 2003-08-14 | Amedica Corporation | Metal-ceramic composite articulation |
US6881229B2 (en) * | 2001-06-14 | 2005-04-19 | Amedica Corporation | Metal-ceramic composite articulation |
US6740118B2 (en) * | 2002-01-09 | 2004-05-25 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Intervertebral prosthetic joint |
US20040024462A1 (en) * | 2002-04-12 | 2004-02-05 | Ferree Bret A. | Spacerless artificial disc replacements |
US20040172135A1 (en) * | 2002-10-29 | 2004-09-02 | St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc. | Artificial vertebral disk replacement implant with crossbar spacer and method |
US20040143332A1 (en) * | 2002-10-31 | 2004-07-22 | Krueger David J. | Movable disc implant |
US20040133281A1 (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2004-07-08 | Khandkar Ashok C. | Total disc implant |
US20040225365A1 (en) * | 2003-02-12 | 2004-11-11 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Articular disc prosthesis for transforaminal insertion |
US6994728B2 (en) * | 2003-03-06 | 2006-02-07 | Spinecore, Inc. | Cervical disc replacement method |
US20040176845A1 (en) * | 2003-03-06 | 2004-09-09 | Rafail Zubok | Cervical disc replacement |
US6994729B2 (en) * | 2003-03-06 | 2006-02-07 | Spinecore, Inc. | Cervical disc replacement |
US6908484B2 (en) * | 2003-03-06 | 2005-06-21 | Spinecore, Inc. | Cervical disc replacement |
US6997955B2 (en) * | 2003-03-06 | 2006-02-14 | Spinecore, Inc. | Cervical disc replacement |
US6997954B2 (en) * | 2003-03-06 | 2006-02-14 | Spinecore, Inc. | Cervical disc replacement method |
US20040176772A1 (en) * | 2003-03-06 | 2004-09-09 | Rafail Zubok | Instrumentation and methods for use in implanting a cervical disc replacement device |
US20040220679A1 (en) * | 2003-05-01 | 2004-11-04 | Diaz Robert L. | Hybrid ceramic composite implants |
US20050079200A1 (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2005-04-14 | Jorg Rathenow | Biocompatibly coated medical implants |
US20050055098A1 (en) * | 2003-09-10 | 2005-03-10 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Artificial spinal discs and associated implantation and revision methods |
US20050060040A1 (en) * | 2003-09-15 | 2005-03-17 | Benoist Girard Sas | Prosthetic acetabular cup and prosthetic femoral joint incorporating such a cup |
US20050177240A1 (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2005-08-11 | Jason Blain | Vertebral facet joint prosthesis and method of fixation |
US20060142862A1 (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2006-06-29 | Robert Diaz | Ball and dual socket joint |
US20050216092A1 (en) * | 2004-03-23 | 2005-09-29 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Constrained artificial implant for orthopaedic applications |
Cited By (102)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050071003A1 (en) * | 1999-03-17 | 2005-03-31 | Ku David N. | Poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel |
US20050106255A1 (en) * | 1999-03-17 | 2005-05-19 | Ku David N. | Poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel |
US7918876B2 (en) | 2003-03-24 | 2011-04-05 | Theken Spine, Llc | Spinal implant adjustment device |
US8002830B2 (en) | 2004-02-06 | 2011-08-23 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Surface directed cellular attachment |
US8895073B2 (en) | 2004-02-06 | 2014-11-25 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Hydrogel implant with superficial pores |
US7910124B2 (en) | 2004-02-06 | 2011-03-22 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Load bearing biocompatible device |
US8318192B2 (en) | 2004-02-06 | 2012-11-27 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Method of making load bearing hydrogel implants |
US20050273178A1 (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2005-12-08 | Boyan Barbara D | Load bearing biocompatible device |
US20080279943A1 (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2008-11-13 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Method of making hydrogel implants |
US8142808B2 (en) | 2004-02-06 | 2012-03-27 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Method of treating joints with hydrogel implants |
US8486436B2 (en) | 2004-02-06 | 2013-07-16 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Articular joint implant |
US20090263446A1 (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2009-10-22 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Method of making load bearing hydrogel implants |
US7682540B2 (en) | 2004-02-06 | 2010-03-23 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Method of making hydrogel implants |
US20050278025A1 (en) * | 2004-06-10 | 2005-12-15 | Salumedica Llc | Meniscus prosthesis |
US8623088B1 (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2014-01-07 | Nuvasive, Inc. | Spinal fusion implant and related methods |
US20070093898A1 (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2007-04-26 | Schwab Frank J | Transforaminal hybrid implant |
US8764832B2 (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2014-07-01 | Warsaw Orhtopedic, Inc. | Anterior hybrid implant |
US20070233247A1 (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2007-10-04 | Schwab Frank J | Hybrid intervertebral spinal fusion implant |
US20110112643A1 (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2011-05-12 | Schwab Frank J | Hybrid Intervertebral Spinal Fusion Implant |
US8728166B2 (en) | 2005-09-26 | 2014-05-20 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Hybrid intervertebral spinal fusion implant |
US20070233248A1 (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2007-10-04 | Schwab Frank J | Anterior hybrid implant |
US7998212B2 (en) | 2005-09-26 | 2011-08-16 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Transforaminal hybrid implant |
US7875075B2 (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2011-01-25 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Hybrid intervertebral spinal fusion implant |
JP2009509664A (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2009-03-12 | ウォーソー・オーソペディック・インコーポレーテッド | Composite intervertebral spinal fusion implant |
US20070213827A1 (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2007-09-13 | Arramon Yves P | Hardened calcium phosphate cement bone implants |
USD741488S1 (en) | 2006-07-17 | 2015-10-20 | Nuvasive, Inc. | Spinal fusion implant |
US11179243B2 (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2021-11-23 | Happe Spine Llc | Implantable devices |
US20090088849A1 (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-02 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Intervertebral Implant |
US8852280B2 (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2014-10-07 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
USRE48058E1 (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2020-06-23 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US20110125284A1 (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2011-05-26 | University Of Bath | Improvements in or Relating to Joints and/or Implants |
US9370426B2 (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2016-06-21 | Renishaw Plc | Relating to joints and/or implants |
WO2010100267A1 (en) | 2009-03-05 | 2010-09-10 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Spinal fusion cage |
US20100256758A1 (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2010-10-07 | Synvasive Technology, Inc. | Monolithic orthopedic implant with an articular finished surface |
US20100268337A1 (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2010-10-21 | Synvasive Technology, Inc. | Monolithic orthopedic implant with an articular finished surface |
US8556972B2 (en) | 2009-04-02 | 2013-10-15 | Sevika Holding AG | Monolithic orthopedic implant with an articular finished surface |
US20110087231A1 (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2011-04-14 | Light Cure, Llc | Devices and Injectable or Implantable Compositions for Intervertebral Fusion |
USD731063S1 (en) | 2009-10-13 | 2015-06-02 | Nuvasive, Inc. | Spinal fusion implant |
US20110172709A1 (en) * | 2010-01-13 | 2011-07-14 | Kyphon Sarl | Dynamic interspinous process device |
US20120065733A1 (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2012-03-15 | Brian Howard Wieder | Inter-vertebral implant having drain cavities therethrough |
US20120116457A1 (en) * | 2010-11-06 | 2012-05-10 | Limited Liability Company; | Stabilizer for assisting stabilization of a spinal implant and method of using the stabilizer |
US9901456B2 (en) | 2010-11-10 | 2018-02-27 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Vertebral body spacer |
US20120123544A1 (en) * | 2010-11-16 | 2012-05-17 | Sean Suh | Intervertebral Spacer and Method of Installation Thereof |
US9119728B2 (en) | 2011-01-17 | 2015-09-01 | Cibor, Inc. | Reinforced carbon fiber/carbon foam intervertebral spine fusion device |
WO2012099852A1 (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2012-07-26 | Cibor, Inc. | Reinforced carbon fiber/carbon foam intervertebral spine fusion device |
US10376368B2 (en) | 2011-05-26 | 2019-08-13 | Cartiva, Inc. | Devices and methods for creating wedge-shaped recesses |
US11944545B2 (en) | 2011-05-26 | 2024-04-02 | Cartiva, Inc. | Implant introducer |
US9155543B2 (en) | 2011-05-26 | 2015-10-13 | Cartiva, Inc. | Tapered joint implant and related tools |
US11278411B2 (en) | 2011-05-26 | 2022-03-22 | Cartiva, Inc. | Devices and methods for creating wedge-shaped recesses |
US9526632B2 (en) | 2011-05-26 | 2016-12-27 | Cartiva, Inc. | Methods of repairing a joint using a wedge-shaped implant |
US9333081B2 (en) | 2011-10-26 | 2016-05-10 | George J. Picha | Hard-tissue implant |
US8771354B2 (en) | 2011-10-26 | 2014-07-08 | George J. Picha | Hard-tissue implant |
US10154908B2 (en) | 2011-10-26 | 2018-12-18 | Gary A. Zwick | Hard-tissue implant |
US9579206B2 (en) | 2011-10-26 | 2017-02-28 | George J. Picha | Hard-tissue implant |
US9498338B2 (en) | 2011-11-01 | 2016-11-22 | Amedica Corporation | Methods for forming a connectable insert |
US9498336B2 (en) * | 2011-11-01 | 2016-11-22 | Amedica Corporation | Implants with a connectable insert and related systems and methods |
US20130110247A1 (en) * | 2011-11-01 | 2013-05-02 | Amedica Corporation | Implants with a Connectable Insert and Related Systems and Methods |
US9925295B2 (en) | 2012-05-09 | 2018-03-27 | Amedica Corporation | Ceramic and/or glass materials and related methods |
US10806831B2 (en) | 2012-05-09 | 2020-10-20 | Sintx Technologies, Inc. | Antibacterial biomedical implants and associated materials, apparatus, and methods |
US10350072B2 (en) | 2012-05-24 | 2019-07-16 | Cartiva, Inc. | Tooling for creating tapered opening in tissue and related methods |
US9370609B2 (en) | 2013-01-08 | 2016-06-21 | Praxis Powder Technology, Inc. | High strength injection molded orthopedic devices |
US20150257893A1 (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2015-09-17 | Michael Mazzuca | ACIS Allograft Designs |
US9566169B2 (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2017-02-14 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | ACIS allograft designs |
JP2016163706A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2016-09-08 | スメド−ティーエイ/ティーディー・エルエルシー | Orthopaedic implant with porous structural member |
US10758374B2 (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2020-09-01 | Cartiva, Inc. | Carpometacarpal (CMC) implants and methods |
US11839552B2 (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2023-12-12 | Cartiva, Inc. | Carpometacarpal (CMC) implants and methods |
US10973644B2 (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2021-04-13 | Cartiva, Inc. | Hydrogel implants with porous materials and methods |
US9907663B2 (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2018-03-06 | Cartiva, Inc. | Hydrogel implants with porous materials and methods |
US11717411B2 (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2023-08-08 | Cartiva, Inc. | Hydrogel implants with porous materials and methods |
US10952858B2 (en) | 2015-04-14 | 2021-03-23 | Cartiva, Inc. | Tooling for creating tapered opening in tissue and related methods |
US11701231B2 (en) | 2015-04-14 | 2023-07-18 | Cartiva, Inc. | Tooling for creating tapered opening in tissue and related methods |
US11020231B2 (en) | 2015-04-14 | 2021-06-01 | Cartiva, Inc. | Tooling for creating tapered opening in tissue and related methods |
US10485897B2 (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2019-11-26 | Erik Erbe | Osteogenic and angiogenic implant material |
US20170112959A1 (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2017-04-27 | Erik Erbe | Novel osteogenic and angiogenic implant material |
US20170172743A1 (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2017-06-22 | P Tech, Llc | Implant comprising nonbiologic portion and biologic portion |
US11737878B2 (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2023-08-29 | P Tech, Llc | Implant comprising nonbiologic portion and biologic portion |
US11931266B2 (en) | 2016-06-07 | 2024-03-19 | Nanohive Medical Llc | Implant with independent endplates |
US11801141B2 (en) | 2016-06-22 | 2023-10-31 | Aesculap Ag | Medical product, preferably for use during the treatment of a bone cavity, method for producing the medical product, and medical kit |
US11013602B2 (en) | 2016-07-08 | 2021-05-25 | Mako Surgical Corp. | Scaffold for alloprosthetic composite implant |
US20180177597A1 (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2018-06-28 | The Trustees Of The Stevens Institute Of Technolog Y | 3d printed trans-modular scaffolds for grafting applications in segmental bone defects |
US10631987B2 (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2020-04-28 | The Trustees Of The Stevens Institute Of Technology | 3D printed trans-modular scaffolds for grafting applications in segmental bone defects |
US11253368B2 (en) | 2017-02-14 | 2022-02-22 | Nanohive Medical Llc | Methods of designing high x-ray lucency lattice structures |
WO2018152077A1 (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2018-08-23 | HD LifeSciences LLC | High x-ray lucency lattice structures and variably x-ray licent markers |
US11213398B2 (en) | 2017-03-10 | 2022-01-04 | Gary A. Zwick | Hard-tissue implant comprising a bulk implant, a face, pillars, slots, and at least one support member |
US11324606B2 (en) | 2017-03-10 | 2022-05-10 | Gary A. Zwick | Spinal interbody cage comprising a bulk interbody cage, a top face, a bottom face, pillars, and slots |
US11696831B2 (en) | 2017-03-10 | 2023-07-11 | Alps Holding Llc | Hard-tissue implant comprising a bulk implant, a face, pillars, slots, and at least one support member |
US10624746B2 (en) | 2017-04-01 | 2020-04-21 | HD LifeSciences LLC | Fluid interface system for implants |
US10888429B2 (en) | 2017-04-01 | 2021-01-12 | HD LifeSciences LLC | Three-dimensional lattice structures for implants |
US11648124B2 (en) | 2017-04-01 | 2023-05-16 | Nanohive Medical Llc | Methods of designing three-dimensional lattice structures for implants |
US10881518B2 (en) | 2017-04-01 | 2021-01-05 | HD LifeSciences LLC | Anisotropic biocompatible lattice structure |
US11806240B2 (en) | 2017-04-01 | 2023-11-07 | Nanohive Medical Llc | Three-dimensional lattice structures for implants |
US11766339B1 (en) | 2017-10-24 | 2023-09-26 | Omnia Medical, LLC | Multi-material multi-component spinal implant |
US10918497B1 (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2021-02-16 | Omnia Medical, LLC | Multi-material multi-component spinal implant |
US11819418B1 (en) | 2017-10-24 | 2023-11-21 | Omnia Medical, LLC | Multi-material multi-component spinal implant |
US20190167433A1 (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2019-06-06 | Duke University | Orthopedic implant for sustained drug release |
US11278427B2 (en) | 2018-04-10 | 2022-03-22 | Gary A. Zick, Trustee Of The Everest Trust Uta April 20, 2017 | Spinal interbody cage comprising top and bottom faces with mesh structures, pillars and slots |
US11291558B2 (en) | 2018-07-26 | 2022-04-05 | Nanohive Medical Llc | Dynamic implant fixation plate |
US11497617B2 (en) | 2019-01-16 | 2022-11-15 | Nanohive Medical Llc | Variable depth implants |
US11123173B2 (en) | 2019-09-11 | 2021-09-21 | Gary A. Zwick | Implant comprising first and second sets of pillars for attaching a tendon or a ligament to a hard tissue |
US20220133490A1 (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2022-05-05 | Michael Murray | Methods and Implants for Facet Joint Stabilization or Fusion |
DE102021201695A1 (en) | 2021-02-23 | 2022-08-25 | Karl Leibinger Medizintechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Multi-part implant with support element and functional element |
US11925727B2 (en) | 2021-06-18 | 2024-03-12 | National Taiwan University | Intervertebral fusion device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6790233B2 (en) | 2004-09-14 |
EP2055267B1 (en) | 2013-04-17 |
ES2424614T3 (en) | 2013-10-07 |
EP2055267A3 (en) | 2009-08-12 |
ATE419810T1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
EP1389978A4 (en) | 2006-05-03 |
EP1389978A1 (en) | 2004-02-25 |
DK2055267T3 (en) | 2013-07-01 |
DE60230739D1 (en) | 2009-02-26 |
PT2055267E (en) | 2013-07-15 |
US6846327B2 (en) | 2005-01-25 |
US20130030531A1 (en) | 2013-01-31 |
WO2002087475A1 (en) | 2002-11-07 |
EP1389978B1 (en) | 2009-01-07 |
US20110098818A1 (en) | 2011-04-28 |
US20020173850A1 (en) | 2002-11-21 |
US20030009225A1 (en) | 2003-01-09 |
EP2055267A2 (en) | 2009-05-06 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20130030531A1 (en) | Radiolucent Spinal Fusion Cage | |
US20050177238A1 (en) | Radiolucent bone graft | |
US20120330420A1 (en) | Spinal fusion implants | |
AU746485B2 (en) | Reinforced bone graft substitutes | |
ES2240996T3 (en) | REINFORCED PORN SPINAL IMPLANTS. | |
EP2608749B1 (en) | Spinal implant | |
AU2001226616B2 (en) | Bone implant, in particular, an inter-vertebral implant | |
CA2360424C (en) | Intervertebral spacers with side wall accessible interior cavity | |
US5989289A (en) | Bone grafts | |
AU734950B2 (en) | Ceramic fusion implants and compositions containing osteoinductive factors | |
US20210338454A1 (en) | 3d printed osteogenesis scaffold | |
EP1608298A1 (en) | Height adjustable vertebral body and disc space replacement devices | |
WO2021236646A1 (en) | 3d printed osteogenesis scaffold |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: AMEDICA CORPORATION, UTAH Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BRODKE, DARREL S.;BERRY, BRET M.;KHANDKAR, ASHOK C.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:015350/0787;SIGNING DATES FROM 20041019 TO 20041102 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: ZIONS FIRST NATIONAL BANK,UTAH Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:AMEDICA CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:024213/0710 Effective date: 20100407 Owner name: ZIONS FIRST NATIONAL BANK, UTAH Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:AMEDICA CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:024213/0710 Effective date: 20100407 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: AMEDICA COPRORATION, UTAH Free format text: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:ZIONS FIRST NATIONAL BANK;REEL/FRAME:029503/0591 Effective date: 20121217 |