EP0064102A2 - Document with a security strip, and method of checking its genuineness - Google Patents

Document with a security strip, and method of checking its genuineness Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0064102A2
EP0064102A2 EP81110619A EP81110619A EP0064102A2 EP 0064102 A2 EP0064102 A2 EP 0064102A2 EP 81110619 A EP81110619 A EP 81110619A EP 81110619 A EP81110619 A EP 81110619A EP 0064102 A2 EP0064102 A2 EP 0064102A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
security thread
scattered
document
radiation
cross
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP81110619A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0064102A3 (en
EP0064102B1 (en
Inventor
Heinrich Peter Baltes
André M.J. Huiser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
OFFERTA DI LICENZA AL PUBBLICO
Original Assignee
Landis and Gyr AG
LGZ Landis and Gyr Zug AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Landis and Gyr AG, LGZ Landis and Gyr Zug AG filed Critical Landis and Gyr AG
Publication of EP0064102A2 publication Critical patent/EP0064102A2/en
Publication of EP0064102A3 publication Critical patent/EP0064102A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0064102B1 publication Critical patent/EP0064102B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/40—Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper
    • D21H21/44—Latent security elements, i.e. detectable or becoming apparent only by use of special verification or tampering devices or methods
    • D21H21/48—Elements suited for physical verification, e.g. by irradiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/06—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using wave or particle radiation
    • G07D7/12—Visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation

Definitions

  • the object of the invention specified in claims 1 and 5 is to provide a document with a security thread and a method for checking its authenticity, which ensures a very high level of security against forgery by the authenticity features of the security thread being particularly difficult for a counterfeiter to analyze and imitate.
  • a security thread 1 is drawn in a perspective, very greatly enlarged representation, which e.g. can consist of metal, metal-coated plastic or transparent plastic.
  • the cross section of this security thread 1 has a shape that differs from both a rectangle and a circle.
  • the cross section preferably has the shape of an irregular polygon, the outer angles of which are partly larger and partly smaller than 180 °.
  • the cross-sectional shape is constant over the entire length or at least over a predetermined partial length of the security thread 1. Authenticity feature that the more complicated the cross-sectional shape and the smaller the cross-section, the more difficult it is to analyze and imitate.
  • the security thread 1 lies in FIG. 1 parallel to the y-axis of a coordinate system.
  • an electromagnetic beam 2 preferably a sufficiently monochromatic, spatially coherent infrared light beam, is directed onto the security thread 1.
  • This beam 2 which in the example shown is incident perpendicularly on the security thread 1 in the z, x plane of the coordinate system, is scattered on the security thread 1 in a predetermined, characteristic manner.
  • a narrow beam 3 is indicated in FIG. 1, which lies in the z, x plane and is scattered by the angle ⁇ with respect to the beam 2.
  • the wavelength of the beam 2 is advantageously of the order of magnitude of the dimensions of the cross section of the security thread 1, ie the authenticity check takes place in the so-called resonance range, in which neither the laws of geometrical optics exist the cemetery approximation is still applicable.
  • the dimensions of the cross section of the security thread 1 are preferably in the order of magnitude of the wavelength of infrared radiation, so that the authenticity check can be carried out by means of infrared radiation in the resonance range. It is also possible to use a relatively thick security thread 1 and still work in the resonance range, which, however, requires the use of far infrared or submilliter waves, which can be generated, for example, by means of a far infrared laser.
  • the diagram in FIG. 2 shows the intensity I of the scattered radiation in the far field as a function of the scattering angle ⁇ in the event that the security thread 1 is made of metal and the wavelength is equal to the thickness of the security thread.
  • the characteristic curve profile I ( ⁇ ) the authenticity features inherent in the cross-sectional shape of the security thread 1 can be checked with great certainty by measuring the angular distribution of the intensity I.
  • the security thread 1 can be embedded directly in a carrier 4 of a document 5 if the carrier 4 is made of a material that is permeable to the electromagnetic beam 2, e.g. made of infrared transparent plastic. In the case of a document whose carrier absorbs the beam 2 or scatters it very strongly, the security thread 1 can be embedded in a thin cover layer.
  • FIG. 4 shows a document 5 'which consists of a carrier 4', a film-shaped intermediate layer 6 and a cover layer 7.
  • a security thread 1 ' is embedded between the intermediate layer 6 and the cover layer 7.
  • the production and deposition of the security thread 1 ' is advantageously carried out according to known photolitho graphic process.
  • a groove with a characteristic cross-sectional shape is incorporated into the intermediate layer 6, the security thread 1 'is deposited in and next to the groove, for example by means of a vapor deposition method, and the cover layer 7 is then applied.
  • a laminated plastic film or a lacquer layer can serve as cover layer 7.
  • 8 means a radiation source which throws the electromagnetic beam 2 onto the security thread 1 of the document 5.
  • the characteristic angular distribution of the intensity of the scattered radiation scattered on the security thread 1 is indicated in FIG. 5 by a curve 9.
  • the radiation detectors 10 to 12 are connected to an electronic signal processing element: 16, which is based on the signals from the radiation detectors 10 to. 12 checks whether the beam 2 is scattered on the security thread 1 in a predetermined characteristic manner and, if applicable, emits a yes signal at its output.
  • a phase-sensitive detection electronics is advantageously used.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the security thread 1 is constant over at least a predetermined partial length, it is unnecessary to adjust the document 5 with respect to the position of the beam 2 in the longitudinal direction of the security thread 1.
  • the angular distribution of the intensity of the scattered radiation is measured in the arrangement according to FIG. 5 in reflection. Likewise, the angle distribution can be measured in transmission, for which it is only necessary to arrange the radiation source 8 on the side of the document 5 opposite the radiation detectors 10 to 12.
  • the angular distribution of the intensity of the scattered radiation is measured with the aid of Light guides 17 to 19, one end of which is arranged close to the surface of the document 5 and the other end of which opens at the radiation detectors 10 to 12. If the light guides 17 to 19 are brought close enough to the security thread 1, this arrangement allows the measurement of the angular distribution in the near field and is particularly advantageous for checking the authenticity of documents in which the security thread 1 is embedded in a diffusely scattering material.
  • a single light guide and a single radiation detector can be used.
  • the document 5 is moved in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the security thread 1 along the mouth of the light guide and in the signal processing element the measured intensity curve is compared with stored target values.
  • the scattered radiation scattered on the security thread 1 strikes two angular separation elements 20, 21, each of which passes a narrow beam 22, 23 with an advantageously variable mean scattering angle ⁇ or ⁇ '.
  • the beam 22 passes through a deflection member 24, a path difference member 25 and a deflection member 26. and the beam 23 via deflection members 27, 28 to a superposition member 29, which combines the beams 22, 23 again.
  • the path difference element 25 generates a variable optical path difference ⁇ .
  • the combined beams 22, 23 fall on a radiation detector 30 which is connected to an electronic signal processing element 31.
  • the signal processing element 31 calculates the so-called contrast
  • from the maximum value and the minimum value of the intensity I I ( ⁇ ) the interference fringe.
  • This contrast is a variable that depends on the degree of coherence of the two beams 22, 23.
  • the measured degree of coherence is one Function of the scattering angles ⁇ and ⁇ 'and is compared in the signal processing element 31 with stored target values.
  • the document 5 is advantageously moved parallel to the longitudinal direction of the security thread 1 in order to form the mean value over at least a certain partial length of the security thread.
  • the degree of coherence measurement also enables reliable detection of the security thread 1 when it is embedded in a diffusely scattering material.
  • the so-called second order intensity correlation g (2) can also be measured, which also represents a measure of the degree of coherence.
  • the arrangement shown in Fig. 8 consists of a radiation source 8 'with variable wavelength ⁇ , a radiation detector 32 and a signal processing element 33.
  • a radiation source 8' e.g. a dye laser or a light source with a slit and gradient filter.
  • the radiation detector 32 separates a narrow beam 34 from the scattered radiation and detects its intensity, which is dependent on the scattering angle ⁇ and on the wavelength ⁇ .
  • the wavelength ⁇ of the beam 2 is varied, the dependence on the world length of the intensity of the beam 34, i.e. the dispersion, measured and compared in the signal processing element 33 with stored target values.

Abstract

Der Querschnitt des Sicherheitsfadens (1) weist eine vorbestimmte, über eine vorgegebene Länge konstante, sich sowohl von einem Rechteck als auch von einem Kreis unterscheidende Form auf. Die Echtheit des Sicherheitsfadens (1) wird mittels eines elektromagnetischen Strahls (2) geprüft, der am Sicherheitsfaden (1) in charakteristischer Weise gestreut wird. Die Echtheitsprüfung erfolgt durch Messung der Winkelverteilung der Intensität, des Kohärenzgrades oder der Dispersion der Streustrahlung im Resonanzbereich.The cross section of the security thread (1) has a predetermined shape which is constant over a predetermined length and which differs both from a rectangle and from a circle. The authenticity of the security thread (1) is checked by means of an electromagnetic beam (2) which is scattered in a characteristic manner on the security thread (1). The authenticity check is carried out by measuring the angular distribution of the intensity, the degree of coherence or the dispersion of the scattered radiation in the resonance range.

Description

Zur Sicherung von Dokumenten, wie Banknoten, Ausweiskarten, Schecks u.dgl., ist es bekannt, in diese einen Sicherheitsfaden einzubetten. Bekannte Sicherheitsfäden besitzen die Form eines flachen Metall- oder Plastikbandes mit rechteckförmigem Querschnitt. Solche gut sichtbaren und auch leicht fühlbaren Sicherheitsfäden erlauben eine einfache und rasche Prüfung der Echtheit des Dokumentes. Das Einarbeiten des Sicherheitsfadens in die Papier- oder Ptastikschicht erfordert hingegen einen aufwendigen, von einem Fälscher nur schwer beherrschbaren Arbeitsprozess.To secure documents such as banknotes, ID cards, checks and the like, it is known to embed a security thread in these. Known security threads are in the form of a flat metal or plastic band with a rectangular cross section. Such easily visible and easily felt security threads allow simple and quick checking of the authenticity of the document. The incorporation of the security thread into the paper or plastic layer, on the other hand, requires a complex work process that is difficult for a forger to control.

Um die Fälschungssicherheit: weiter zu erhöhen und einen maschinellen- Nachweis des Vorhandenseins und der Echtheit des Sicherheitsfadens zu ermöglichen, ist es bekannt (DE-PS 2 205 428), mikroskopisch kleine Löcher in den Sicherheitsfaden einzugeben, die z.B. ein Codemuster darstellen, das mit Hilfe von Licht-oder Korpuskutarstrahlen ausgelesen werden kann. Aufgrund der heutigen Verbreitung der Laserbohrtechnik stellt jedoch ein solcher Lochcode kein besonders sicheres Echtheitsmerkmal mehr dar.In order to further increase the security against counterfeiting and to enable machine proof of the presence and authenticity of the security thread, it is known (DE-PS 2 205 428) to enter microscopic holes in the security thread, which e.g. represent a code pattern that can be read out with the aid of light or body cutar beams. However, due to the current spread of laser drilling technology, such a hole code is no longer a particularly secure authenticity feature.

Der in den Ansprüchen 1 und 5 angegebenen Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Dokument mit einem Sicherheitsfaden sowie ein Verfahren zu dessen Echtheitsprüfung zu schaffen, das eine sehr hohe Fälschungssicherheit gewährleistet, indem die Echtheitsmerkmale des Sicherheitsfadens für einen Fälscher besonderns schwer analysierbar und nachahmbar sind.The object of the invention specified in claims 1 and 5 is to provide a document with a security thread and a method for checking its authenticity, which ensures a very high level of security against forgery by the authenticity features of the security thread being particularly difficult for a counterfeiter to analyze and imitate.

Nachfolgend werden einige Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert.Some exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing.

Es zeigen: Fig. 1 eine Prinzipdarstellung,

  • Fig. 2 ein Intensitätsdiagramm,
  • Fig. 3 und 4 Dokumente im Schnitt und
  • Fig. 5 bis 8 je eine Anordnung zur Prüfung der Echtheit von Dokumenten.
1 shows a basic illustration,
  • 2 shows an intensity diagram,
  • 3 and 4 documents in section and
  • 5 to 8 each an arrangement for checking the authenticity of documents.

In der Fig. 1 ist in perspektivischer, sehr stark vergrösserter Darstellung ein Sicherheitsfaden 1 gezeichnet, der z.B. aus Metall, metallbeschichtetem Kunststoff oder transparentem Kunststoff bestehen kann. Der Querschnitt dieses Sicherheitsfadens 1 weist eine Form auf, die sich sowohl von einem Rechteck als auch von einem Kreis unterscheidet. Vorzugsweise besitzt der Querschnitt die Form eines unregelmässigen Polygons, dessen Aussenwinkel zum Teil grösser und zum Teil kleiner als 180° sind. Die Querschnittsform ist über die Gesamtlänge oder mindestens über eine vorgegebene Teillänge des Sicherheitsfadens 1 konstantan Sie stellt ein. Echtheitsmerkmal dar, das umso schwerer analysierbar- und nachahmbar ist, je komplizierter die Querschnittsform und kleiner der Querschnitt ist.In Fig. 1, a security thread 1 is drawn in a perspective, very greatly enlarged representation, which e.g. can consist of metal, metal-coated plastic or transparent plastic. The cross section of this security thread 1 has a shape that differs from both a rectangle and a circle. The cross section preferably has the shape of an irregular polygon, the outer angles of which are partly larger and partly smaller than 180 °. The cross-sectional shape is constant over the entire length or at least over a predetermined partial length of the security thread 1. Authenticity feature that the more complicated the cross-sectional shape and the smaller the cross-section, the more difficult it is to analyze and imitate.

Der Sicherheitsfaden 1 liegt in der Fig. 1 parallel zur y-Achse eines Koordinatensystems. Zur Echtheitsprüfung wird ein elektromagnetischer Strahl 2, vorzugsweise ein hinreichend monochromatischer, räumlich kohärenter infraroter Lichtstrahl, auf den Sicherheitsfaden 1 gelenkt. Dieser Strahl 2, der im dargestellten Beispiel in der z, x-Ebene des Koordinatensystems senkrecht auf den Sicherheitsfaden 1 einfällt, wird am Sicherheitsfaden 1 in vorbestimmter, charakteristischer Weise gestreut. Von der Gesamtheit der Streustrahlung ist in der Fig. 1 nur ein enges Strahlenbündel 3 angedeutet, das in der z, x-Ebene liegt und gegenüber dem Strahl 2 um den Winkel ϑ gestreut wird.The security thread 1 lies in FIG. 1 parallel to the y-axis of a coordinate system. To check the authenticity, an electromagnetic beam 2, preferably a sufficiently monochromatic, spatially coherent infrared light beam, is directed onto the security thread 1. This beam 2, which in the example shown is incident perpendicularly on the security thread 1 in the z, x plane of the coordinate system, is scattered on the security thread 1 in a predetermined, characteristic manner. Of the totality of the scattered radiation, only a narrow beam 3 is indicated in FIG. 1, which lies in the z, x plane and is scattered by the angle ϑ with respect to the beam 2.

Die Wellenlänge des Strahls 2 liegt vorteilhaft in der Grössenordnung der Abmessungen des Querschnitts des Sicherheitsfadens 1, d.h. die Echtheitsprüfung erfolgt im sogenannten Resonanzbereich, in welchem weder die Gesetze der geometrischen Optik noch die Kirchhof-Approximation anwendbar sind. Dies bringt den Vorteil mit sich, dass es praktisch unmöglich ist, den Sicherheitsfaden 1 durch ein andersartiges optisches Element mit ähnlicher Streuwirkung vorzutäuschen. Vorzugsweise liegen die Abmessungen des Querschnitts des Sicherheitsfadens 1 in der Grössenordnung der Wellenlänge infraroter Strahlung, so dass die Echtheitsprüfung mittels infraroter Strahlung im Resonanzbereich erfolgen kann. Es ist auch möglich, einen verhältnismässig dicken Sicherheitsfaden 1 zu verwenden und dennoch im Resonanzbereich zu arbeiten, was allerdings den Einsatz von Fern-Infrarot- oder Submilliterwellen erfordert, die z.B. mittels eines Fern-Infrarotlasers erzeugt werden können .The wavelength of the beam 2 is advantageously of the order of magnitude of the dimensions of the cross section of the security thread 1, ie the authenticity check takes place in the so-called resonance range, in which neither the laws of geometrical optics exist the cemetery approximation is still applicable. This has the advantage that it is practically impossible to simulate the security thread 1 with a different optical element with a similar scattering effect. The dimensions of the cross section of the security thread 1 are preferably in the order of magnitude of the wavelength of infrared radiation, so that the authenticity check can be carried out by means of infrared radiation in the resonance range. It is also possible to use a relatively thick security thread 1 and still work in the resonance range, which, however, requires the use of far infrared or submilliter waves, which can be generated, for example, by means of a far infrared laser.

Das Diagramm der Fig. 2 zeigt die Intensität I der Streustahlung im Fernfeld in Funktion des Streuwinkels ϑ für den Fall, dass der Sicherheitsfaden 1 aus Metall besteht und die Wellenlänge gleich der Dicke des Sicherheitsfadens ist. Für einen Sicherheitsfaden aus transparentem Material ergibt sich eine andere, aber ebenso charakteristische Winkelventeilung der Intensität der Streustrahlung. Aus dem Diagramm ist leicht ersichtlich, dass aufgrund des charakteristischen Kurvenveriaufes I (ϑ) eine Prüfung der der Querschnittsform des Sicherheitsfadens 1 innewohnenden Echtheitsmerkmale durch Messung der Winketverteitung der Intensität I mit grosser Sicherheit erfolgen kann.The diagram in FIG. 2 shows the intensity I of the scattered radiation in the far field as a function of the scattering angle ϑ in the event that the security thread 1 is made of metal and the wavelength is equal to the thickness of the security thread. For a security thread made of transparent material, there is a different but equally characteristic angular division of the intensity of the scattered radiation. It is easy to see from the diagram that, due to the characteristic curve profile I (ϑ), the authenticity features inherent in the cross-sectional shape of the security thread 1 can be checked with great certainty by measuring the angular distribution of the intensity I.

Der Sicherheitsfaden 1 kann gemäss der Fig. 3 unmittelbar in einen Träger 4 eines Dokumentes 5 eingebettet werden, wenn der Träger 4 aus einem für den elektromagnetischen Strahl 2 durchlässigen Material, z.B. aus infrarotdurchlässigem Kunststoff, besteht. Bei einem Dokument, dessen Träger den Strahl 2 absorbiert oder sehr stark streut, kann der Sicherheitsfaden 1 in eine dünne Deckschicht eingebettet werden.3, the security thread 1 can be embedded directly in a carrier 4 of a document 5 if the carrier 4 is made of a material that is permeable to the electromagnetic beam 2, e.g. made of infrared transparent plastic. In the case of a document whose carrier absorbs the beam 2 or scatters it very strongly, the security thread 1 can be embedded in a thin cover layer.

Die Fig. 4 zeigt ein Dokument 5', das aus einem Träger 4', einer folienförmigen Zwischenschicht 6 und einer Deckschicht 7 besteht. Ein Sicherheitsfaden 1' ist zwischen die Zwischenschicht 6 und die Deckschicht 7 eingebettet. Die Herstellung und Deposition des Sicherheitsfadens 1' erfolgt vorteilhaft nach bekannten photolithographischen Verfahren. Hierzu wird in die Zwischenschicht 6 eine Nut mit charakteristischer Querschnittsform eingearbeitet, der Sicherheitsfaden 1' z.B. durch ein Aufdampfverfahren in und neben der Nut deponiert und anschliessend die Deckschicht 7 aufgetragen. Als Deckschicht 7 kann z.B. eine auflaminierte Kunststoffolie oder eine Lackschicht dienen.FIG. 4 shows a document 5 'which consists of a carrier 4', a film-shaped intermediate layer 6 and a cover layer 7. A security thread 1 'is embedded between the intermediate layer 6 and the cover layer 7. The production and deposition of the security thread 1 'is advantageously carried out according to known photolitho graphic process. For this purpose, a groove with a characteristic cross-sectional shape is incorporated into the intermediate layer 6, the security thread 1 'is deposited in and next to the groove, for example by means of a vapor deposition method, and the cover layer 7 is then applied. For example, a laminated plastic film or a lacquer layer can serve as cover layer 7.

In der Fig. 5 bedeutet 8 eine Strahlenquelle, die den etektromagnetischen Strahl 2 auf den Sicherheitsfaden 1 des Dokumentes 5 wirft. Die charakteristische Winkelverteitung der Intensität der am Sicherheitsfaden 1 gestreuten Streustrahlung ist in der Fig. 5 durch eine Kurve 9 angedeutet. Mittels mehrerer Strahlendetektoren 10 bis 12 werden aus der Streustrahlung enge Strahlenbündel 13 bis 15 ausgesondert und ihre Intensität gemessen. Die Strahlendetektoren 10 bis 12 sind an ein elektronisches Signalverärbeitungsglied: 16 angeschlossen, das anhand der Signale der Strahlendetektoren 10 bis. 12 prüft, ob der Strahl 2 am Sicherheitsfaden 1 auf vorbestimmte charakteristische Weise gestreut wird, und zutreffendenfalls an seinem Ausgang ein Ja-Signal abgibt. Zur Diskriminierung des Nutzsignals, d.h. der Streustrahlung, von der Untergrundstrahlung, z.B.. von ungestreuter Strahlung, wird vorteilhaft eine phasenempfindliche Detektionselektronik (sogenannte tock-in Detektion) eingesetzt.In FIG. 5, 8 means a radiation source which throws the electromagnetic beam 2 onto the security thread 1 of the document 5. The characteristic angular distribution of the intensity of the scattered radiation scattered on the security thread 1 is indicated in FIG. 5 by a curve 9. Using a plurality of radiation detectors 10 to 12, narrow beams 13 to 15 are separated from the scattered radiation and their intensity is measured. The radiation detectors 10 to 12 are connected to an electronic signal processing element: 16, which is based on the signals from the radiation detectors 10 to. 12 checks whether the beam 2 is scattered on the security thread 1 in a predetermined characteristic manner and, if applicable, emits a yes signal at its output. To discriminate the useful signal, i.e. the scattered radiation, from the background radiation, e.g. from unscattered radiation, a phase-sensitive detection electronics (so-called tock-in detection) is advantageously used.

Da die Querschnittsform des Sicherheitsfadens 1 über mindestens eine vorgegebene Teillänge konstant ist, erübrigt es sich, das Dokument 5 bezüglich der Position des Strahls 2 in Längsrichtung des Sicherheitsfadens 1 zu justieren.Since the cross-sectional shape of the security thread 1 is constant over at least a predetermined partial length, it is unnecessary to adjust the document 5 with respect to the position of the beam 2 in the longitudinal direction of the security thread 1.

Die Messung der Winkelverteilung der Intensität der Streustrahlung erfolgt bei der Anordnung nach der Fig. 5 in Reflexion. Desgleichen kann die WinkeLverteitung in Transmission gemessen werden, wozu es lediglich erforderlich ist, die Strahlenquelle 8 auf der den Strahlendetektoren 10 bis 12 gegenüberliegenden Seite des Dokumentes 5 anzuordnen.The angular distribution of the intensity of the scattered radiation is measured in the arrangement according to FIG. 5 in reflection. Likewise, the angle distribution can be measured in transmission, for which it is only necessary to arrange the radiation source 8 on the side of the document 5 opposite the radiation detectors 10 to 12.

Bei der Anordnung nach der Fig. 6 erfolgt die Messung der Winkelverteitung der Intensität der Streustrahlung mit Hilfe von Lichtleitern 17 bis 19, deren eines Ende nahe an der Oberfläche des Dokumentes 5 angeordnet ist und deren anderes Ende bei den Strahlendetektoren 10 bis 12 mündet. Diese Anordnung gestattet, falls die Lichtleiter 17 bis 19 nahe genug an den Sicherheitsfaden 1 herarrgeführt werden, die Messung der Winketverteilung im Nahfeld und ist zur Echtheitsprüfung von Dokumenten, bei denen der Sicherheitsfaden 1 in ein diffus streuendes Material eingebettet ist, besonders vorteilhaft.In the arrangement according to FIG. 6, the angular distribution of the intensity of the scattered radiation is measured with the aid of Light guides 17 to 19, one end of which is arranged close to the surface of the document 5 and the other end of which opens at the radiation detectors 10 to 12. If the light guides 17 to 19 are brought close enough to the security thread 1, this arrangement allows the measurement of the angular distribution in the near field and is particularly advantageous for checking the authenticity of documents in which the security thread 1 is embedded in a diffusely scattering material.

Anstelle der Lichtleiter 17 bis 19 und der Strahlendetektoren 10 bis 12 kann ein einziger Lichtleiter und ein einziger Strahlendetektor eingesetzt werden. Bei einer solchen Anordnung wird das Dokument 5 in zur Längsrichtung des Sicherheitsfadens 1 senkrechter Richtung an der Mündung des Lichtleiters entlang bewegt und im Signalverarbeitungsglied wird der gemessene Intensitätsverlauf mit gespeicherten Sollwerten verglichen.Instead of the light guides 17 to 19 and the radiation detectors 10 to 12, a single light guide and a single radiation detector can be used. In such an arrangement, the document 5 is moved in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the security thread 1 along the mouth of the light guide and in the signal processing element the measured intensity curve is compared with stored target values.

Bei der Anordnung nach der Fig. 7' trifft die am Sicherheitsfaden 1 gestreute Streustrahlung auf zwei Winkelaussonderungsglieder 20, 21, von denen jedes ein enges Strahlenbündel 22., 23 mit einem vorteilhaft veränderbaren mittleren Streuwinkel ϑ bzw. ϑ' durchiässt. Das Strahlenbündel 22 gelangt über ein Umlenkglied 24, ein Wegdifferenzglied 25 sowie ein Umlenkglied 26. und das Strahlenbündel 23 über Umlenkglieder 27, 28 zu einem Uebertagerungsglied 29, das die Strahlenbündel 22, 23 wieder vereinigt. Das Wegdifferenzgtied 25 erzeugt eine veränderbare optische Wegdifferenz δ. Die vereinigten Strahlenbündel 22, 23 fallen auf einen Strahlendetektor 30, der mit einem elektronischen Signalverarbeitungsglied 31 verbunden ist.In the arrangement according to FIG. 7 ', the scattered radiation scattered on the security thread 1 strikes two angular separation elements 20, 21, each of which passes a narrow beam 22, 23 with an advantageously variable mean scattering angle ϑ or ϑ'. The beam 22 passes through a deflection member 24, a path difference member 25 and a deflection member 26. and the beam 23 via deflection members 27, 28 to a superposition member 29, which combines the beams 22, 23 again. The path difference element 25 generates a variable optical path difference δ. The combined beams 22, 23 fall on a radiation detector 30 which is connected to an electronic signal processing element 31.

Auf der Detektionsfläche des Strahlendetekiors 30 erscheinen infolge der entstehenden Interferenzen der Strahlenbündel 22, 23 Interferenzstreifen, deren Intensität I = I (δ) in Abhängigkeit von der Wegdifferenz δ variiert. Das Signalverarbeitungsglied 31 berechnet aus dem Maximalwert und dem Minimalwert der Intensität I = I(δ) den sogenannten Kontrast |µ| der Interferenzstreifen. Dieser Kontrast ist eine vom Kohärenzgrad der beiden Strahlenbündel 22, 23 abhängige Grösse. Der gemessene Kohärenzgrad ist eine Funktion der Streuwinkel ϑ und ϑ' und wird im Signalverarbeitungsglied 31 mit gespeicherten Sollwerten verglichen.Interference fringes appear on the detection surface of the radiation detector 30 as a result of the interferences of the beam bundles 22, 23, the intensity of which varies I = I (δ) as a function of the path difference δ. The signal processing element 31 calculates the so-called contrast | μ | from the maximum value and the minimum value of the intensity I = I (δ) the interference fringe. This contrast is a variable that depends on the degree of coherence of the two beams 22, 23. The measured degree of coherence is one Function of the scattering angles ϑ and ϑ 'and is compared in the signal processing element 31 with stored target values.

Vorteilhaft wird bei der Kohärenzgradmessung das Dokument 5 parallel zur Längsrichtung des Sicherheitsfadens 1 bewegt, um den Mittelwert über mindestens eine bestimmte Teillänge des Sicherheitsfadens zu bilden.When measuring the degree of coherence, the document 5 is advantageously moved parallel to the longitudinal direction of the security thread 1 in order to form the mean value over at least a certain partial length of the security thread.

Die Kohärenzgradmessung ermöglicht auch dann einen zuverlässigen Nachweis des Sicherheitsfadens 1, wenn dieser in einem diffus streuenden Material eingebettet ist. Anstelle des Kontrastes |µ| kann auch die sogenannte Intensitätskorrelation zweiter Ordnung g(2) gemessen werden, die ebenfalls ein Mass für den Kohärenzgrad darstellt.The degree of coherence measurement also enables reliable detection of the security thread 1 when it is embedded in a diffusely scattering material. Instead of the contrast | µ | the so-called second order intensity correlation g (2) can also be measured, which also represents a measure of the degree of coherence.

Die in der Fig. 8 dargestellte Anordnung besteht aus einer Strahlenquelle 8' mit veränderbarer Wellenlänge λ, einem Strahlendetektor 32 und einem Signalverarbeitungsglied 33. Als Strahtenquelle 8' kann z.B. ein Farbstofflaser oder eine Lichtquelle mit Spalt und Verlaufsfilter dienen. Der Strahlendetektor 32 sondert aus der Streustrahlung ein enges Strahlenbündel 34 aus und erfasst dessen Intensität, die vom Streuwinkel ϑ und von der Wellenlänge λ abhängig ist. Zur Echtheitsprüfung des Dokumentes 5 wird die Wellenlänge λ des Strahls 2 variiert, die Weltentängenabhängigkeit der Intensität des Strahlenbündels 34, d.h. die Dispersion, gemessen und im Signalverarbeitungsglied 33 mit gespeicherten Sollwerten verglichen.The arrangement shown in Fig. 8 consists of a radiation source 8 'with variable wavelength λ, a radiation detector 32 and a signal processing element 33. As a radiation source 8', e.g. a dye laser or a light source with a slit and gradient filter. The radiation detector 32 separates a narrow beam 34 from the scattered radiation and detects its intensity, which is dependent on the scattering angle ϑ and on the wavelength λ. In order to check the authenticity of document 5, the wavelength λ of the beam 2 is varied, the dependence on the world length of the intensity of the beam 34, i.e. the dispersion, measured and compared in the signal processing element 33 with stored target values.

Durch entsprechende Formgebung des Querschnittes des Sicherheitsfadens 1 bzw. 1' und durch die Wahl der Anzahl Messpunkte der Intensitäts-, Kohärenzgrad- oder Dispersionsmessungen in Abhängigkeit vom Streuwinkel ϑ und von der Wettenlänge λ hat man es in der Hand, die Fälschungssicherheit den jeweiligen Anforderungen anzupassen. Es ist möglich, die Winketverteilung der Intensität der Streustrahlung auch im Resonanzbereich für sehr komplizierte Querschnittsformen zu berechnen, und umgekehrt kann man rechnerisch nach Querschnittsformen suchen, die für eine vorbestimmte Wellenlänge und Einfaltsrichtung des elektromagnetischen Strahls 2 besonders charakteristische Streueigenschaften besitzen.By appropriately shaping the cross-section of the security thread 1 or 1 'and by selecting the number of measuring points of the intensity, coherence degree or dispersion measurements depending on the scattering angle ϑ and the betting length λ, it is possible to adapt the counterfeit security to the respective requirements . It is possible to calculate the angular distribution of the intensity of the scattered radiation even in the resonance range for very complicated cross-sectional shapes, and conversely, one can search for cross-sectional shapes that are suitable for a predetermined wavelength and fold-in direction of the electromagnetic beam 2 have particularly characteristic scattering properties.

Claims (8)

1. Dokument mit mindestens einem Sicherheitsfaden, der mittels elektromagnetischer Strahlung nachweisbare Echtheitsmerkmale besitzt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Querschnitt des Sicherheitsfadens (1; 1') eine vorbestimmte, über eine vorgegebene Länge konstante, sich sowohl von einem Rechteck als auch von einem Kreis unterscheidende Form aufweist.1. Document with at least one security thread which has authenticity features which can be detected by means of electromagnetic radiation, characterized in that the cross section of the security thread (1; 1 ') is a predetermined one, which is constant over a predetermined length and differs both from a rectangle and from a circle Has shape. 2. Dokument nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Querschnitt des Sicherheitsfadens (1; 1') die Form eines unregelmässigen Polygons aufweist.2. Document according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the security thread (1; 1 ') has the shape of an irregular polygon. 3. Dokument nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sicherheitsfaden (1; 1') in mindestens eine folienförmige Schicht (6; 7) des Dokumentes (5') eingebettet ist.3. Document according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the security thread (1; 1 ') is embedded in at least one film-shaped layer (6; 7) of the document (5'). 4. Dokument nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abmessungen des Querschnittes des Sicherheitsfadens (1; 1') in der Grössenordnung der Wellenlänge infraroter Strahlung liegt..4. Document according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the dimensions of the cross section of the security thread (1; 1 ') is in the order of magnitude of the wavelength of infrared radiation. 5. Verfahren zur Echtheitsprüfung eines Dokumentes nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein elektromagnetischer Strahl (2), dessen Wellenlänge in der Grössenordnung der Abmessungen des Querschnitts des Sicherheitsfadens (1 ; 1') liegt, auf den Sicherheitsfaden (1; 1') gelenkt wird und dass mittels mindestens eines Strahlendetektors (10 bis 12; 30; 32) und eines elektronischen Signalverarbeitungsgliedes (16; 31; 33) geprüft wird, ob der Strahl (2) am Sicherheitsfaden (1; 1') auf vorbestimmte charakteristische Weise gestreut wird.5. A method for checking the authenticity of a document according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that an electromagnetic beam (2), the wavelength of which is of the order of the dimensions of the cross section of the security thread (1; 1 '), on the security thread (1 ; 1 ') is steered and that at least one radiation detector (10 to 12; 30; 32) and an electronic signal processing element (16; 31; 33) are used to check whether the beam (2) on the security thread (1; 1') predetermined characteristic way is scattered. 6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Winkelverteilung der Intensität der am Sicherheitsfaden (1; 1') gestreuten Streustrahlung gemessen wird.6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the angular distribution of the intensity of the scattered radiation scattered on the security thread (1; 1 ') is measured. 7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass aus der am Sicherheitsfaden (1; 1') gestreuten Streustrahlung mindestens zwei enge Strahlenbündel (22; 23) ausgesondert werden und dass eine vom Kohärenzgrad der beiden Strahlenbündel (22; 23) abhängige Grösse gemessen wird.7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that at least two narrow beams (22; 23) are separated from the scattered radiation scattered on the security thread (1; 1 ') and that a size dependent on the degree of coherence of the two beams (22; 23) is measured becomes. 8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass aus der am Sicherheitsfaden (1; 1') gestreuten Streustrahlung mindestens ein enges Strahlenbündel (34) ausgesondert wird, dass die Wellenlänge (λ) des elektromagnetischen Strahls (2) variiert wird und dass die Wellenlängenabhängigkeit der Intensität des ausgesonderten Strahlenbündels (34) gemessen wird.8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that from the scattered radiation scattered on the security thread (1; 1 ') at least one narrow beam (34) is rejected, that the wavelength (λ) of the electromagnetic beam (2) is varied and that Wavelength dependence of the intensity of the discarded beam (34) is measured.
EP81110619A 1981-04-16 1981-12-19 Document with a security strip, and method of checking its genuineness Expired EP0064102B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2558/81 1981-04-16
CH2558/81A CH653459A5 (en) 1981-04-16 1981-04-16 DOCUMENT WITH A SECURITY THREAD AND METHOD for currency authentication SAME.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0064102A2 true EP0064102A2 (en) 1982-11-10
EP0064102A3 EP0064102A3 (en) 1983-08-10
EP0064102B1 EP0064102B1 (en) 1986-02-26

Family

ID=4236500

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81110619A Expired EP0064102B1 (en) 1981-04-16 1981-12-19 Document with a security strip, and method of checking its genuineness

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4710627A (en)
EP (1) EP0064102B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS57178895A (en)
CH (1) CH653459A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3173935D1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0208573A1 (en) * 1985-06-24 1987-01-14 ARJOMARI-PRIOUX Société anonyme dite Security document using optical fibres, and authentication process
WO1987001845A1 (en) * 1985-09-19 1987-03-26 N.V. Bekaert S.A. Method and apparatus for checking the authenticity of documents and documents used therefor
EP0682328A1 (en) * 1994-05-11 1995-11-15 Unicate B.V. Scanning device

Families Citing this family (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60112481A (en) * 1983-11-24 1985-06-18 Nippon Koovan Kk Article for preventing document from being duplicated and manufacture of said article
US4988875A (en) * 1988-12-13 1991-01-29 At&T Bell Laboratories Near infrared polyethylene inspection system and method
US4950905A (en) * 1989-02-06 1990-08-21 Xerox Corporation Colored toner optical developability sensor with improved sensing latitude
DE4429689C2 (en) * 1994-08-22 2003-06-26 Whd Elektron Prueftech Gmbh Test arrangement and method for checking documents in processing machines
US5790025A (en) * 1996-08-01 1998-08-04 International Business Machines Corporation Tamper detection using bulk multiple scattering
DE19703637C5 (en) * 1997-01-31 2004-09-30 Schwarz Druck Gmbh & Co Kg authenticity testing system
US6552290B1 (en) * 1999-02-08 2003-04-22 Spectra Systems Corporation Optically-based methods and apparatus for performing sorting coding and authentication using a gain medium that provides a narrowband emission
US6473165B1 (en) 2000-01-21 2002-10-29 Flex Products, Inc. Automated verification systems and methods for use with optical interference devices
US6290130B1 (en) * 2000-04-13 2001-09-18 Drexler Technology Corporation Anti-counterfeit authentication method for optical memory cards and hybrid smart cards
GB0025096D0 (en) * 2000-10-13 2000-11-29 Bank Of England Detection of printing and coating media
WO2002076760A1 (en) * 2001-03-27 2002-10-03 Kabushiki Kaisha Topcon Card true/false decision apparatus
JP2002288604A (en) * 2001-03-27 2002-10-04 Topcon Corp Authenticity determining device of card
US6970236B1 (en) 2002-08-19 2005-11-29 Jds Uniphase Corporation Methods and systems for verification of interference devices
DE10246563A1 (en) * 2002-10-05 2004-04-15 november Aktiengesellschaft Gesellschaft für Molekulare Medizin Color determination device for determining the colors on a surface, said colors varying dependent on the angle of observation, e.g. for banknote checking, whereby an arrangement of angled light emitters and detectors is used
JP4366104B2 (en) * 2003-04-17 2009-11-18 日立オムロンターミナルソリューションズ株式会社 Paper sheet discrimination device
US20080203333A1 (en) * 2007-02-23 2008-08-28 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Sheet discrimination apparatus and image forming apparatus
US7742171B2 (en) * 2007-08-06 2010-06-22 Ci Systems Ltd. Reflectivity/emissivity measurement probe insensitive to variations in probe-to-target distance
CN101519857B (en) * 2008-02-29 2011-08-24 上海柯斯造纸防伪技术有限公司 Anti-counterfeiting fiber with fluorescence fiber color changing with the change of optic angle of exciting light and anti-counterfeiting material
DE102013216308A1 (en) * 2013-08-16 2015-02-19 Bundesdruckerei Gmbh Method and device for checking a security element of a security document

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1929828A (en) * 1931-11-24 1933-10-10 Schlitz John Fraud-preventing paper
DE677711C (en) * 1932-10-05 1939-07-01 Oskar Denzler Dr Process for the production of security paper, banknotes, documents, textiles or similar materials with secret identification
DE1446851A1 (en) * 1963-07-08 1968-11-21 Portals Ltd Security device, in particular for security paper, and process for their production
DE2001944A1 (en) * 1970-01-16 1971-07-22 Siemens Ag Banknotes
FR2101714A5 (en) * 1970-07-30 1972-03-31 Nat Rejectors Gmbh
US3766452A (en) * 1972-07-13 1973-10-16 L Burpee Instrumented token
FR2177768A1 (en) * 1972-03-30 1973-11-09 Ibm
FR2287069A1 (en) * 1974-10-01 1976-04-30 Grey Lab Establishment CONTROL DEVICE FOR PARTS AND DOCUMENTS
FR2382541A1 (en) * 1977-03-01 1978-09-29 Bank Of England SECURITY PROCESS AND MEANS, ESPECIALLY AGAINST FORGIVERS
EP0037507A1 (en) * 1980-04-03 1981-10-14 Agfa-Gevaert AG Identity card or document with integrated security thread

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1552853A (en) * 1976-09-24 1979-09-19 Bank Of England Authentication devices
US4306151A (en) * 1978-02-03 1981-12-15 Measurex Corporation Method of measuring the amount of substance associated with a material in the presence of a contaminant
JPS58175091A (en) * 1982-04-06 1983-10-14 株式会社東芝 Security thread detector

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1929828A (en) * 1931-11-24 1933-10-10 Schlitz John Fraud-preventing paper
DE677711C (en) * 1932-10-05 1939-07-01 Oskar Denzler Dr Process for the production of security paper, banknotes, documents, textiles or similar materials with secret identification
DE1446851A1 (en) * 1963-07-08 1968-11-21 Portals Ltd Security device, in particular for security paper, and process for their production
DE2001944A1 (en) * 1970-01-16 1971-07-22 Siemens Ag Banknotes
FR2101714A5 (en) * 1970-07-30 1972-03-31 Nat Rejectors Gmbh
FR2177768A1 (en) * 1972-03-30 1973-11-09 Ibm
US3766452A (en) * 1972-07-13 1973-10-16 L Burpee Instrumented token
FR2287069A1 (en) * 1974-10-01 1976-04-30 Grey Lab Establishment CONTROL DEVICE FOR PARTS AND DOCUMENTS
FR2382541A1 (en) * 1977-03-01 1978-09-29 Bank Of England SECURITY PROCESS AND MEANS, ESPECIALLY AGAINST FORGIVERS
EP0037507A1 (en) * 1980-04-03 1981-10-14 Agfa-Gevaert AG Identity card or document with integrated security thread

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0208573A1 (en) * 1985-06-24 1987-01-14 ARJOMARI-PRIOUX Société anonyme dite Security document using optical fibres, and authentication process
WO1987001845A1 (en) * 1985-09-19 1987-03-26 N.V. Bekaert S.A. Method and apparatus for checking the authenticity of documents and documents used therefor
EP0682328A1 (en) * 1994-05-11 1995-11-15 Unicate B.V. Scanning device
NL9400782A (en) * 1994-05-11 1995-12-01 Unicate Bv Scanning device.
US5621219A (en) * 1994-05-11 1997-04-15 Unicate B.V. Device for scanning the geometrical pattern of a mark of an object

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS57178895A (en) 1982-11-04
EP0064102A3 (en) 1983-08-10
EP0064102B1 (en) 1986-02-26
US4710627A (en) 1987-12-01
DE3173935D1 (en) 1986-04-03
CH653459A5 (en) 1985-12-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0064102B1 (en) Document with a security strip, and method of checking its genuineness
EP0057271B1 (en) Method for preventing the sucessful forgery of documents and device therefor
DE2260090C3 (en) Photoelectric device for determining the roughness or smoothness of diffuse-scattering surfaces
DE2814890C2 (en) Optical reader
EP0077917A2 (en) Apparatus for the verification of documents
CH653161A5 (en) DOCUMENT WITH A SECURITY CHARACTERISTIC AND METHOD FOR CHECKING THE DOCUMENT FOR AUTHENTICITY.
EP2228671B1 (en) Safety element
DE10234431A1 (en) Device and method for processing documents of value
DE3642377A1 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE THICKNESS OF A FILM OR LEAF-LIKE MATERIAL
DE10037664B4 (en) Method for verification of thickness modulation in or on sheet material
WO2001061654A2 (en) Methods and devices for verifying the authenticity of printed objects
EP2773928B1 (en) Sensor for verifying value documents
CH671299A5 (en)
DE2107113A1 (en) Paper intended for printing banknotes in the form of a ribbon or sheet with a security structure and a detector system to identify this security structure
DE10125454B4 (en) Device for X-ray analysis with a multi-layer mirror and an output collimator
EP3898248B1 (en) Security element active in the thz range and method for production thereof
DE3336210A1 (en) Method and device for level measurement
DE2853816A1 (en) LEVEL MEASURING DEVICE
WO2002052498A2 (en) Device and method for investigating the magnetic properties of objects
DE102013206693A1 (en) Device for interferential distance measurement
EP3221853B1 (en) Method and device for capturing of emitted light and method for the manufacturing
EP1567991A2 (en) Method and device for verifying valuable documents
DE3418055C2 (en) Device for generating and detecting a parallel bundle of light beams
DE102014204302A1 (en) Apparatus and method for checking at least one security element of a security document
DE102020002587A1 (en) Method and device for testing a substrate with a luminescent substance

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT NL

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT NL

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19831006

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: STUDIO JAUMANN

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT NL

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3173935

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19860403

ET Fr: translation filed
PLBI Opposition filed

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260

26 Opposition filed

Opponent name: GAO GESELLSCHAFT FUER AUTOMATION UND ORGANISATION

Effective date: 19861125

NLR1 Nl: opposition has been filed with the epo

Opponent name: GAO GESELLSCHAFT FUER AUTOMATION UND ORGANISATION

ITPR It: changes in ownership of a european patent

Owner name: OFFERTA DI LICENZA AL PUBBLICO

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 746

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: DL

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19871231

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19881208

Year of fee payment: 8

ITTA It: last paid annual fee
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19890121

Year of fee payment: 8

RDAG Patent revoked

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009271

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: PATENT REVOKED

27W Patent revoked

Effective date: 19890522

NLR2 Nl: decision of opposition
GBPR Gb: patent revoked under art. 102 of the ep convention designating the uk as contracting state