DE102004044539A1 - Electromagnetic pump for chemical industry applications has coils between electrodes embedded in pipe walls - Google Patents

Abstract

An electromagnetic pump delivers a supply of a liquid medium that is also a conductor of electricity. The magnetic field and current are at right angles to each other and together cause the Lorentz force on the liquid. The pump incorporates an insulated tube for the liquid medium. The tube incorporates two central symmetrical facing electrodes located in the pipe wall. The pipe has external magnetic coils located between the anode and cathode electrodes. The number of coils is the same as the number of electrode pairs.

Description

The The invention relates to a device for moving electrically conductive liquid Media with a static magnetic field and a current flowing from one Power source delivered and over Electrodes supplied to the medium where at least components of magnetic field and current are perpendicular to each other and produce a Lorentz force, the movement of the medium.

at usual Means for moving electrically conductive liquid media, especially in electromagnetic pumping systems, the force effect a magnetic field on a current-carrying conductor for pumping liquid Metals exploited. The electrical conductor here is the liquid metal even.

The Types of electromagnetic pumps can be divided into two groups become.

at In one group, the magnetic field moves and induces the stream, similar as in an asynchronous motor, in the electrically conductive liquid medium even.

at the other group, which is also attributable to the invention rests the magnetic field and the power necessary for pumping is from a outside lying current source and via electrodes to the liquid medium added and removed.

The forced movement of an electrically conductive liquid medium is in the publication "The Electrodynamics of Fluids ", publisher John Wiley & Sons, Described in 1966. The forced movement by intersecting constant electric and magnetic fields are in different devices and facilities used.

A device for flow control of a melt is in the document EP 0207 526 B1 described. The device has a space for a melt flow path, which is located where a magnetic field and an electric current intersect perpendicularly, while the melt flow path intersects both the magnetic field and the electric current perpendicularly, the material whose electrical potential is Resistance changes with a change in temperature of the melt, in a path of the electric current is attached and / or the material whose magnetic force changes with a change in temperature of the melt is mounted in at least one of the means for generating the magnetic field and a path of the magnetic field , The magnets are installed in a pipe channel.

One Problem is that in the central area of the pipe channel the elongated ones There are magnets that brake the metal flow. In the case of external application of magnets, a ferromagnetic part is placed in the pipe channel. The melt moves in the cylindrical channel and cuts vertically the magnetic field. The generated azimuthal electric current participates the magnetic field and slows down the liquid Metal.

A device for moving an electrically conductive liquid medium in farm of a pressure pump is in the publications EP 0 453 567 B1 and EP 0 500 970 B1 described which is provided with a tubular superconducting magnet coil, a helical pressure tube, which is inserted into the hollow interior of the superconducting magnet coil, and an inlet and an outlet and an outlet in the direction of the central longitudinal axis at one Side has a magnetic coil. The pressure pump also has two electrodes, namely an anode and a cathode, the electrodes having the helical shape of the pressure tube and wherein the anode is continuously attached to an inner side wall of the pressure tube and inside it and the cathode continuously on an opposite, facing the electromagnet Sidewall and is arranged in the interior of the pressure tube.

The Pressure pump has a spiral shape with a rectangular cross-section. A pair of electrodes is placed in the hollow interior of the superconducting Magnetic coil inserted. The anode and the cathode are continuously on opposite Arranged sides of the rectangular channel.

One Problem is that the output of the channel is rectangular is. Therefore, the vortex formation of the liquid medium in the rectangular Channel very high.

An electromagnetic pump for an electrically conductive liquid medium is in the document DE 33 04 624 described. The pump has channels in which the liquid medium is moved and contacted via electrodes, a first DC source connected to the electrodes and an electromagnet which forms through the channels a magnetic field having a component perpendicular to the current flow. The windings of the electromagnet are made of a material which becomes superconducting at low temperatures, so that the windings are cooled to a temperature at which they are superconducting and that a second current source is connected to the windings and provides an excitation current.

One Problem is that the channel for the liquid medium, which through the Plant is pumped, only has a rectangular cross-section. The Electrodes are opposite each other. There is no vortex formation.

Of the Invention is based on the object, a device for moving of electrically conductive liquid Specify media that is designed so that the turbulence be reduced in Ka channel and the flow is designed such that the heat transfer between the medium and the channel wall is improved.

• – Ein Isolatorrohr, in dem das elektrisch leitende flüssige Medium strömt,
• – mindestens zwei sich radial gegenüberliegende Paare von länglichen Katoden und Anoden, wobei die Elektrodenpaare zentralsymmetrisch in der Rohrwand des Isolatorrohrs angeordnet sind,
• – Magnetspulen, die von außerhalb des Isolatorrohrs und sich gegenüberliegend zwischen Katode und Anode eines Elektrodenpaares angeordnet sind, wobei die Magnetspulenanzahl der Elektrodenpaaranzahl entspricht,

wobei die sich radial gegenüberliegenden Magnetspulen sich gleichpolig zugewandt außerhalb des Isolatorrohrs angeordnet sind und ein radiales Magnetfeld B_r erzeugen.The object is achieved with the features of claim 1. The apparatus for moving electroconductive liquid media having a quiescent magnetic field and a current supplied from a power source and supplied via electrodes to the medium, wherein at least components of magnetic field and current are perpendicular to each other and generate a Lorentz force for movement of the medium contains, according to claim 1 the following components:

• An insulator tube in which the electrically conductive liquid medium flows,
• At least two radially opposed pairs of elongated cathodes and anodes, wherein the pairs of electrodes are arranged centrally symmetrically in the tube wall of the insulator tube,
• - Magnet coils, which are arranged from outside the insulator tube and opposite between the cathode and anode of a pair of electrodes, wherein the number of magnetic coils corresponds to the number of electrode pairs,

wherein the radially opposite magnetic coils are arranged with the same polarity outside of the insulator tube and generate a radial magnetic field B _r .

The Electrode pairs and the magnet coil pairs are associated with each other.

The Cathodes and anodes are essentially elongated and on the insulator tube directed parallel to each other azimuthally.

The Electrode pairs are connected to a power supply unit via electrical Supply lines connected.

The Solenoids are connected to a power supply unit via energetic Supply lines in connection.

The Insulator tube can be connected to two metal pipes on the front side be, optionally between each of the terminals transition elements, in particular thermo-isolator discs are located.

In the region of the cathodes and anodes, the magnetic field B _r , the current component j _θ and the associated Lorentz force F _{z are present} in the axial direction, the current component j _{θ in} each case extending from the anode to the cathode in the liquid medium.

The radial magnetic field B _r - the magnetic flux density - is due to the Gleichpolige juxtaposition (either south pole or north pole) of the magnetic coils directed radially relative to the center.

To improve the heat transfer between the liquid medium and the insulator tube, there is a helical movement of the liquid medium in the cylindrical insulator tube, which is based on the fact that the anodes and cathodes belonging to a pair of electrodes are offset in the axial direction relative to each other, so that in each case an axial component of the electric current j _z is formed, wherein the axial Lorentz force F _z and the azimuthal component of the Lorentz force F _θ overlap to a resultant, the causes a spiraling movement of the liquid medium.

The Cathodes are opposite the anodes are offset by the displacement v in the flow direction of the medium, wherein the pairs of magnetic coils face each other with their south pole S and north pole N, respectively. Are the magnetic coils with their north pole opposite each other, so with the same arrangement of the electrode pairs a flow in the other direction of the pipe axis brought about. By simultaneously changing the opposite poles from south pole to North pole or vice versa, the direction of movement of the liquid medium thus be reversed.

The Device for moving electrically conductive liquid media can in a cooling system Available and / or with a cooler over metal pipes communicate in which the coolant flows and the cooler optionally attached to the metal tube by means of a connecting sleeve is.

A spiral Medium movement in the flow direction is due to the shifted electrodes under the influence of the two homopolar (either south pole or North Pole) opposite arranged magnetic coils available.

in the Below is the operation of the device according to the invention for moving electrically conductive liquid media with and without Displacement of the cathodes opposite the anodes in the respective electrode pairs explained in more detail.

In the insulator tube is the electrically conductive liquid medium. An azimuthal electric current j _{θ flows} between the anodes and the non-offset cathodes, so that, due to the interaction with the radially directed magnetic field B _r, an axial Lorentz force F _z acts on the liquid medium moving through the insulator tube, in particular pumped becomes. Although at least two pairs of electrodes are required for proper flow generation, the anodes and the cathodes thereof are arranged such that a current flows from an anode of a pair of electrodes to the cathode of the adjacent pair of electrodes within the liquid medium. Since the respective magnetic fields between the anode and the cathode are directed essentially in the radial direction regardless of which neighborhood, a Lorentz force F _{z is obtained} along the z-directional insulator tube axis. The Lorentz force F _z is formed from the center to the Isolatorrohrwandung depending on the radius steadily increasing.

As a result of the inventive displacement of the cathode relative to the anode within an electrode pair, there is in each case a dislocation-inclined current with an axial current component j _z .

The interaction between the current j _z and the magnetic field B _r thus produces an azimuthal, circumferentially directed component of the Lorentz force F _θ = j _z B _r , so that the pumped liquid medium is simultaneously set in a rotary motion, in a stirring motion, which generates a spiral flow in composition of the components F _z and F _θ .

The Invention opened the possibility, that in the tubular execution the establishment of a movement for the transport of the medium in the form of an electric-magnetic Pump generated and at the same time by the rotational movement of the medium a stirring effect allows is, in particular the wall of the insulator tube so intense touched, that in addition an intense heat transfer guaranteed is.

The inventive device can be integrated as an insert, attachment and / or trailer in systems, in which electrically conductive liquid Medium promoted, transported, rotated, pumped and / or driven and thus generally being moved.

The inventive device is for example in a continuous casting in conjunction with a cooler or in refrigeration systems of nuclear engineering, in which electrically conductive liquid metal as Heat transport medium serves, can be used.

further developments and detailed embodiments of the invention are set forth in further subclaims.

The Invention will be described with reference to several embodiments by means of several Drawings closer explained.

It demonstrate:

1 a schematic perspective view of the device for moving electrically conductive liquid media between two connected metal pipes,

2 a schematic representation of the device in cross section with the representations of the Lorentz force F _z in 2a and in 2 B at different positions in the tube interior with protruding into the insulator tube and convexly curved electrodes,

3 a schematic representation of the device in plan view arranged with similarly juxtaposed electrodes and a Lorentz force representation in 3a .

4 a schematic relative distribution of the Lorentz force in the radial direction between the z-axis of the insulator tube at the radius r = 0 and the wall of the insulator tube,

5 a schematic distribution of the axial velocity of the medium in the insulator tube for 2 , where the effective range of the Lorentz force F _z in the range z / R at 3.5-4.0 for a vertical section parallel to the z-axis is shown, calculated with the data: ρ = 6000 kgm ^-3 ; σ = 3 × 10 ⁶ AV ^-1 m ^-1 ; μ = 2 x 10 ^-3 Nsm ^-2 ; B = 1 T; Δφ = 5 × 10 ^-3 V.

6 a schematic representation of the device in plan view with cathodes, which are offset from the anodes in the longitudinal axis direction, and the associated Lorentz force component representation in 6a .

7 a schematic representation of the device in cross section 2 with smoothly on the Isolatorrohrinnenwandung final electrodes,

8th a schematic side view of a device with a spiral flow movement between two metal pipes connected on both sides including a mounted on a metal pipe radiator cooling system,

9 a distribution of velocities in the insulator tube for the device according to 2 for the azimuthal speed in 9a and the meridional speed in 9b in vertical sections, calculated with the data: ρ = 6000 kgm ^-3 ; σ = 3 × 10 ⁶ AV ^-1 m ^-1 ; μ = 2 x 10 ^-3 Nsm ^-2 ; B = 1 T; Δφ = 5 × 10 ^-3 V and F _θ = 0.05 F _z .

10 a schematic representation of the structure of a continuous casting plant including the device in longitudinal section,

11 a schematic representation of a device in a continuous casting in cross section along the line AA in 10 according to a device according to 2 and

12 a distribution of velocities in the continuous casting of a metal with an azimuthal velocity distribution in 12a and a meridional velocity distribution in 12b , calculated with the data: ρ = 7000 kgm ^-3 ; σ = 3 × 10 ⁶ AV ^-1 m ^-1 ; μ = 2 x 10 ^-3 Nsm ^-2 ; B = 0.1T; Δφ = 5 × 10 ^-3 V.

The Reference numerals are for Parts with the same functions are largely maintained throughout.

• – Ein Isolatorrohr 3, in dem das elektrisch leitende flüssige Medium 2 strömen kann,
• – mindestens zwei sich radial gegenüberliegende Elektrodenpaare 4, 5 und 8, 9 sowie 6, 7 und 10, 11 von länglichen Katoden 4, 6, 8, 10 und Anoden 5, 7, 9, 11, wobei die Elektrodenpaare 4, 5; 6, 7; 8, 9; 10, 11 zentralsymmetrisch in der Rohrwand des Isolatorrohrs 3 angeordnet sind,
• – Magnetspulen 12, 13, 14, 15, die außerhalb des Isolatorrohrs 3 sich gegenüberliegend, zwischen den Katoden 4, 6, 8, 10 und den Anoden 5, 7, 9, 11, eines Elektrodenpaares 4, 5; 6, 7; 8, 9; 10, 11 angeordnet sind, wobei die Magnetspulenanzahl der Elektrodenpaaranzahl entspricht und

wobei die sich radial gegenüberliegenden Magnetspulen 12, 13 und 14, 15 sich gleichpolig zugewandt außerhalb des Isolatorrohrs 3 angeordnet sind und ein radiales Magnetfeld B_r erzeugen.The following are the 1 . 2 and 3 considered together. In 1 is a schematic representation of a device according to the invention 1 for moving electrically conductive liquid media 2 shown containing the following components:

• - An insulator tube 3 in which the electrically conductive liquid medium 2 can flow
• - At least two radially opposite electrode pairs 4 . 5 and 8th . 9 such as 6 . 7 and 10 . 11 of elongated cathodes 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 and anodes 5 . 7 . 9 . 11 , where the pairs of electrodes 4 . 5 ; 6 . 7 ; 8th . 9 ; 10 . 11 Centrally symmetrical in the tube wall of the insulator tube 3 are arranged
• - Magnetic coils 12 . 13 . 14 . 15 that are outside the insulator tube 3 Opposite, between the cathodes 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 and the anodes 5 . 7 . 9 . 11 , a pair of electrodes 4 . 5 ; 6 . 7 ; 8th . 9 ; 10 . 11 are arranged, wherein the number of magnetic coils corresponds to the electrode pair number and

wherein the radially opposed magnetic coils 12 . 13 and 14 . 15 facing the same pole except half of the insulator tube 3 are arranged and generate a radial magnetic field B _r .

Preferably, the cathodes 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 and anodes 5 . 7 . 9 . 11 elongated with rounded end formed in the insulator tube 3 are arranged azimuthally. The insulator tube 3 has a z-longitudinal axis 16 on.

Preferably, all electrodes protrude 4 to 11 in the radial direction over the inner wall of the insulator tube 3 inwardly and form a convexly curved in cross-section surface 42 ,

The electrode pairs 4 . 5 ; 6 . 7 ; 8th . 9 ; 10 . 11 are with a power supply unit 17 via electrical supply lines 18 . 19 connected.

Likewise are the magnetic coils 12 to 15 with a power supply unit 20 via energy supply lines 21 in connection.

The electrode pairs 4 . 5 ; 8th . 9 and 6 . 7 ; 10 . 11 and the solenoid pairs 12 . 13 and 14 . 15 are assigned to each other.

In 1 is the insulator tube 3 on two metal pipes 22 . 23 each connected at the front. In each case between the terminals, transition elements, in particular thermo-isolator discs can 24 . 25 are located.

In 2a are in an excerpt in the area of the anode 5 and the right side cathode 4 the magnetic field B _r , the current component j _θ and the associated Lorentz force F _z in the longitudinal axis direction 16 shown. The current component j _θ extends from the anode 5 to the right side cathode 4 in the liquid medium 2 , The radial magnetic field B _r - the magnetic flux density - is due to the Gleichpolige Gegenüberstellungen - the South Pole - of the two magnetic coils 12 . 13 and 14 . 15 conditionally and due to the repulsion function directed radially away from the center. The Lorentz force F _z is in the longitudinal axis direction 16 of the insulator tube 3 directed.

In 2 B are also in an extract in the region of the anode at another point of the container interior 5 and the left-side cathode 10 as well as at the other locations the magnetic field B _r , the current component j _θ and the associated Lorentz force F _z in the axial direction 16 shown. The current component j _θ extends from the anode 5 to the cathode 10 in the liquid medium 2 , The radial magnetic field B _r is due to the Gleichpolige Gegenüberstellung - the South Pole - of the two pairs of magnetic coils 12 . 13 and 14 . 15 conditioned and by the repulsion function radially from the center 16 directed away. The Lorentz force F _z is also in the longitudinal axis direction 16 directed in the flow direction.

The following is the operation of the device according to the invention 1 for moving an electrically conductive liquid medium 2 explains:
The number of electrode pairs depends on the power requirement. The smaller the distance a between a cathode, eg 4 and an anode, eg 5 is, the greater is the electric current j and at the same time the performance of the device 1 , The magnetic coils 13 to 15 generate a radial magnetic field B _r . If the liquid medium 2 in the isolator tube 3 is located, electrical currents j _θ arise in the azimuthal direction between the cathodes 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 and the anodes 5 . 7 . 9 . 11 ,

In this case, an axial Lorentz force F _z = -j _θ B _{r is} generated by the interaction between the azimuthal electric current j _θ = σ (E _θ + u _z · B _r - u _r · B _Z ), which in the liquid medium 2 flows between the cathodes and the anodes, and the externally radial magnetic field B _r , as in Figs 2a and 2 B is shown.

In 3 are a schematic representation of the device 1 for moving the electrically conductive liquid medium 2 in plan view arranged with similarly juxtaposed electrodes and an associated Lorentz force representation in 3a between the anode 5 and the cathode 4 shown. It is zweckmä larly to avoid electrical interference, the distance L of the end faces of the electrodes 5 . 4 from the insulator tube ends much larger than the distance a between the azimuthal and parallel electrodes 5 . 4 to comply with L »a.

In 4 is a schematic relative distribution of the Lorentz force F / F ₀ in the radial direction between the z-axis of the insulator tube 3 at the radius r = 0 and the wall of the insulator tube 3 shown. In the region of zero radius, the Lorentz force F is very small, while it is on the walls of the tube 3 is highest.

To explain the operation of the device for moving electrically conductive liquid media and for calculating the distribution of currents, potentials and velocities in the medium 2 In the following, the Navier-Stokes equations are shown: ∇ · u → = 0, (1)

The Lorentz force F → _L is a vector product of the electric current density j → and of the magnetic induction B →: F → L = j → × B →. (3)

The projections of the Lorentz force F → _L on the cylindrical axes have the following shape: F Lr = j θ B z - j z B 0 , (4) F Lθ = j z B r - j r B z, (5) F lz = j r B θ - j θ B r , (6)

To calculate the current density Ohm's law is used: j → = σ (E → + u → x B →). (7)

The projections of the electric current density on the cylindrical axes have the following form: j r = σ (E r + θ B z - u z B θ ), (8th) j θ = σ (E θ + z B r - u r B z ), (9) j z = σ (E z + r B θ - u θ B r ). (10)

Here u _r , u _θ , u _z are the velocities in radial, azimuthal and axial directions; μ is the dynamic viscosity.

If the liquid medium 2 in the pipe 3 is present, the electric current is generated in the azimuthal direction between the cathode and anode. The axial Lorentz force F _Lz = -j _θ B _r , is determined by the interaction between the azimuthal electrical current j _θ = σ (E _θ + u _z B _r -U _r B _z ), which occurs in the liquid medium 2 flows between the cathode and the anode, and generates the external radial magnetic field B _r .

In order to obtain a rotational movement in addition to the axial movement, the cathodes are displaced in the axial direction in the flow direction relative to the anodes ( 6 ). In this case, an axial component of the electric current j _z . The interaction between j _z and B _r produces the azimuthal component of the Lorentz force F _Lθ = j _z B _r .

wobei der erste Term den Wärmetransport und der zweite Term die Wärmeerzeugung durch den elektrischen Strom definieren.Therefore, an estimation of the resulting current heat in the electrically conductive liquid medium is also useful:
If the velocity is low compared to the heat transport due to the thermal conductivity, the one-dimensional energy equation has the following form:

wherein the first term defines the heat transfer and the second term defines the heat generation by the electrical current.

Δθ_K__A – der Winkel zwischen der Katode und der Anode ist.After the integration by the radius r we have:

Δθ _K _ _A - is the angle between the cathode and the anode.

If it is assumed that the maximum temperature difference between the cathode and the anode on the pipe surface should be less than one degree centigrade, the following is obtained:

ist, wird erhalten:

Δφ – die Potentialdifferenz zwischen der Katode und der Anode; R – der Rohrradius; λ – der Koeffizient der Wärmeleitfähigkeit; σ – der Koeffizient der Leitfähigkeit sind.If it is also assumed that

is, is obtained:

Δφ - the potential difference between the cathode and the anode; R - the pipe radius; λ - the coefficient of thermal conductivity; σ - are the coefficient of conductivity.

When it is necessary to heat up the liquid medium, the voltage must be at least:

For the liquid metals, the potential difference between the cathode and the anode Δφ is about 10 ^-3 V.

The given equations are used for the calculation and training of the distributions of the currents, potentials shown in the figures and speeds.

In 5 is a schematic distribution of the velocity of the medium 2 in the insulator tube 3 For 1 to 3 shown, wherein the effective range of the Lorentz force F _z for a vertical section parallel to the z-axis 16 is shown.

In 6 are a schematic representation of the device 1 in plan view with cathodes 4 and 10 facing the anodes 5 and 7 in the longitudinal axis direction 16 and the associated Lorentz force component representation F _z and F _θ in 6a shown.

To also heat transfer between the liquid medium 2 and the insulator tube 3 are to generate a spiraling movement of the liquid medium 2 in the cylindrical insulator tube 3 , as in 6 is shown, belonging to a pair of electrodes anode 5 and cathode 4 to each other in the axial direction 16 offset, with the cathodes 4 . 10 to the anodes 5 . 7 in the predetermined flow direction of the liquid medium 2 are displaced displaced so that in each case an axial component of the electric current j _z is formed. The interaction between the axial current j _z and the radial magnetic field B _r produces the azimuthal component of the Lorentz force F _θ = j _z B _r . In this case, the axial Lorentz force F _z and the azimuthal component of the Lorentz force F _θ overlap to a resultant, the spiraling movement of the liquid medium 2 in the insulator tube 3 causes.

To the medium rotation in the axial z-direction 16 Total to get the cathodes 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 relative to the respectively associated anodes 5 . 7 . 9 . 11 in the axial direction 16 offset in the flow direction by the displacement v, as in 6 is shown.

In a spiral movement of the liquid medium 2 it is more convenient to use the electrodes 5 to 11 the surface of the smooth inner wall of the insulator tube 3 to adapt, as in modification of the one direction 1 in 7 is shown.

As an application example of a helical movement with included improved heat transfer, the inventive device 1 in a cooling system 26 , as in 8th is shown in a schematic side view, can be used. The device 1 with the two connected metal pipes 22 . 23 after the 1 . 6 and 7 is in the cooling system 26 from a cooler 27 surrounded in which the coolant 28 flows. The cooler 27 can by means of a connection sleeve 29 on the metal tube 23 be attached. The spiral medium movement 30 as the sum of the two azimuthal and axial Lorentz forces F _θ , F _z is in the flow direction 31 Representing all through the illustrated and offset electrodes 4 . 5 . 7 . 10 and under the influence of the two Gleichpolig - South Pole - oppositely arranged magnetic coils 14 and 15 generated.

F_θ= 00.5 F_z.In 9 is a distribution of velocities in the insulator tube 3 for the institution 1 in the cooling system 26 to 8th for the azimuthal speed in 9a and the meridional speed in 9b shown in vertical sections with the following data:
following data applied:

F _θ = 00.5 F _z .

The inventive device 1 can also be used in continuous casting plants. Here are the 10 . 11 and 12 considered together, the one continuous casting machine 32 in several views.

The continuous casting plant 32 points in 10 essentially a salaried insulator tube 3 as an attachment to which a coolant 34 containing cooling device 33 as a subset, and can optionally have a free surface 37 exhibit. Between the insulator tube 3 and the downstream cooling device 33 may be a preferably latching Thermoisolatorring 35 be provided. Likewise, the insulator tube 3 including the thermal insulator ring 35 from an additional thermal insulation jacket 45 be surrounded. The attached device 1 and the squat cooling device 33 essentially form the mold container 43 , In the 11 shown device 1 is essentially off 7 with the addition of the cooling device 33 accepted. The electrode pairs 4 . 5 ; 8th . 9 and 6 . 7 ; 10 . 11 and solenoid pairs 12 . 13 and 14 . 15 are equally trained here. In addition, as in 7 is shown in a schematic side view, in addition to generating a spiral movement in the sump or in the still liquid phase of the melt 2 two mutually offset pairs of electrodes, such as the cathode 6 and the anode 7 or the anode 9 and the cathode 8th according to the 11 be used. The entry of the melt 2 in the mold container 43 can in a seitli chen entry direction 38 from the entry nozzle 36 respectively. Spiral motion with its azimuthal motion component 39 comes, as in 10 is shown, even the meridional vortex formation 40 so that by the spiral movement a metal structure-improved grain growth in the solidification mass 41 can be promoted compared to the conventional lower-quality Spitzkristallwachstum.

The from the mold container 43 the continuous casting plant 32 pulled strand 41 exists during the run through the cooler 33 from an already solidified, gradually thickening shell and a correspondingly dwindling, still molten swamp. To achieve a uniform structure and for uniform distribution of segregations over the strand cross-section, the still liquid melt 2 thus stirred electromagnetically. For this purpose, the cathodes 4 . 6 and anodes 9 . 7 within the facility 1 arranged that the generated electric current j flows perpendicular to the magnetic field B. The resulting Lorentz force F acts in azimuthal and meridional directions. The ratios between the azimuthal and meridional forces can be determined by the displacement between the anodes 7 . 9 and the cathodes 4 . 6 be set vicariously.

The electromagnetic forces are in both directions - perpendicular and parallel - to the casting axis 44 ( 16 ) to a greater uniformity of the solidified metal 2 in order to avoid macrosegregations.

One Another object of the present invention is also to improve the quality of the interior and outer structure of to improve continuously cast metals.

The continuous casting plant 32 is presented as a combination of two principles of stirring in continuous casting:
Rotation - "rotary" stirring and
Translations - "up and down" stirring.

The method is that the double convection of the melt 2 , The azimuthal rotational movement and the axial movement, is generated by the radial magnetic fields and the azimuthal electric currents.

In the conventional constructions of a continuous casting plant, the cooling of the melt begins 2 directly from the top edge of the mold.

Compared to the conventional construction of a continuous casting is with the attached device according to the invention 1 the cooling section for the melt 2 in the mold container 43 the insulator tube 3 moved downstream. This results in a solidification of the melt 2 from their complete movement, but in a delayed manner and that at a distance that for the plant 32 necessary to melt 2 drive.

With the existing liquid metal 2 in the attached Kokillenisolatorrohr 3 the current flows between the cathodes and the neighboring anodes in the azimuthal direction. The current flows in the opposite direction to the left of the cathode compared to the right side of the cathode ( 11 ).

Since the magnetic field between the cathode and the left anode is in the opposite direction to the magnetic field between the cathode and the right anode, the Lorentz force, F _z = -j _θ B _r , has the same direction along the axis between each cathode and each anode. An approximate distribution of the Lorentz force along the radius can be found in the 4 be specified.

As a result of the displacement of the cathodes with respect to the anode, there is the axial component of the stream j _z, generated during the interaction with the B _r Azimutalkomponente the Lorentz force F = _θ j _z B _r. This force drives the rotational movement of the liquid metal 2 at. The example of the field of the speeds is in the 12 shown.

In 12 are the azimuthal velocity distribution 12a and the meridional velocity distribution 12b presented in a numerical modeling. 12a shows in the area near the Isolatorrohrwandung a high azimuthal speed with respect to the - "rotary" - stirring. 12b shows the opposite vortex formation once in the upper part above the cooling device 33 and in the lower part with respect to the - "up and down" - stirring with cooling in the continuous casting 43 after the 10 and 11 , where the opposite vortex formation is dependent on the magnitude of the flowing current j and the intensity of the applied magnetic field B. The numerical modeling is based on the following data: F _z = F _θ , ρ = 7000 kgm ^-3 ; σ = 3 × 10 ⁶ AV ^-1 m ^-1 ; μ = 2 x 10 ^-3 Nsm ^-2 ; B = 0.1T; Δφ = 5 · 10 ^-3 V as potential difference between cathode and anode.

1

Facility

2

electrical conductive liquid medium

3

insulating tube

4

first cathode

5

first anode

6

second cathode

7

second anode

8th

third cathode

9

third anode

10

fourth cathode

11

fourth anode

12

first solenoid

13

second solenoid

14

third solenoid

15

fourth solenoid

16

longitudinal axis

17

first Power supply unit

18

second Power supply unit

19

first Versorungungsleitungen

20

second supply lines

21

energetic supply lines

22

first metal pipe

23

second metal pipe

24

first transition element

25

second transition element

26

refrigeration Equipment

27

cooler

28

coolant

29

connecting sleeve

30

spiral movement direction

31

flow direction

32

continuous casting plant

33

cooler

34

coolant

35

Thermal insulator ring

36

Entry nozzle

37

free surface

38

entry direction

39

azimuthal direction of rotation

40

meridional swirl direction

41

Solidification mass - strand

42

surface

43

Kokillenbehälter

44

casting axis (16)

45

Thermal insulation mantle

F _z

axial Lorentz force

F _r

radial Lorentz force

F _θ

azimuthal Lorentz force

B _r

radial Component of magnetic flux density

B _z

axial Component of magnetic flux density

j _z

axial Component of the current density

j _θ

azimuthal Component of the current density

u _z

axial speed

u _r

radial speed

u _θ

azimuthal speed

ρ

 medium density

σ

conductivity

μ

dynamic viscosity

Δφ

potential difference

Claims (23)

Device for moving electrically conductive liquid media with a static magnetic field and a current supplied by a current source and supplied via electrodes to the medium, wherein at least components of magnetic field B and current j perpendicular to each other and generate a Lorentz force F, the to the movement of the medium, comprising the following components: - An insulator tube ( 3 ), in which the electrically conductive liquid medium ( 2 ) flows, - at least two radially opposite electrode pairs ( 4 . 5 and 8th . 9 ; 6 . 7 and 10 . 11 ) of elongated cathodes ( 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 ) and anodes ( 5 . 7 . 9 . 11 ), wherein the electrode pairs ( 4 . 5 ; 6 . 7 ; 8th . 9 ; 10 . 11 ) centrally symmetrical in the tube wall of the insulator tube ( 3 ), - magnetic coils ( 12 . 13 . 14 . 15 ) outside the insulator tube ( 3 ) and opposite one another, between the cathodes ( 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 ) and the anodes ( 5 . 7 . 9 . 11 ) of a pair of electrodes ( 4 . 5 ; 6 . 7 ; 8th . 9 ; 10 . 11 ), wherein the number of magnetic coils corresponds to the number of electrode pairs and wherein the radially opposite magnetic coils ( 12 . 13 . 14 . 15 ) facing the same pole outside of the insulator tube ( 3 ) are arranged and generate a radial magnetic field B _r . Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pairs of electrodes ( 4 . 5 ; 8th . 9 ) and ( 6 . 7 ; 10 . 11 ) and the magnet coil pairs ( 12 . 13 ) and ( 14 . 15 ) are associated with each other. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cathodes ( 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 ) and anodes ( 5 . 7 . 9 . 11 ) are elongated and on the insulator tube ( 3 ) are arranged azimuthally parallel to each other. Device according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the electrodes ( 4 to 11 ) in the radial direction over the inner wall of the insulator tube ( 3 ) inwardly directed and a convexly curved in cross-section surface ( 42 ) form. Device according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the electrodes ( 4 to 11 ) with the inner wall of the insulator tube ( 3 ) in the spiral propagation of the electrically conductive liquid medium ( 2 ) a smooth surface ( 42 ) form. Device according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the electrode pairs ( 4 . 5 ; 6 . 7 ; 8th . 9 ; 10 . 11 ) with a power supply unit ( 17 ) via electrical supply lines ( 18 . 19 ) are connected. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic coils ( 12 to 15 ) with a power supply unit ( 20 ) via energy supply lines ( 21 ) keep in touch. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insulator tube ( 3 ) on two metal pipes ( 22 . 23 ) is each connected to the front side, wherein optionally between each of the terminals transition elements, in particular thermally insulating discs ( 24 . 25 ) are located. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the region of the cathodes ( 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 ) and anodes ( 5 . 7 . 9 . 11 ) the magnetic field B _r , the current component j _θ and the associated Lorentz force F _z in the axial direction ( 16 ), wherein the current component j _{θ in} each case from the anode ( 5 . 7 . 9 . 11 ) to the cathode ( 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 ) in the liquid medium ( 2 ) runs. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the radial magnetic field B _r - the magnetic flux density - by the gleichpolige Gegenüberstellung (south pole or north pole) of the magnetic coils ( 12 to 15 ) conditionally radially from the center ( 16 ) is directed away. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that to improve the heat transfer between the liquid medium ( 2 ) and the insulator tube ( 3 ) a spiral movement of the liquid medium ( 2 ) in the cylindrical insulator tube ( 3 ), which is based on the fact that to a pair of electrodes ( 4 . 5 ; 6 . 7 ; 8th . 9 ; 10 . 11 ) belonging anodes ( 5 . 7 . 9 . 11 ) and cathodes ( 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 ) to each other in the axial direction ( 16 ), so that in each case an axial component of the electric current j _z is formed, wherein the axial Lorentz force F _z and the azimuthal component of the Lorentz force F _θ overlap to a resultant, the spiraling of the liquid medium ( 2 ). Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the cathodes ( 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 ) in relation to the anodes ( 5 . 7 . 9 . 11 ) about the displacement v in the flow direction ( 31 ) of the medium ( 2 ), wherein the magnet coil pairs ( 12 . 13 ; 14 . 15 ) with its south pole S or north pole N gleichpolig the insulator tube ( 3 ). Device according to claim 1 to 12, characterized in that they are in a cooling system ( 26 ) is present and / or with a cooler ( 27 ), in which the coolant ( 28 ) flows and the radiator ( 27 ) optionally by means of a connecting sleeve ( 29 ) on a connected metal tube ( 23 ) is attached. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the spiral medium movement ( 30 ) in the flow direction ( 31 ) by staggered electrodes ( 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 ; 5 . 7 . 9 . 11 ) and under the influence of the Gleichpolig - either South Pole or North Pole - oppositely arranged magnetic coils ( 12 . 13 ; 14 . 15 ) is available. Device according to Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that they are used in continuous casting plants ( 32 ) is used. Device according to claim 15, characterized in that in the continuous casting plant ( 32 ) essentially a salaried insulator tube ( 3 ) as an attachment to which a coolant ( 34 ) containing cooling device ( 33 ) as a subset and optionally from a lid ( 37 ), is present, wherein between the insulator tube ( 3 ) and the cooling device ( 33 ) optionally a Thermoisolatorring ( 35 ) and wherein the pairs of electrodes ( 4 . 5 ; 8th . 9 ) and ( 6 . 7 ; 10 . 11 ) and the magnet coil pairs ( 12 . 13 ) and ( 14 . 15 ) are associated with each other. Device according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that for producing a spiral movement in the sump or in the still liquid phase of the medium ( 2 ) At least two mutually with respect to cathode anode opposite ver pairs of electrodes ( 4 . 5 ; 8th . 9 ) and ( 6 . 7 ; 10 . 11 ) and associated pairs of magnetic coils ( 12 . 13 ; 14 . 15 ) are used. Device according to claim 15 to 17, characterized in that the insulator tube ( 3 ) including the thermal isolator ring ( 35 ) of an additional thermal insulation jacket ( 45 ) is surrounded. Device according to claim 1 to 16, characterized in that it serves as an attachment and the recessed connected cooling device ( 33 ) essentially the mold container ( 43 ) form. Device according to claim 15 to 19, characterized in that an entry nozzle ( 38 ) for the melt ( 2 ) in the insulator tube ( 3 ), ends there and has at least one lateral discharge opening. Device according to claim 20, characterized in that a spiral movement with its azimuthal motion component ( 39 ) of a meridional vortex formation ( 40 ) is accompanied, so that by the spiral movement, a grain growth is achievable. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ratios between the azimuthal and meridional Lorentz forces by a predetermined offset between the anodes ( 5 . 7 . 9 . 11 ) and the cathodes ( 4 . 6 . 8th . 19 ) is adjustable. Device according to claim 15 to 22, characterized in that the cooling device ( 33 ) for the melt ( 2 ) in the mold container ( 43 ) in a row after the insulator tube ( 3 ) is offset such that a solidification of the melt ( 2 ) from their movement in a delayed manner in the area of the cooling device ( 33 ) he follows.