CN1184935C - 调节性眼内人工晶状体 - Google Patents

调节性眼内人工晶状体 Download PDF

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CN1184935C
CN1184935C CNB008143277A CN00814327A CN1184935C CN 1184935 C CN1184935 C CN 1184935C CN B008143277 A CNB008143277 A CN B008143277A CN 00814327 A CN00814327 A CN 00814327A CN 1184935 C CN1184935 C CN 1184935C
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lens
position element
intraocular lens
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CN1379644A (zh
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兰多·伍兹
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Kui Puke Ltd.
Vision technology, Limited by Share Ltd.
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/14Eye parts, e.g. lenses, corneal implants; Implanting instruments specially adapted therefor; Artificial eyes
    • A61F2/16Intraocular lenses
    • A61F2/1613Intraocular lenses having special lens configurations, e.g. multipart lenses; having particular optical properties, e.g. pseudo-accommodative lenses, lenses having aberration corrections, diffractive lenses, lenses for variably absorbing electromagnetic radiation, lenses having variable focus
    • A61F2/1624Intraocular lenses having special lens configurations, e.g. multipart lenses; having particular optical properties, e.g. pseudo-accommodative lenses, lenses having aberration corrections, diffractive lenses, lenses for variably absorbing electromagnetic radiation, lenses having variable focus having adjustable focus; power activated variable focus means, e.g. mechanically or electrically by the ciliary muscle or from the outside
    • A61F2/1629Intraocular lenses having special lens configurations, e.g. multipart lenses; having particular optical properties, e.g. pseudo-accommodative lenses, lenses having aberration corrections, diffractive lenses, lenses for variably absorbing electromagnetic radiation, lenses having variable focus having adjustable focus; power activated variable focus means, e.g. mechanically or electrically by the ciliary muscle or from the outside for changing longitudinal position, i.e. along the visual axis when implanted
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/14Eye parts, e.g. lenses, corneal implants; Implanting instruments specially adapted therefor; Artificial eyes
    • A61F2/16Intraocular lenses
    • A61F2/1613Intraocular lenses having special lens configurations, e.g. multipart lenses; having particular optical properties, e.g. pseudo-accommodative lenses, lenses having aberration corrections, diffractive lenses, lenses for variably absorbing electromagnetic radiation, lenses having variable focus
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L33/00Antithrombogenic treatment of surgical articles, e.g. sutures, catheters, prostheses, or of articles for the manipulation or conditioning of blood; Materials for such treatment
    • A61L33/06Use of macromolecular materials
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/14Eye parts, e.g. lenses, corneal implants; Implanting instruments specially adapted therefor; Artificial eyes
    • A61F2/16Intraocular lenses
    • A61F2/1613Intraocular lenses having special lens configurations, e.g. multipart lenses; having particular optical properties, e.g. pseudo-accommodative lenses, lenses having aberration corrections, diffractive lenses, lenses for variably absorbing electromagnetic radiation, lenses having variable focus
    • A61F2/1648Multipart lenses
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2210/00Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2210/0014Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol

Abstract

本发明提供一种能够变焦的眼内人工晶状体(38),当观察时物距改变引起睫状肌正常运动时能够相应变焦。人工晶状体(38)可手术植入眼睛(10)的眼囊(22),它包括透镜(40)和弹性体(46),它们共同形成一个饼状人工晶状体(38),这一形状正好符合正常眼囊(22)的形状。在观察远物时,睫状体(32)回缩,眼囊(22)变平,使人工晶状体(38)也随之变平,令透镜(40)向后移向中央凹(26)。观察近物时,睫状体(32)收缩,使眼囊(22)和人工晶状体(38)膨胀恢复到原形,令透镜(40)向前移动而远离中央凹(26)。较好的是,本发明的人工晶状体(38)是一无缝整体,由具有弹性记忆的柔性材料制成。合适的材料包括丙烯酸酯和聚硅氧烷混合物。

Description

调节性眼内人工晶状体
相关申请
本申请是1999年9月10日美国专利申请09/393,514的部分继续申请,该申请在此作为本发明的参考。
发明背景
1.发明领域
本发明涉及调节性眼内人工晶状体,它可以手术植入用以替代白内障患者的原晶状体。
2.现有技术
当晶状体失去透明度时即发生了白内障。白内障可能同时发生于双眼,并可能不断发展,引起视力下降,最终导致失明。曾一度通过手术连带切除眼囊前膜来消除白内障。术后,患者需佩带眼镜或接触人工晶状体,它们可以恢复视力但不具有调节性,只有有限的透视深度。
第一次眼内植入替代性晶状体是在1949年,试图将替代晶状体置于虹膜后的后眼室。但是,术后位移等问题迫使人们放弃了这一方法,而在此后的数十年,眼内人工晶状体都植入于前眼室。
另有一些人再度尝试将晶状体植入虹膜后的眼区。这一区域正是患者的天然晶状体所在。当眼内人工晶状体位于该天然位置时,患者的视力可基本恢复正常,而且不大会象前室眼内人工晶状体那样发生玻璃体前移或视网膜脱落等问题。有关后眼室的植入人工晶状体记载可见于美国专利3,718,870,3,866,249,3,913,148,3,925,825,4,014,049,4,041,552,4,053,953和4,285,072。但这些人工晶状体部没有聚焦能力。
能聚焦的人工晶状体可为佩带者提供最近似的天然晶状体替代物。Tennant的美国专利4,254,509描述了一种人工晶状体,它可以随睫状体的收缩而向前移动,并且位于虹膜前。该人工晶状体虽然具有聚焦能力,但是仍存在和其他前室人工晶状体一样的缺点。Banko的美国专利4,253,199为此提供了另一种可聚焦人工晶状体,是通过将可形变材料制成的替代晶状体与睫状体缝合。该替代晶状体的功能更接近原晶状体,但具有可能因缝合而出血的危险。
Levy的美国专利4,409,891提供了一种置于眼囊内的可聚焦眼内人工晶状体。该人工晶状体位于眼囊后区,向中央凹即眼后方偏置。专利′891人工晶状体的缺陷在于,它需要睫状肌通过睫状小带向眼囊施力,向内压迫感触片(haptics)从而令人工晶状体向前移动以观察近物。然而,因为作为柔性纤维的睫状小带只会对眼囊施加拉伸力而不会施加压缩力,睫状肌在收缩时根本不产生作用力。当睫状肌收缩时,人工晶状体的自然弹性使眼囊更趋近于球状。因此,不存在向内的力作用于眼囊从而压缩Levy人工晶状体的感触片以适应近视。即使存在这样的力,在观察近物时,Levy人工晶状体的感触片将受到向内的力。由于眼囊的一般状态是适应近物观察,Levy人工晶状体的感触片因此处于受力状态,这会缩短类似弹簧的感触片的疲劳寿命。
Cumming的美国专利5,674,282是关于一种植入眼囊内的调节性眼内人工晶状体。Cumming的人工晶状体包括一片中央透镜及其两侧横向外展的两片感触片,它们可以相对于人工晶状体前后移动。然而,Cumming的人工晶状体存在与Levy人工晶状体一样的缺点,即感触片因受到来自睫状体的压力而向前偏置。这会最终造成睫状体的受压坏死。
最后,Smith的美国专利4,842,601描述了一种调节性眼内人工晶状体,具有抵住天然晶状体囊前后壁的前部和后部元件。这样,肌肉运动作用于天然眼囊,引起人工晶状体变平,由此改变其焦距。Smith人工晶状体由第一和第二塑料透镜元件构成,它们彼此沿外缘相互接合,形成一个位于其间的空腔。两透镜间的连接是通过:第一透镜上有一U形内凹法兰槽,正好与第二透镜上的外凸法兰契合。Smith人工晶状体的缺陷在于:第一和第二透镜必须分别植入眼囊,然后在囊内组装,即使对于技术极其高超的外科医生来说这也是十分困难的。
所以,需要一种聚焦性能近似于天然晶状体的植入式眼内人工晶状体。这种植入式人工晶状体必须易于植入眼囊,并能持续耐用较长时间而不损伤任何其他眼组织。
本发明目的与概述
本发明提供了一种具有聚焦能力并可长期安全用于眼内的人工晶状体,由此满足了上述需要。
更具体地说,本发明的人工晶状体包括一片前表面外凸的透镜和一个弹性透镜定位元件,它们共同形成一个饼状人工晶状体,正符合天然眼囊的形状。所述透镜定位元件的后表面与天然眼囊的后壁贴合,其前表面与天然眼囊的前壁贴合。透镜定位元件的前后表面通过一弧面连接。
本发明人工晶状体的大小和形状使之能够模拟天然晶状体的聚焦作用。即,睫状体(仍与眼囊相连)通过睫状小带由眼囊中心向外径向地持续施加肌肉力,从而使眼囊变平。由于眼囊的前后壁与透镜定位元件的前后表面贴合,本发明的人工晶状体随象天然眼囊变平。这一变平改变了本发明人工晶状体内透镜与中央凹的距离,于是可以看到远物。
所述透镜和透镜定位元件可用制造眼内人工晶状体常用的各种生物惰性材料(例如,屈服性合成树脂)制成。合适的人工晶状体材料包括丙烯酸酯(例如聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯),聚硅氧烷和它们的混合物。特别好的是,本发明的人工晶状体由弹性记忆(即在形变力消除后能基本上恢复到原来的大小和形状)材料制成。优选的弹性记忆材料之一是MENORYLENS(Mentor Ophthalmics,Califomia)。
附图说明
图1是一幅纵向剖视图,显示眼睛聚焦于近物时本发明人工晶状体在眼囊内的位置;
图2是一幅纵向剖视图,显示眼睛聚焦于远物时图1人工晶状体在眼囊内的位置;
图3是本发明人工晶状体的前视图,所示为其本来的、放松的、非变平状态;
图4是图3人工晶状体的侧视图;
图5是透镜上具有一对感触片的现有调节性人工晶状体的前视图;
图6是本发明另一种人工晶状体的前视图,所示为其本来的、放松的、非变平状态;
图7是图6人工晶状体7-7方向的剖视图;
图8是本发明另一种人工晶状体的前视图,所示为其本来的、放松的、非变平状态;
图9是图8人工晶状体9-9方向的剖视图;
图10是本发明另一种人工晶状体的前视图,所示为其本来的、放松的、非变平状态;
图11是图10人工晶状体11-11方向的剖视图;
图12是本发明另一种人工晶状体的前视图,所示为其本来的、放松的、非变平状态;
图13是图12人工晶状体13-13方向的剖视图。
优选实施方式的详细描述
如图所示,本发明是一种用于治疗人白内障的手术植入式眼内人工晶状体,用以替代患者自身的原晶状体。图1显示了各种与本发明相关的眼组织。简而言之,眼睛10包括前部12和后部14。前部12为角膜16所覆盖,角膜闭合成一个前腔18。前腔18中充满着水性液体,其后部与虹膜20相接。虹膜20的开闭控制适量的光进入眼睛10的内部。眼睛10具有一个眼囊22,天然晶状体通常即位于其中。当眼睛10进行聚焦时,眼囊22会相应形变,将通过角膜16和虹膜20进入的光分布到位于眼睛后部14的视网膜24上。
视网膜24由作为光受体的视网膜杆和视网膜锥构成。视网膜24上具有中央凹26,此处没有视网膜杆,用于准确成像。眼睛后方部分14的外面是巩膜28,它延伸进入并形成视神经(30)覆盖层的一部分。视网膜24收到的图像通过视神经30传递到大脑。视网膜24和眼囊22之间的区域充满了透明的液体。最后,眼睛10还具有睫状肌或睫状体32,它具有睫状小带纤维34(又称睫状小带),与眼囊22连接。
为准确聚焦于不同距离的目标所作的视觉调解是由睫状体32通过睫状小带34作用于眼囊22和晶状体(在天然、没有改造过的眼睛内应位于36的位置)而完成的。睫状体32收缩(contract),使眼囊22恢复趋近于球形,从而可观察较近的物体。当睫状体32缩回(retract)并牵拉睫状小带纤维34,使得眼囊变成饼状,这样就可以适当的焦距看到较远的物体。
如图1-4所示,本发明的人工晶状体是一种调节性人工晶状体38,具有中央透镜40。透镜40具有前表面42和后表面44。前表面42和后表面44通常是凸面,虽然它们的形状和大小可以根据使用者的视力进行改变。人工晶状体38还具有一个弹性体46,它包括一个由透镜40径向延伸而成的外壁48。弹性体46最好与透镜40形成一体,并在人工晶状体外缘50处与之齐平,外壁48也在此与透镜40相接。然后,外壁48弯曲成弧面51,在人工晶状体38的后侧53上与之相接。外壁48形成腔52,终止于54处,形成孔56与腔52相通,从而可使液体进入并充填腔52。
人工晶状体38在其原松弛非形变状态下的总体形状大致符合聚焦于近物时眼囊22的形状(图1)。弹性体46的外壁48与透镜40共同形成一个总体上呈饼状或碟状的人工晶状体,如图3-4所示。该人工晶状体38应具有合适的大小,从而可使透镜40微微顶住眼囊22的前壁58,后侧53则顶住眼囊22的后壁60。
眼内人工晶状体38可同时在位置和功能上取代原天然晶状体(一般应位于36处)。为了将人工晶状体38植入眼囊22,眼外科医生需按常规方法取出天然晶状体(由此去除白内障),在眼囊22的前壁58上留下孔62。然后,将人工晶状体38折叠成可通过孔62植入眼囊22的大小。植入后,向眼囊内灌入液体(例如生理盐水),这些液体进入人工晶状体38的腔52,令人工晶状体38恢复至图1所示的非形变原形。在此不需要将人工晶状体与眼囊22缝合,因为,如前所述,人工晶状体38的形状和大小使它不会在眼囊22内旋转或移动。
植入本发明的人工晶状体38可恢复正常视力,因为,人工晶状体38不仅替换了患者的病患天然晶状体,而且,睫状体32的正常应答可在聚焦过程中与人工晶状体38相互配合。图1中,透镜40的后表面44至中央凹26之间的焦距较大,因此可观察近物。焦距大是因为睫状肌或睫状体32收缩使得眼囊能接近于球形,使得人工晶状体38可保持其松弛状态,并令透镜40靠近前壁58。因此,本发明的人工晶状体38可跟随眼睛的自然生理作用进行聚焦,从而提供一种视觉调节的替代机制。当物体越来越远时,视网膜24内的传感细胞向睫状体32发出松弛信号,于是牵拉睫状小带纤维34使眼囊更接近于图2所示的饼状。此时,眼囊22的水平厚度变窄,继而使人工晶状体38的水平厚度也相应变窄,由此使得透镜40向后移动。透镜40后表面44至中央凹26之间的焦距因而缩短,所以仍可聚焦于物体。如果物体再次靠近眼睛,则睫状体32再次收缩,降低睫状小带纤维34上的张力。此时,人工晶状体38恢复其松弛非形变状态(如图1和4所示),令透镜40前移。透镜40后表面44与中央凹26之间的焦距因而加大(见图1),因此仍可聚焦于物体。
如前所述,本发明人工晶状体38可将压力基本上均匀地分布于眼囊22的壁上。现有技术中的眼内人工晶状体一般无法做到这一点。例如,图5显示了一种现有人工晶状体64,它具有透镜66和感触片68a,b。人工晶状体64是用于植入天然眼囊中,感触片68a,b是令透镜66在聚焦时向前偏置的机构。然而,因为透镜64的这种设计,感触片68a,b只集中施力于眼囊上几个部分,造成眼囊劳损。本发明人工晶状体则没有这一问题。
图6-13显示本发明的其他实施方式,其中,同一数字表示同一部分。图6和7显示的人工晶状体70具有许多位于圆周50上的小圆孔72a-d。这些孔具有多种用途。首先,它们提供了一个通道,可将抗生素注入人工晶状体的腔52。而且,如图所示的开孔位置使得它们与眼囊的孔62(图1)重合,这样可允许液体从眼囊52中排出,并不断更换其中的液体。最后,孔72a-d可帮助人工晶状体70在眼囊内定位。
虽然图6和7显示孔72a-d是沿着圆周50,但可以看出,它们的位置是可以改变的。例如,其中之一或多个可以在圆周50之内,或者,在透镜圆周50之外而位于外壁48上。
图8和9显示本发明的另一种实施方式。其中,人工晶状体74具有位于外壁48内的纵向狭槽76a,b。在所示的实施方式中,这些狭槽各自具有开始于透镜圆周50处或之外的上部78a,b(即紧接在外壁48小区80a,b之外)。狭槽76a,b沿弧面51展开,穿过人工晶状体的赤道或中分平面82,直至下部84a,b。如图8和9所示,狭槽76a,b不与孔56相通。即,外壁48上的86a,b部分将狭槽76a,b与孔56隔开。虽然图中显示了两个狭槽76a,b,但可以看出,有时可能需要3个或4个狭槽,这取决于人工晶状体74的需要。
图10和11显示了本发明的另一种实施方式。其中的人工晶状体88具有位于平面82之前的壁48上的弧形孔90a,b。图12和13显示本发明的另一种实施方式,其中的人工晶状体92具有位于平面82之后的壁48上的孔94a,b。在人工晶状体88和92中,孔90a,b和94a,b彼此相对(即,彼此的中心隔开180°),大小相近。然而,可以看出,这些孔的大小、数量和位置可以改变以配合各种需要,例如配合人工晶状体的强度和刚性。
虽然以上接合优选实施方式和附图对本发明进行了描述,但是需要指出的是,可以在本发明的范围内进行等效的替换。例如,根据前文将人工晶状体38植入眼囊22的方法,需将眼囊22的前壁58上的一部分随天然晶状体一同去除,但是可以看出,也可以通过在前壁58上制造切口来植入人工晶状体38。而且,虽然前文谈及人工晶状体38可用于白内障患者,其实它还可用于需要替换天然晶状体的其他情况(例如用于要求消除双焦点的患者)。

Claims (35)

1.一种调节性眼内人工晶状体,用于植入人眼囊的前后壁之间,所述人工晶状体包括:
提供前表面的透镜;和
弹性的透镜定位元件,与透镜相连成饼状,符合眼囊的形状,
所述透镜定位元件后表面的形状可屈服性地贴合眼囊的后壁,前表面的形状可屈服性地贴合眼囊的前壁,所述前后表面通过一弧面相连,所述透镜定位元件整体形成;
所述透镜定位元件的后表面、前表面和弧形侧壁共同构成一个透镜定位元件的内腔,
所述透镜定位元件的后表面上有一通孔,与所述腔相通以便液体进入并充满该腔。
2.根据权利要求1所述的人工晶状体,所述透镜定位元件是一无缝体。
3.根据权利要求1所述的人工晶状体,所述透镜的前表面为凸面。
4.根据权利要求1所述的人工晶状体,所述透镜定位元件由屈服性合成树脂制成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的人工晶状体,所述透镜定位元件的材料选自聚硅氧烷,聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,和它们的混合物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的人工晶状体,所述透镜定位元件由弹性记忆材料制成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的人工晶状体,所述眼囊前壁有一通孔,该孔的直径小于透镜的直径。
8.根据权利要求1所述的人工晶状体,在所述透镜与所述透镜定位元件后表面之间有一赤道线,该线连续,线上无孔形成。
9.一种调节性单透镜眼内人工晶状体,用于植入人眼囊的前后壁之间,所述人工晶状体包括:
提供前表面的唯一透镜;和
弹性的透镜定位元件,与透镜相连成饼状,符合眼囊的形状,
所述透镜定位元件后表面的形状可屈服性地贴合眼囊的后壁,前表面的形状可屈服性地贴合眼囊的前壁,所述前后表面通过一弧面相连,所述透镜定位元件整体形成。
10.根据权利要求9所述的人工晶状体,所述透镜定位元件是一无缝体。
11.根据权利要求9所述的人工晶状体,所述透镜的前表面为凸面。
12.根据权利要求9所述的人工晶状体,所述透镜定位元件由屈服性合成树脂制成。
13.根据权利要求9所述的人工晶状体,所述透镜定位元件的材料选自聚硅氧烷,聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,和它们的混合物。
14.根据权利要求9所述的人工晶状体,所述透镜定位元件由弹性记忆材料制成。
15.根据权利要求9所述的人工晶状体,所述眼囊前壁有一通孔,该孔的直径小于透镜的直径。
16.根据权利要求9所述的人工晶状体,所述透镜定位元件后表面、前表面与所述弧面共同形成一个所述透镜定位元件的内腔。
17.根据权利要求16所述的人工晶状体,所述透镜定位元件的后表面上有一通孔,与所述腔相通。
18.根据权利要求9所述的人工晶状体,在所述透镜与所述透镜定位元件后表面之间有一赤道线,该线连续,线上无孔形成。
19.一种调节性眼内人工晶状体,用于植入人眼囊的前后壁之间,所述人工晶状体包括:
提供前表面的透镜,上面有一通孔;和
弹性的透镜定位元件,与透镜相连成饼状,符合眼囊的形状,
所述透镜定位元件后表面的形状可屈服性地贴合眼囊的后壁,前表面的形状可屈服性地贴合眼囊的前壁,所述前后表面通过一弧面相连,所述透镜定位元件整体形成。
20.根据权利要求19所述的人工晶状体,所述透镜的外周边即其与所述透镜定位元件之间的边界,所述透镜上的通孔与所述外周边重叠,使得所述透镜通孔至少一部分形成在所述透镜定位元件上。
21.根据权利要求19所述的人工晶状体,所述透镜上的通孔完全位于所述透镜的外周边之内。
22.一种调节性眼内人工晶状体,用于植入人眼囊的前后壁之间,所述人工晶状体包括:
提供一个前表面的透镜;和
弹性的透镜定位元件,与透镜相连成饼状,符合眼囊的形状,
所述透镜定位元件后表面的形状可屈服性地贴合眼囊的后壁,前表面的形状可屈服性地贴合眼囊的前壁,所述前后表面通过一弧形侧壁相连,
所述透镜定位元件的后表面、前表面和弧形侧壁共同构成一个透镜定位元件的内腔,
所述透镜定位元件的后表面上有一通孔,与所述腔相通,
所述透镜定位元件还具有位于所述弧形侧壁上的孔。
23.根据权利要求22所述的人工晶状体,所述人工晶状体的中分平面穿过所述弧形侧壁,从而将其分成前侧壁和后侧壁,所述侧壁上的孔位于前侧壁上。
24.根据权利要求23所述的人工晶状体,所述透镜定位元件具有至少两个位于所述弧形侧壁上的孔。
25.根据权利要求22所述的人工晶状体,所述人工晶状体的中分平面穿过所述弧形侧壁,从而将其分成前侧壁和后侧壁,所述弧形侧壁上的孔位于后侧壁上。
26.根据权利要求25所述的人工晶状体,所述透镜定位元件具有至少两个位于所述弧形侧壁上的孔。
27.根据权利要求22所述的人工晶状体,所述人工晶状体的中分平面穿过所述弧形侧壁,从而将其分成前侧壁和后侧壁,所述弧形侧壁上的孔是纵向狭槽,同时位于前后侧壁上。
28.根据权利要求27所述的人工晶状体,所述透镜定位元件具有至少两个所述纵向狭槽。
29.根据权利要求22所述的人工晶状体,所述透镜定位元件是整体形成的。
30.根据权利要求22所述的人工晶状体,所述透镜定位元件是一无缝体。
31.根据权利要求22所述的人工晶状体,所述透镜具有一个前凸表面。
32.根据权利要求22所述的人工晶状体,所述透镜定位元件由屈服性合成树脂制成。
33.根据权利要求22所述的人工晶状体,所述透镜定位元件的材料选自聚硅氧烷,聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,和它们的混合物。
34.根据权利要求22所述的人工晶状体,所述透镜定位元件由弹性记忆材料制成。
35.根据权利要求32所述的人工晶状体,所述眼囊前壁上具有一个通孔,该孔的直径小于透镜的直径。
CNB008143277A 1999-09-10 2000-09-08 调节性眼内人工晶状体 Expired - Fee Related CN1184935C (zh)

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AU767542B2 (en) 2003-11-13

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