CN104592453B - Polymer with bidirectional reversible shape memory effect and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Polymer with bidirectional reversible shape memory effect and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polymer with a bidirectional reversible shape memory effect. The polymer comprises at least one amorphous phase and a crystal phase, wherein the glass-transition temperature of the amorphous phase is higher than the melting temperature of the crystal phase and the difference is at least 20 DEG C. The preparation method of the polymer comprises the step of preparing a single-crystal thermosetting bidirectional reversible shape memory molecule by taking the high-temperature amorphous phase as a stress phase to replace the high-temperature crystal phase in a bi-crystal thermosetting reversible shape memory molecule. The glass-transition temperature of the amorphous phase of the polymer can be continuously controlled through different comonomers; the control of the proportion of the two phases, the crosslinking densities and the transition temperature of the crystal phase can be realized under the premise of ensuring that the glass-transition temperature of the amorphous phase is higher than the transition temperature of the crystal phase. The polymer is light in material weight, easy to process and low in cost, has excellent insulation property and thermal insulation effect and has wide potential application value in the fields of biomedicine, cable industry and packaging industry.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to new function material field, it is related to a kind of intellectual material and preparation method thereof, more particularly to one
Plant polymeric material with bidirectional reversible shape memory effect and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Traditional shape memory high molecule is being heated on its thermal transition temperature and under the collective effect of external force
A temporary shapes are may be deformed to, can be fixed after the cooling period by (to its thermal transition temperature) for this temporary shapes, after fixing
Temporary shapes under the stimulation of certain external condition (such as reheat) its original-shape can be then returned to, its corresponding heat turns
Temperature (such as vitrification point or crystallization temperature) is commonly known as shape memory transition temperature.It has been people institute since half a century
The shape memory high molecule known can only change between a temporary shapes and its permanent shape every time, that is, now described
Dual-shaped memory effect, its essence remember a temporary shapes exactly using a heat deflection.This Shape memory behavior,
Although simple, which is commercially successfully applied, such as hot shortness's conduit and packaging of cable industry
The heat shrink label of industry.The biomedical applications of other high added values are also among trying to explore, and have gradually shown which
Great potential.
During research in recent years finds same macromolecular structure, two distinct heat deflection regions can realize two
Triple shape memory effect systems that temporary shapes are fixed, and the heat deflection of the single wide region of same polymeric inner can use
To fix plural temporary shapes, that is, adjustable multiple shape memory effect.These new shape memory effect send out
Variation and its application prospect of polymer shape memory behavior have been expanded significantly now.It is either dual, triple, or multiple shape
Shape memory effect, in the case where acting on without external force, can make polymer return to original-shape from temporary shapes by heating.However,
Under conditions of equally without external force effect, but polymer can not be made to be returned to by original-shape by cooling interim under its low temperature
Shape.The above shape memory is all irreversible, referred to as one-way shape memory.
Irreversible shape memory, although also there is its practical prospect, its unidirectional deformational behavior hinders this kind of material
More it is widely applied.In calendar year 2001, Terentjev groups find that crosslinking liquid crystal elastic body is hanging constant weight (i.e. constant external force>
0) phenomenon of the thermal contraction and cold elongation of completely reversibility can under conditions of, be shown in its liquid crystal transition temperature up and down, which is cold
The orientation in outer forced direction when originating from Formation of liquid crystals is extended, and elimination of this orientation in heating then causes thermal contraction
(Tajbakhsh AR,Terentjev EM.Eur.Phys.J.Ser.E.2001,6,181.).Based on similar mechanism, Mather
In 2008, group was found that cross-linking crystal macromolecule network also shows same behavior, simply corresponding heat deflection is crystallization heat
Transformation (Chung T, Rorno-Uribe A, Mather P.Two-way reversible shape memory in a
semicrystalline network.Macromolecules 2008,41,184.).Thereafter, multiple research groups (include Shen
Ask someone) also report in succession the high molecular reversible deformation behavior of different cross-linking crystals.The advantage of this kind of reversible deformation is deformation quantity
Can regulate and control with the size of constant external force, so its shortcoming is also very notable：External force can not be realized when being zero, and is needed constant outer
The condition of power effect greatly limit the probability of its device application；Hang this constant external force meaning for being easiest to realize of constant weight
It can only be linear elongation and contraction deformation.
Hu groups realize the reversible bending change without the lower Polymer Systems of external force effect within 2010.This material bending degree
Change completely reversibility, and effect (Chen S, Hu J, Zhao H.Properties and mechanism without the need for external force
of two-way shape memory polyurethane composites.Composites Sci.Technology
2010,70,1437.).This progress functionally is although critically important, but the shortcoming of such material is still notable：Macroscopical stratiform
Structure means that material can be only applied to macroscopic devices；Its internal stress is also just secured the composite system after the preparation,
That is, it can only be reversible between two constant shapes change, and can not realize deformed shape sequencing change.
CN103992631A provides a kind of polymeric material with bidirectional shape memory, including mutually interspersed setting
Two kinds of interpenetrating net polymers；Shape-memory polymer of the one of which network polymer for crystal class cross linked polymer, it is another
It is cross-linked elastic material to plant network polymer.Crystal class cross linked polymer is polyurethane, polyethylene, polynorbornene, trans poly-
One or more of the shape-memory polymer of isoprene or SB；Cross-linked elastic material is poly- ammonia
One or more in ester elastomer resin, SBS resins, propene-1-butene copolymer, vulcanie or silicone rubber.
CN101560302 discloses a kind of liquid crystal elastic body with bidirectional shape memory effect with fiber and its preparation side
Method, the liquid crystal elastic body or fibrous molecular structure are the class in following two classes formula polymer or two mixing for birdsing of the same feather flock together compound
Body.
CN101164770B is related to a kind of polymer composites with bidirectional shape memory effect and preparation method thereof,
The polymer composites include the polymer that at least two superimposed is bonded together, and wherein at least one layer of polymeric is selected from poly-
The shape memory polymers of urethane, crosslinked polyethylene, polynorbornene, trans-polyisoprene or SB
Thing material, can also be curved including one layer of elastomeric material and/or one layer in the polymer that at least two superimposed is bonded together
Bent deformation the plastic tab that actively can be replied.
The research of bidirectional reversible shape memory high molecule achieved breakthrough progress in 2013.Lendlein groups report
Road it is a kind of with microphase-separated and biphase thermal transition temperature different twin crystal thermoset polyurethane system reversible shape memory work(
Can (BehlM, Kratz K, ZotzmannJ,Lendlein A.Reversible bidirectional
shape-memory polymers.Adv.Mater.2013,25,4466.).But which has the disadvantages that：
1. the adjustability of phase transition temperature is poor, and the phase transition temperature of polymer crystallization generally can be a small amount of by introducing
Comonomer carrys out the regulation of small range, but comonomer will thoroughly destroy crystallization too much, therefore the practical application of basis very may be used
The needs of energy are nearly impossible come two crystallization phase transition temperatures of regulation simultaneously on a large scale；
2. as macromolecule can not possibly be fully crystallized, and biphase degree of crystallinity is also likely to the heat engine remembered with reversible shape
Tool condition changes, and the quantitative study mechanism that twin crystal thermosetting system is remembered to reversible shape is not very suitable.By contrast, without fixed
The high molecular vitrification point of shape can realize continuous regulation and control on a large scale by the introducing of comonomer, and its vitrification is completeer
Entirely, vitrification point is relatively more insensitive to thermomechanical condition.
The content of the invention
The deficiency that the present invention is present according to shape-memory material in prior art, exploitation is a kind of to have monocrystalline thermosetting system
The polymeric material with bidirectional reversible shape memory effect, the material is mutually realized reversible using high-temperature amorphous as stress
Shape memory；I.e. in system after crosslinking, low temperature crystallization is mutually varied with temperature and realizes the reversible deformation of shape, with repeating
The bidirectional memory function of memory two states shape.
The polymer with bidirectional reversible shape memory effect that the present invention is provided, comprising at least one amorphous phase and one
Melt temperature of the glass transition temperature of individual crystalline phase, wherein amorphous phase higher than crystalline phase, both at least differ 20 DEG C.
The polymeric material is prepared by the following method：
(1) select a kind of material that high glass-transition temperature is provided；
(2) select a kind of crystal material；
(3) by above two material crosslinking curing.
Preferably, the offer high-temperature amorphous phase material is the acrylate with high glass-transition temperature, such as：First
Base acrylic acid methyl ester., cyclohexyl methacrylate, Tricyclodecane Dimethanol diacrylate or its mixture；Its glass transition
Temperature Tg need to be at 100 DEG C or so or more, preferred glass transition temperature Tg>95℃.
Preferably, the crystalline phase material is selected from polyethyleneglycol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate
Or polycaprolactone diacrylate；The molecular weight of described polyethyleneglycol diacrylate or polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate
Scope is 3000～12000；The molecular weight of described polycaprolactone diacrylate is 3000～14000；Tm scopes 45～
65℃.After crosslinking, the fusing point of bidirectional reversible shape memory effect polymer is at 35～55 DEG C.
The polymer is the thermosetting polymer obtained by chemical crosslinking,
The melt temperature of the glass transition temperature and low temperature crystallization phase of the high-temperature amorphous phase of the polymer is distinguished
It is defined as T1, T2(T1＞ T2), define Thigh>T1>Tmiddle>T2>Tlow, this material is heated to into Thigh, it is certain outer by applying
Power deforms which, and is being cooled to TmiddleAfter remove external force, the solid shape of material is labeled as into Shape A (for the first time now
Deformation).In the presence of no external force, material continues cooling (TmiddleIt is down to Tlow) cause Shape A to become Shape B (
Secondary deformation).Hereafter, when temperature is in TmiddleWith TlowBetween repeatedly change (without external force), material shape can accordingly in A and B
Between reversible change.
The polymer bidirectional reversible shape function can ensure the glass transition temperature of amorphous phase higher than crystallization
On the premise of phase crystalline melt temperature, it is possible to achieve two-phase proportion, crosslink density, crystalline phase melt temperature and amorphous phase glass
Change the regulation and control of temperature.
Preferably, the bidirectional reversible shape memory function of the polymeric material is come real by the change of external condition
Existing, the external condition, such as transition temperature are mainly determined by the melt temperature of low temperature crystallization phase in polymer.
The principle of the present invention is by polymer is heated to more than the vitrification point of high-temperature amorphous phase, by applying
Plus primary deformation process caused by certain external force, first Shape A of polymer not only can be determined, is additionally provided
Internal stress needed for promoting second deformation reversible.And the reversible driving force of second deformation is then low under this internal stress effect
The reversible orientation that warm crystalline phase is varied with temperature.Although first time deformation is irreversible, shape A can be by this process by program
The change of change, its change also accordingly result in the change of shape B.
The present invention innovation be：Proposition mutually replaces high temperature crystallization mutually reversible to realize as stress using high-temperature amorphous
Shape memory, prepares monocrystalline thermosetting reversible shape memory macromolecule with this；Realize the adjustability of phase transition temperature.
Prepared shape-memory polymer has advantages below：
1) shape-memory polymer has bidirectional reversible memory effect, and good stability can be by environmental stimuli in two kinds of shapes
Change between shape back and forth；
2) selectable raw material is sufficient, while multiple different systems can be designed to according to the raw material for selecting；
3) adjustability of shape-memory polymer phase transition temperature is larger；
4) shape-memory polymer light weight；
5) preparation method of shape-memory polymer is simple, while different shapes can be designed to according to actual needs；
6) shape-memory polymer low price；
7) shape-memory polymer has preferable electrical insulation capability and heat insulation effect.
Bidirectional reversible shape memory polymer material prepared by the present invention has important application prospect, and which is in biological doctor
All there is larger potential application valency in the fields such as, textile material, machine-building, electronic equipment, cable industry, packaging industry
Value.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the DMA test charts of the polymer that embodiment 1 is obtained.
Fig. 2 is the dual shape memory characterization result figure after 1 sequencing of embodiment sizing.
DMA test charts of the Fig. 3 for the polymer for obtaining of embodiment 2.
Fig. 4 is the dual shape memory characterization result figure after 2 sequencing of embodiment sizing.
DMA test charts of the Fig. 5 for the polymer for obtaining of embodiment 3.
Fig. 6 is the dual shape memory characterization result figure after 3 sequencing of embodiment sizing.
DMA test charts of the Fig. 7 for the polymer for obtaining of embodiment 4.
Fig. 8 is the dual shape memory characterization result figure after 4 sequencing of embodiment sizing.
Fig. 9 is the repeatability and stability test result figure of the dual shape memory of the polymer that embodiment 4 is obtained.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to embodiments, but the scope of protection of present invention is not limited to reality
Apply the scope of example expression.
Embodiment 1
Raw material：
A) polyethyleneglycol diacrylate (PEGDA)：Mw=8000, Alfa Aesar companies；
B) cyclohexyl methacrylate (CMA)：Sigma-Aldrich companies；
C) benzoyl peroxide (BPO)：Aladdin reagent (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.；
Preparation method：
Prepared using polymerisation in bulk：Weigh a certain amount of polyethyleneglycol diacrylate and cyclohexyl methacrylate (its
The mass ratio of middle PEGDA and CMA is 3:1), add benzoyl peroxide the 3% of system gross mass (its addition for), by its
70 DEG C of dissolvings, pour into after stirring in seal glass groove, solidify 2～3h at 100 DEG C.The crystalline fusion temperature of the polymer for obtaining
DMA test results such as Fig. 1 of degree and glass transition temperature.
Dual shape memory is characterized：Polymer is heated to into 156 DEG C, is applied the power stretching of 1N, 56 is cooled under this pulling force
DEG C, pulling force is removed, this process is sequencing deformation process.Then proceed to be cooled to 0 DEG C, be warming up to 56, this polymer 0 DEG C～
56 DEG C of repeatable cold elongations and thermal contraction dual shape memory phenomenon, as a result such as Fig. 2.
Embodiment 2
Raw material：
D) polyethyleneglycol diacrylate (PEGDA)：Mw=8000, Alfa Aesar companies；
E) cyclohexyl methacrylate (CMA)：Sigma-Aldrich companies；
F) Tricyclodecane Dimethanol diacrylate (TDD):Sigma-Aldrich companies；
G) benzoyl peroxide (BPO)：Aladdin reagent (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.；
Preparation method：
Prepared using polymerisation in bulk：Weigh a certain amount of polyethyleneglycol diacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate and three
(mass ratio of wherein PEGDA and CMA and TDD is 6 to cyclodecane Dimethanol Diacrylate:1:2), add benzoyl peroxide
(its addition for system gross mass 3%), which is dissolved at 70 DEG C, is poured in seal glass groove, at 100 DEG C after stirring
2～3h of solidification.DMA test results such as Fig. 3 of the crystalline melt temperature and glass transition temperature of the polymer for obtaining.
Dual shape memory is characterized：Polymer is heated to into 170 DEG C, is applied the power stretching of 2N, 56 is cooled under this pulling force
DEG C, pulling force is removed, this process is sequencing deformation process.Then proceed to be cooled to 0 DEG C, be warming up to 56, this polymer 0 DEG C～
56 DEG C of repeatable cold elongations and thermal contraction dual shape memory phenomenon, as a result as shown in Figure 4.
Embodiment 3
Raw material：
H) polyethyleneglycol diacrylate (PEGDA)：Mw=8000, Alfa Aesar companies；
I) cyclohexyl methacrylate (CMA)：Sigma-Aldrich companies；
J) benzoyl peroxide (BPO)：Aladdin reagent (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.；
Preparation method：
Prepared using polymerisation in bulk：Weigh a certain amount of polyethyleneglycol diacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate (wherein
PEGDA is 2 with CMA mass ratioes:1) benzoyl peroxide (its addition for system gross mass 3%), is added, by which at 70 DEG C
Dissolving, pours into after stirring in seal glass groove, solidifies 2～3h at 100 DEG C.The crystalline melt temperature of the polymer for obtaining and
DMA test results such as Fig. 5 of glass transition temperature.
Dual shape memory is characterized：Polymer is heated to into 170 DEG C, is applied the power stretching of 2N, 56 is cooled under this pulling force
DEG C, pulling force is removed, this process is sequencing deformation process.Then proceed to be cooled to 0 DEG C, be warming up to 56, this polymer 0 DEG C～
56 DEG C of repeatable cold elongations and thermal contraction dual shape memory phenomenon, as a result as shown in Figure 6.
Embodiment 4
Raw material：
K) polyethyleneglycol diacrylate (PEGDA)：Mw=8000, Alfa Aesar companies；
L) cyclohexyl methacrylate (CMA)：Sigma-Aldrich companies；
M) Tricyclodecane Dimethanol diacrylate (TDD):Sigma-Aldrich companies；
N) benzoyl peroxide (BPO)：Aladdin reagent (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.；
Preparation method：
Prepared using polymerisation in bulk：Weigh a certain amount of polyethyleneglycol diacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate and three
(mass ratio of wherein PEGDA and CMA and TDD is 12 to cyclodecane Dimethanol Diacrylate:1:2), add benzoyl peroxide
(its addition for system gross mass 3%), which is dissolved at 70 DEG C, is poured in seal glass groove, at 100 DEG C after stirring
2～3h of solidification.DMA test results such as Fig. 7 of the crystalline melt temperature and glass transition temperature of the polymer for obtaining.
Dual shape memory is characterized：Polymer is heated to into 170 DEG C, is applied the power stretching of 2N, 56 is cooled under this pulling force
DEG C, pulling force is removed, this process is sequencing deformation process.Then proceed to be cooled to 0 DEG C, be warming up to 56, this polymer 0 DEG C～
56 DEG C of repeatable cold elongations and thermal contraction dual shape memory phenomenon, as a result as shown in Figure 8.It is above-mentioned to be repeated several times, characterize dimorphism shape
The repeatability of memory and stability, as a result as shown in Figure 9.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of polymer with bidirectional reversible shape memory effect, it is characterised in that：The polymer includes at least one nothing
Setting phase and a crystalline phase, wherein melt temperature of the glass transition temperature of amorphous phase higher than crystalline phase, both are at least
20 DEG C of difference；Form the crystal material needed for the crystalline phase and be selected from polyethyleneglycol diacrylate, Polyethylene Glycol dimethyl
Acrylate or polycaprolactone diacrylate.
2. the polymer with bidirectional reversible shape memory effect according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described carries
It is acrylate for the material of high glass-transition temperature.
3. the polymer with bidirectional reversible shape memory effect according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described third
Olefin(e) acid ester is methyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, Tricyclodecane Dimethanol diacrylate or its mixture.
4. the polymer with bidirectional reversible shape memory effect according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Form described
The fusing point of the crystal material needed for crystalline phase is at 45～65 DEG C, and is crosslinked the fusing point of post-consumer polymer at 35～55 DEG C.
5. the polymer with bidirectional reversible shape memory effect according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described is poly-
The molecular weight ranges of glycol diacrylate or polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate are 3000～12000；Described gathers oneself
The molecular weight of lactone diacrylate is 3000～14000.
6. the preparation method according to the arbitrary described polymer with bidirectional reversible shape memory effect of claim 1-5, its
It is characterised by, the polymer is prepared by the following method：
(1) select a kind of material that high glass-transition temperature is provided；Its glass transition temperature Tg>95℃；
(2) a kind of crystal material is selected, at 45～65 DEG C, the crystal material is selected from Polyethylene Glycol diacrylate to its fusing point
Ester, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate or polycaprolactone diacrylate；
(3) by above two material crosslinking curing.
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| CN105199052B (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2017-12-29 | 江苏锐康新材料科技有限公司 | Can thermo forming and recovery thermosetting unsaturated polyester resin preparation method, product and application |
| CN107118310A (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2017-09-01 | 香港纺织及成衣研发中心有限公司 | KAFO, for the KAFO shape memory high molecule material manufacture method |
| CN107118313A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-09-01 | 浙江工业大学之江学院 | One kind has triple SME polymer and preparation method thereof |
| CN110003395A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-12 | 深圳大学 | Shape-memory material and its preparation method and application |
| CN110372922B (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2021-06-01 | 北京化工大学 | Polymer material with triple shape memory effect and preparation and application thereof |
| CN110527036A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-03 | 临沂大学 | High molecular material and preparation method thereof with water-responsive bidirectional reversible shape memory function |
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| CN1771294A (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2006-05-10 | 尼莫科学有限公司 | Blends with shape memory characteristics |
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| CN1771294A (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2006-05-10 | 尼莫科学有限公司 | Blends with shape memory characteristics |
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| Shape Memory of Hydrogen-Bonded Polymer Network/Poly(ethylene glycol) Complexes;Guoqin Liu等;《Macromolecules》;20040217;第37卷;第2228-2232页 * |
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