CN102976795A - Medium-temperature color glaze formula and sintering process thereof - Google Patents
Medium-temperature color glaze formula and sintering process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102976795A CN102976795A CN2012105115498A CN201210511549A CN102976795A CN 102976795 A CN102976795 A CN 102976795A CN 2012105115498 A CN2012105115498 A CN 2012105115498A CN 201210511549 A CN201210511549 A CN 201210511549A CN 102976795 A CN102976795 A CN 102976795A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a medium-temperature color glaze formula and a sintering process thereof, wherein the parent glaze of the formula contains the following raw materials by weight percent: 35-45% of potassium-sodium integrated feldspar, 6-8% of kaolin, 13-18% of quartz, 10-15% of limestone, 0-8% of talcum, 0-6% of zinc oxide and 0-6% of barium carbonate. The formula is characterized in that the potassium-sodium integrated feldspar is selected in stead of potassium feldspar or solidum feldspar in combination with the local material reality, so that the production cost and sintering temperature are reduced, and simultaneously, the eutectic point of potassium and sodium is low, the melting range is wide, the solution viscosity is reduced slowly as the temperature rises, and the shrinkage of the glaze can be reduced; meanwhile, the mechanical properties, melting performance and thermal stability of the glaze layer are improved, and the dilatation coefficient of the glaze can be reduced to prevent crazing; and in addition, the elasticity of the glaze is improved, the glossiness of the glaze layer is improved, the surface tension of the glaze is reduced and the generation of the intermediate layer is promoted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ceramic color glaze technical field, be specifically related to a kind of middle temperature coloured glaze prescription and firing process thereof.
Background technology
Along with the raising of people's quality of life and the transformation of consumption idea, require ceramic ware for daily use that practicality should be arranged, artistry and sight are arranged again.Domestic porcelain often needs to adopt the kinds of surface trailing for improving practical bamboo, artistry and sight, and coloured glaze just becomes undisputed first-selection.The research of glaze water is its stability aborning to a great extent, and stable most critical is to fill a prescription to want rationally, simultaneously also need to consider aborning the problem of cost, utilize the locality to enrich, comparatively cheap starting material then are first-selected, existing color glaze prescription adopts potassium felspar sand or albite mostly, the melt temperature scope of the potassium felspar sand that this class is single or albite is little, temperature is low, when firing temperature is higher, cause easily bubble, therefore must just can prepare bright-colored through the optimization of prescription, firing range wider and can and the high-grade coloured glaze of multiple different base substrate combinations.And in the preparation process of coloured glaze, often running into that firing temperature is grasped bad, aberration, glaze colours is inhomogeneous, the base glaze has affected the class of coloured glaze product greatly in conjunction with the problem such as bad.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of middle temperature coloured glaze prescription and firing process thereof are provided, it can solve that existing color glaze formula material is not easy to obtain and existing color glaze fusion range Xiao Yi bubbling and expansion system split more greatly and easily the situation of glaze, improves simultaneously the class of coloured glaze product by control firing atmosphere, firing temperature curve.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of middle temperature coloured glaze prescription, and the parent glaze of this prescription contains the raw material of following weight percent:
The comprehensive feldspar 35-45% of potassium sodium, kaolin 6-8%, quartzy 13-18%, Wingdale 10-15%, talcum 0-8%, zinc oxide 0-6%, barium carbonate 0-6%.
As preferably, the parent glaze of this prescription contains the raw material of following weight percent:
The comprehensive feldspar 39% of potassium sodium, kaolin 7%, quartz 16%, Wingdale 12%, talcum 4%, zinc oxide 2%, barium carbonate 4%.
As preferably, the potassium sodium ratio of the comprehensive feldspar of described potassium sodium is 1:1.
As preferably, also contain the ZrSiO4 that weight percent is 5-10% in the parent glaze of this prescription.
As preferably, also contain the sericite that weight percent is 1-3% in the parent glaze of this prescription.
As preferably, the glaze formula of this coloured glaze is 0.30 KNaO, 0.25 CaO, 0.0406 MgO, 0.20 ZnO, 0.05 MgO, 0.40 Al2O3,3.5 SiO2.
As preferably, the color glaze of this prescription contains the raw material of following weight percent:
Cobalt oxide 2-3%, ferric oxide 0-2%, chromic oxide 0-1%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention is actual in conjunction with local materials, select the comprehensive feldspar of potassium sodium to replace potassium felspar sand or albite, production cost and firing temperature have been reduced, simultaneously so that the eutectic point of potassium sodium is lower, fusion range is wider, set up soltion viscosity with temperature and reduce slowly, can reduce the contraction of glaze; Improve simultaneously glaze layer and mechanical property, melting behaviour and thermostability, and can reduce the coefficient of expansion of glaze and anti-crack arrest glaze, improve the elasticity of glaze, improve the glossiness of glaze layer, reduce the surface tension of glaze, promote the generation of body-glaze intermediate layer.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is kaolin molar equivalent figure.
Fig. 2 is firing temperature graphic representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment one: a kind of middle temperature coloured glaze prescription, and the parent glaze of this prescription contains the raw material of following weight percent:
The comprehensive feldspar 35-45% of potassium sodium, kaolin 6-8%, quartzy 13-18%, Wingdale 10-15%, talcum 0-8%, zinc oxide 0-6%, barium carbonate 0-6%, ZrSiO4 5-10%, sericite 1-3%.
A kind of successful glaze formula, be not simply several raw materials reasonably to be cooperated, it is subject to the limitation and restriction of many-sided condition, such as the structure of the moulding of the places of origin of raw materials, material, base substrate, performance, kiln, atmosphere, firing temperature, curve etc., high spot reviews body and glaze associativity, glaze layer maturing temperature, coloring effect glaze quality.Prevent the appearance of chromatic aberration for the middle temperature firing property that guarantees glaze water, the present invention chooses the comprehensive feldspar of potassium sodium of potassium sodium ratio 1:1, replace original potassium felspar sand and albite, adjust physicals and the sintering temperature of glaze water, can improve simultaneously the glossiness of glaze, the comprehensive feldspar Main Function of potassium sodium is to reduce firing temperature in the glaze, the comprehensive feldspar raw material of this potassium sodium simultaneously, so that potassium sodium eutectic point is lower, fusion range is also wider, reduce slowly with the increase in temperature soltion viscosity, can reduce the contraction of glaze, and can promote the color development of raw material and nonferrous metal oxides.
By adding an amount of ZnO, improve mechanical property, melting behaviour and the thermostability of glaze layer in addition, and can reduce the expansion system of glaze and anti-crack arrest glaze improves the melt temperature scope, improve the sintering range of glaze.Introduce the glossiness that part BaCO3 can improve the glaze layer, reduce simultaneously the surface tension of glaze.Introduce an amount of talcum, as solubility promoter, can improve heat-shock resistance, reduce the expansion system of glaze, improve the elasticity of glaze, promote the generation of body-glaze intermediate layer.By control firing atmosphere and firing temperature curve, color development temperature and the scope of colorant are tested in addition, glaze formula is adjusted, prevent chromatic aberration.
Zinc oxide can be used as solubility promoter in different glaze, opacifying agent, toning agent, crystallizing agent use, and zinc oxide can increase fusion range, increases the glossiness of glaze, can reduce the coefficient of expansion of glaze.
ZrSiO4 has unusual effect to the expansion system that reduces glaze, and preferably thermostability is arranged, and can improve the high temperature viscosity of glaze and enlarge the temperature range that viscosity changes.
Clay is the main raw material of joining glaze, can make the solid particulate in the glaze slip keep the dispersion suspension state, unlikely precipitation, and improve the performance that is coated with of glaze slip, make glaze and base substrate in conjunction with firm, the important sources of silicon-dioxide, aluminum oxide in clay or the glaze is in order to make glaze good stability in large production, the present invention selects the kaolin of high-quality, and its molar equivalent figure as shown in Figure 1.
Talcum is 900 ℃ of front and back, and lattice is run quickly to burst and reset, and becomes very easily moltenly, as the solubility promoter of glaze, reduces melt temperature and the expansion system of glaze, improves the elasticity of glaze, promotes the formation of body-glaze intermediate layer, strengthens the thermostability of goods, can improve whiteness simultaneously.Sericite is so that the bright in color of product is penetrating, and refractive power is effective.
The color glaze of this prescription contains the raw material of following weight percent:
Cobalt oxide 2-3%, ferric oxide 0-2%, chromic oxide 0-1%.
The present invention adopts cobalt oxide, ferric oxide, chromic oxide as tinting material, controls its color development by adjusting the proportionings such as tinting material, solubility promoter, can make strong and bright in colour, pure coloured glaze.The interpolation of tinting material mainly is directly to add to the form of metal oxide or silicate to form color glaze in the parent glaze, according to needed color glaze color, adds an amount of classes of compounds and quality.According to the color requirement, accurately take by weighing various raw materials by formula rate, the grinding in ball grinder of packing into 48h, wherein material: ball: water (wt%)=1:1.5:0.8, behind the whole excessively 10000-hole sieves of glaze water, then to according to the situation of product, adjust the concentration glazing of glaze water.Fabrication processing is: glaze is with raw material-prepare burden-grind-sieve-old-glazing-drying-burn till.
If the introducing colouring matter, a certain amount of variation will occur in the firing temperature of color glaze and glaze quality.Therefore must adjust parent glaze and colouring matter according to practical situation.The comprehensive feldspar of potassium sodium can reduce the firing temperature of glaze as solubility promoter, enhances the transparency, and can also reduce the viscosity of glaze melt, improves mobile.Therefore the comprehensive feldspar consumption of potassium sodium must be controlled at a suitable level; When base glaze thermal expansivity is less than normal, can suitably increase the feldspar consumption, improve thermal expansivity; And too high when the prescription firing temperature, when having surpassed 1280 ℃, should the prescription of parent glaze be adjusted, suitably increase the consumption of solvent; Introduce a certain amount of alkaline earth metal oxide and can improve thermostability, whiteness and glossiness and fusion range.
In addition, the kind of color can obtain by the allotment of various colouring matters, and the addition of colouring matter can directly affect the depth of color, in general range, and both proportional relations.Selecting best glaze formula is very important link in the production process, selects simplely, convenient and swift, and can reach the test method of ideal effect, obtains glaze and is colour-stable prescription, just can put in the actual production.
The present invention is actual in conjunction with local materials, selects the comprehensive feldspar of potassium sodium to replace potassium felspar sand or albite, has reduced production cost and firing temperature, simultaneously so that the eutectic point of potassium sodium is lower, fusion range is wider, sets up soltion viscosity with temperature and reduces slowly, can reduce the contraction of glaze; Improve simultaneously glaze layer and mechanical property, melting behaviour and thermostability, and can reduce the coefficient of expansion of glaze and anti-crack arrest glaze, improve the elasticity of glaze, improve the glossiness of glaze layer, reduce the surface tension of glaze, promote the generation of body-glaze intermediate layer.
Embodiment two: a kind of middle temperature coloured glaze prescription, and the parent glaze of this prescription contains the raw material of following weight percent:
The comprehensive feldspar 39% of potassium sodium, kaolin 7%, quartz 16%, Wingdale 12%, talcum 4%, zinc oxide 2%, barium carbonate 4%, ZrSiO4 8%, sericite 2%.
The color glaze of this prescription contains the raw material of following weight percent:
Embodiment three: the glaze formula of this coloured glaze is 0.30 KNaO, 0.25 CaO, 0.0406 MgO, 0.20 ZnO, 0.05 MgO, 0.40 Al2O3,3.5 SiO2.
It comprises following several step the firing process of this coloured glaze:
1, base substrate is selected: the quality of glaze directly depends on the adaptability with base substrate, make the quality of glaze reach best effect, must select suitable base substrate, general acid strong base substrate is selected with acid weak glaze, acid weak base substrate is equipped with the glaze of meta-alkalescence, feldspar glaze is selected the high base substrate of high silicon, and lime glaze then is equipped with and contains the high base substrate of aluminium;
2, preparation glaze: the glaze quality of ceramic is the key that determines its quality product, determines the quality of glaze quality, and key is science and the reasonableness of glaze formula.Glaze formula of the present invention as mentioned above, by the formulated glaze of above-mentioned coloured glaze, for the ease of glazing and obtain the glaze of high-quality, the preparation of glaze slip generally will be satisfied following requirement:
(1) glaze slip has good flowability and suspension, realizes by adjusting composition of raw materials.When preparation color glaze slurry, decided by the character of used pigment.Pigment to easy generation precipitation can add ammonium chloride or magnesium chloride in right amount, makes it to improve suspension, improves color glaze slurry performance, makes things convenient for the glazing operation; Can add to the pigment of easy generation thixotroping multiviscosisty that an amount of ionogen---water glass is adjusted, it is mobile preferably that glaze slip is had, and is convenient to the glazing operation;
(2) have higher fineness, glaze slip is thinner, and suspension is better, and melting temperature is lower, and bad, glaze fully reacts, and combines closely.
(3) have moderate relative density, generally between 1.3-1.5, if too little, the glaze layer is too thin, easily produces dried glaze, if too large, the glaze layer is too thick, and then glazing is inhomogeneous.
3, glazing: be that the glaze slip that will fully suspend is coated on billet surface.The quality of base substrate will directly have influence on the glazing effect of the goods after the burning, by to the scouring of base substrate and the control and improvement green body quality of base substrate moisture; The wiping water process of base substrate, one side will be controlled the cleaning of water, removes on the other hand dust and the impurity of billet surface;
4, burn till: firing temperature curve of the present invention as shown in Figure 2:
0-200 ℃ of oa section is the low thermophase of preheating, and about 1 hour consuming time, this was drying stage or moisture evaporation stage, and chemical transformation does not occur in the base substrate substantially.Because the moisture of this coloured glaze green bodies used therein is lower, below 5%, so intensification efficient can be very fast;
200-900 ℃ of ab section, be the oxygenolysis stage, about 3.5 hours consuming time, this moment, base substrate was discharged crystal water, carbon and oxidation operation, carbonate, sulphate decomposition, the quartzy crystal conversion etc. that occurs needs a large amount of heat on the one hand, will suitably slow down on the other hand heat-up rate, but because middle temperature coloured glaze green bodies used therein internal crystallization water and organism are more, thereby can suitably improve heat-up rate;
900-1240 ℃ of bc section, for initial melting temperature arrives the maximum sintering temperature stage, about 2 hours consuming time, should control heat-up rate this moment, if heat-up rate is too fast, can a large amount of liquid phases occur suddenly, makes the glaze face closure too early, easily produces bubble, the defectives such as jaundice;
1240-1280 ℃ of cb section is holding stage, is incubated about 0.5 hour, and the temperature difference in the kiln of different kilns is different, so also difference to some extent of required soaking time.
The above, only for preferred embodiment of the present invention, so can not limit scope of the invention process with this, the equivalence of namely doing according to the present patent application claim and description changes and modifies, and all should still belong in the scope that patent of the present invention contains.
Claims (8)
1. warm coloured glaze prescription in a kind, it is characterized in that: the parent glaze of this prescription contains the raw material of following weight percent:
The comprehensive feldspar 35-45% of potassium sodium, kaolin 6-8%, quartzy 13-18%, Wingdale 10-15%, talcum 0-8%, zinc oxide 0-6%, barium carbonate 0-6%.
2. a kind of middle temperature coloured glaze prescription according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the parent glaze of this prescription contains the raw material of following weight percent:
The comprehensive feldspar 39% of potassium sodium, kaolin 7%, quartz 16%, Wingdale 12%, talcum 4%, zinc oxide 2%, barium carbonate 4%.
3. a kind of middle temperature coloured glaze prescription according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the potassium sodium ratio of the comprehensive feldspar of described potassium sodium is 1:1.
4. a kind of middle temperature coloured glaze prescription according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also contain the ZrSiO4 that weight percent is 5-10% in the parent glaze of this prescription.
5. a kind of middle temperature coloured glaze prescription according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also contain the sericite that weight percent is 1-3% in the parent glaze of this prescription.
6. a kind of middle temperature coloured glaze prescription according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the glaze formula of this coloured glaze is 0.30 KNaO, 0.25 CaO, 0.0406 MgO, 0.20 ZnO, 0.05 MgO, 0.40 Al2O3,3.5 SiO2.
7. a kind of middle temperature coloured glaze prescription according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the color glaze of this prescription contains the raw material of following weight percent:
Cobalt oxide 2-3%, ferric oxide 0-2%, chromic oxide 0-1%.
8. the firing process of a kind of middle temperature coloured glaze prescription according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it comprises following several step:
1, base substrate is selected;
2, preparation glaze;
3, glazing: the glaze slip that will fully suspend is coated on billet surface;
4, burn till: its firing temperature curve is divided into following several stage:
0-200 ℃ of oa section is the low thermophase of preheating, and about 1 hour consuming time, this was drying stage or moisture evaporation stage, and chemical transformation does not occur in the base substrate substantially, because the moisture of this coloured glaze green bodies used therein is lower, below 5%, so intensification efficient can be very fast;
200-900 ℃ of ab section, be the oxygenolysis stage, about 3.5 hours consuming time, this moment, base substrate was discharged crystal water, carbon and oxidation operation, carbonate, sulphate decomposition, the quartzy crystal conversion etc. that occurs needs a large amount of heat on the one hand, will suitably slow down on the other hand heat-up rate, but because middle temperature coloured glaze green bodies used therein internal crystallization water and organism are more, thereby can suitably improve heat-up rate;
900-1240 ℃ of bc section, for initial melting temperature arrives the maximum sintering temperature stage, about 2 hours consuming time, should control heat-up rate this moment, if heat-up rate is too fast, can a large amount of liquid phases occur suddenly, makes the glaze face closure too early, easily produces bubble, the defectives such as jaundice;
1240-1280 ℃ of cb section is holding stage, is incubated about 0.5 hour, and the temperature difference in the kiln of different kilns is different, so also difference to some extent of required soaking time.
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| CN103183528A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-07-03 | 深圳市永丰源瓷业有限公司 | Shaping glaze and firing technology of bone china containing high-permeability pigment |
| CN104341138A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2015-02-11 | 福建省德化县腾艺陶瓷有限公司 | Blank, glaze formula and preparation process for preparation of imitated ceramics by utilizing waste porcelain clay |
| CN106800372A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2017-06-06 | 衡阳唯美印务有限公司 | A kind of thermal transfer glaze, preparation method and ceramics that can be write on ceramics |
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| CN114804632A (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2022-07-29 | 景德镇止语堂陶瓷有限公司 | High-temperature colored glaze blue and white |
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Application publication date: 20130320 |