CA2659888A1 - Medical devices including shape memory materials - Google Patents
Medical devices including shape memory materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2659888A1 CA2659888A1 CA002659888A CA2659888A CA2659888A1 CA 2659888 A1 CA2659888 A1 CA 2659888A1 CA 002659888 A CA002659888 A CA 002659888A CA 2659888 A CA2659888 A CA 2659888A CA 2659888 A1 CA2659888 A1 CA 2659888A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- shape memory
- memory polymer
- catheter
- conductive material
- shape
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/10—Balloon catheters
- A61M25/1006—Balloons formed between concentric tubes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L29/00—Materials for catheters, medical tubing, cannulae, or endoscopes or for coating catheters
- A61L29/04—Macromolecular materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L29/00—Materials for catheters, medical tubing, cannulae, or endoscopes or for coating catheters
- A61L29/08—Materials for coatings
- A61L29/085—Macromolecular materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L29/00—Materials for catheters, medical tubing, cannulae, or endoscopes or for coating catheters
- A61L29/14—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. lubricating compositions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/88—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts characterised primarily by possessing specific properties, e.g. electrically conductive or locally reinforced
- B29C70/882—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts characterised primarily by possessing specific properties, e.g. electrically conductive or locally reinforced partly or totally electrically conductive, e.g. for EMI shielding
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B2017/00831—Material properties
- A61B2017/00867—Material properties shape memory effect
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/01—Filters implantable into blood vessels
- A61F2/013—Distal protection devices, i.e. devices placed distally in combination with another endovascular procedure, e.g. angioplasty or stenting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2400/00—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties
- A61L2400/16—Materials with shape-memory or superelastic properties
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
- A61M25/09—Guide wires
- A61M2025/09125—Device for locking a guide wire in a fixed position with respect to the catheter or the human body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/02—General characteristics of the apparatus characterised by a particular materials
- A61M2205/0266—Shape memory materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/0043—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by structural features
- A61M25/0054—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by structural features with regions for increasing flexibility
Abstract
Medical devices, such as catheters, including shape memory materials, are provided, as well as related methods of making and using such medical devices.
Description
MEDICAL DEV.tCES INCLL`DI.:~~~ SH:~PE MEMORY
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. ,,t. ::Z? ?duc;i1 t e rnmt.d<il La91 be ct?i'#fF;pied to activate lLs4 than i f1.& (e.
,-+. S dm.., 50%) of the shape niZ:in;~rypo~~nnG)e.. 3 C.J)xd`'i#c.2E e nii2fi....Ju.r kf#.n extend tle full length- o!1. ¾~it: whmpw ~ ~~~k,mor; ~i poI~`rne.. i, Il't'. rr\)a.w.-= ~Z='4.: a w.~. ?.b ~ t ~~'~rw~ . ~~~~. e~ ~ -.;.
t ?:,?`; o. less th<i..i i.hi.o t'C`a.Ej, PL Hxnetf:%r of the shape niC';`ilor`t 1f; .` ht.`= sh.Ip+.', memory i3i1lyi1e. L;m1h;:ive In5eMyde t\4g , ;.Sv,(;~.
hr::'c, ftwm, iivE:' ,si' >..E.'.) ..k.::.rnv $.hf`,<hai o i3 ti.t nt:1:1+,rt.YS'e LayC=E fla`s.
.rC`.(?:I7:. The multiple 5ec~ei)I7;'s oc~~=
..t.`..d.:r. 1vk 'L`.r can be i:'{.:3i..~e{w:v;t {"= g, Lli.'.coiA:.alS:L' that 0,[c::3 4.~.i bo }~'\i)f.l.:\S )a, fi.-\t yw>~-: ~r:~ia.A~~yv1 ~Tj `\lf`~2f.iOAcli. The l~~uA.
$ r}~13~'*2L 4 ~.'rM1='v.. } (t.til~.t2~ }(=~` ~.l~S~ t bf tt't ` qra =;\ T t}\?i,t {x,.4'.' \, )tfC < rla'SYy~(f)!~~ty -}>S such .t.]. ..~\.2 .'\i1.. T3..1L~r..}.,l,(1Y
l.'i?;~~L~t.~=~4'~~ ¾w\3 an t+2[~ ls.~~i'= b(.}..iv1vS=.\it .i}['S~t\
~(.1~.h'~. ~{,1<:i t ~ ( 7s t.:,... . ~ ,r~. \ { y a4'.:1C ~ t.>'\G~~g~ , of 3:.~\. ~~., f) r sy.`=`
:`~ _.:t).a~ ~..,~i:'~w t;'~.:1~ ))~( ~~~.=r.~.# ..,>.l. '~Yt i~f..
~~.E.L~,:r..ol#s.
W ti', i3;o n7t .i:+.#'y A3{)l? nie' c:).:t~ bS.; C:={<#iFfigu1"i.d to change 1u \d:t3;Ze, ske, a[..(A;ot' = i \ T}C ``r~l )~S.tS}p. ~~ ii#= .J~~Cf~.fL. }~~ `~ } ~l ti= i12L51i~~:M2 } A
~i i .t{.C..i>4+ .. y~=}y t>}~T a'r ~.(!y=~ fl .. ~1.: T i.:::Zt i~r.t~.~h< t }fRtr }'i)r\ < Ya 1 ~,~~1 upon {~ ~a~4'. .Sit1<~2io i v ~s ,3;:1~i, .t; ..: :axgw' c#.ctiL';~teE:. I'liL' Shit.pc memory :1oly#il;,'.E t #.::' be ~
wt3~I~ <3 , \.+sHg#...'el., .. ~ - itr \ s'''\c3.;n,.,as.. f.t. Y -r c 2 is 'n~L>s;
~"ll~'' coI`11.1~,;+`,l..i,l~ +.;i.~ ~.3<'s ..,Ie.<k~. S ~ ~. 5 ~ '~:Pf} ~ 1~
tt. tt' E- :yrl ,Yi:.fT a ~,. ~. ~
iz)i,t1.: # j ,~ta . k?#. . ;v;~3lciii(`? t l?I' ~'itv %I:CR<)) 4~T`~bEI~ :f tiS ` ~:.. ? l1 shape t.:.:, i : L c:)i7.fi t;fz~=d .:5 i=t3lltcio one of an inner and i:'sL...ef' -,r .s ,f..?e-'~ ~ heii~-',F<,i.i:. "a zd ft) ct.n>wL : ?\. ;'>~~`e~' of the inner and outer ~]?t-1Tau t? I;~~L:>3 ...~.Ã..t~~xt~=i~, #.i=T_?~S n i.:a~'.:ii4= ~9F"i4 L)7 d2'>`~:~;7f tlli ff :.ta.~~ k~ it-i'`>ixt.:f. : ~'?i=
z.>c. ?Les pe.::i,. Ãr?e wEt.ctii? 3 ;3y 1I14' P11ySiCl<3>3 of having the catheters bf" lEsf.kcC3.
;> m?v1Mbl .3:.tr;te.i' 6t} d.i' i.#;3d ~r~.`Shag:)1hty, or i.Fnlt?ckL`d, poz``.lft:e.n~.y , _rmaT.~ ~~etbRhtT
?. :~i.:~:~ t..=i>~4#.:,.T,t .be i,.t}v;t,.s permAi steering ofiaC.afliekeiw ttn ou'i l.2t,i.}.#'L ~~ftF~+.'.=
.,;.f~ k.~:. . ..-tw~.ei.~i1Z:;{i .~+..~:i:. or {õ~.~j~L~~..',t~ and straightened. ty<,?`v. emi.t-,]..a.Ti:.i.z..l of ,.,\ihl?s4 p5 :.U+.a...s or cue<l.s of shape menlE.'sa"'S`
Lmhi'.:` rv..: si:34rlc z ~ )G z t?:>:i~i.~<i4~`
i ., ~' t! =.ai.,.;`\ ; ' tt 3t>>l] c' i ~ a:f:t~. C ~` ~'ll.e of zt.~?e.
~.tii`w~l;:. Bt= . ` #.3~,3~;ly :, ? ,.
S` 4.+'~.,.~.?.~ ;.: `~~:
: , ! L,.I.Y2e' _tt1Ci`F~k~* L~,.~'~. ~ ~; .f' i \ f i..::. f)la'"J t ~. r ~50 3<#{i~i 2:t. Trr~ ='L::~:L::~i-, : Et.t.c1i ,.L #a .. ~ ~.f.F~t'.~r'~:~t '\ ''~
..ta?14.: c i:= a vai#ct'Y s." f pi.1rp+)sG}4. Ad\+:a.f3t=lgC'muSl!r'ti th$.
\,:ce~ 1,b6.Jclr i$, iP:y ;tzj ?tl. ~' 31~`~Ãt .~:;'~~.<.
~~+ ti , ;'Y.}<:~ `'. t? >
...d i.;; !#.~#.a~:=c.s~. ~...õ.;)', ~ ~2` f(. ! ;2'3.i13;; tS f~;t.:slv if` t (.' ~44~ i~3s.~ll.< . v 3L#...t:}34 pi`e' Fl.t;r. {Ind viFr`_iTiÃs iIiLxp.<T:.tikv4=. accurate and >`s.:st t~,'~{.,.'hFl.cit3i;s c.l.k ;?t. used .z apply t<.ie 33'I~? Fk Fai3 ~t.S~ : tcF <3c3i..eti%o Pre(:#sL afvtÃi'ated ci7 ?figi.lFat;:o'{iS.
3.ie (.L` iss of one y; t3iorc 41..;) sl?:F'#i:nES of l4` F,".ivvl..iC}:. #
are `:o: `tk>.:.h ..# k.i:'5::
, accomlmnying t3i ;i3 }N,s :F`Fd ,hi' L,e>_ipbt#:}1 bdow: (Na.io' z 4,?L.4`'za, .:i~atLFFt.s.. :z%::;
:=l. r. ti' Ft. ~?k . ~ ..~ s.3{StF.4 dFe dC.ser`'.1pt.t)Il Fld dxs;wEelgs, :z.nEs the I.FiIti:
~~~ SCRUY`novi t~~ iDit.<~vv!.'`iC:is Ii~> e..d~ F`?irSp,~.Q,.kZi ifkZv of s3$1 ca`:..b5?dkr ,aFit of a sleoeL
Ã,.Ã:. _,i?, . y ',. tIr =1a?:., ~ li. F ' first ``,.` and ~ ~i ~t.a.4. ,.tlli.. ~~Il.i: B is ~ y`~4Ã's~>~: c"~.ii e Z'li:~ ~ ;),.a,:L shape ~~z ~ -L ~ I 3 A iÃ. ~ a?C.>_, i v~'<,( nd state.
. 1G. 2A :;i<a 4.E3S~ ? ~~ 3kl i L'ei4' of wti-l i.'{i;.?_3ti)6.{#.:_13:::;Il.. .5lk3 i3.?..1.,em G .z~i3.iE :F' #,.y..luee i .a ti..+F,"4 e :ile.:l:i?F`: pC?lt`k.nUF';, HU 2sZ.3 is a dtsWklE:d vi+:_y, (?.f f".#.; kd;C?Cif.: a .It.Fct4-i ._...Z, w .',h :31e. Zh<_}?i F..3o#=3'1o3 y pCSly m2'7' in a firsE x k.zl.Fe, .:.a[:Fk<.. 2C .4 a dL.~<3.F:E:^":>
iu;;; :ys di.L. :`...>. o.., L.a.s~.".wr of FIG 2A. 1v;:fl7: thU:.ih:..pc 1'k31:`=#x1i.2rt' pt sZ%t-k's4i . > _' tit:1'te.
1:1 F X>; .`A is a d..,.,:`::loj; 'r'.Ã"F?ss Sos":.tik,3i3~:Fl view C3i an eInbi?dlnIe.ifi of a i..il?C?;::
~~~ shape "r ~, 1 1A~ t in r _ {u and f t~-; {v' ;\..
f ,kk::a~UF'Z ~..c..4i'iaS.:~.F-~#. a .F~:'~ ~ki,~..iaa~a ~~.F3.>. ,.~:~.i t..
a ~.:Fl a:
< o '3~E.~iF>,. ti3:.Fll~.Y.`Fa catheter of ~".~~.3 waAl.. `~~'"'k~;3 the shape .F`mnt?#y ;3. ,pFi:`= `. in a 1ii: 4A ,.s a de.i`a1lt d v7C.w of e..F:. L#:'3bodl.nw..1l of c`, b.+;ux?Fc 20 ~.:..,~:..: i st#.<+L ...~#+..>.lt`37_~` ~7E)i4Fk:1::~r in a {kk~s..
Siatto> :aÃC~t ~ E~_ ~2~~ a 4 :~` ~
sLc zo,n.zl Z.:v:Z 4i-:hc b..~~li-.?i.?#.: 5::~.tht;tor of FIG. 4A; iX?It.3 thC . J.3:epeFF,euk4.3z. y p<t:Z,f2vr in "t;:tE_`..
F& .?Ai.i :t detailed, cross-sectional C'~~woi, aS.i emboMm.,`,l. of a bO3..fwei .. . ~ .. . ~ S. l~i SL state; a.~;~i F.{ F ~Z.3, ~`'~. : 4,rL).-y..'+
~..L .. .t:L==;t 3~ :~' a aa.,:s,_ ..T? >z#.i3 ~` ^~E?lykdi4Ã in a ( .' ` ..
..
~';~ ~~>~.'Z~ of :~:~. ?.a;~.'iss..k of 1' J.:i: `?A.; MEh the shape njL:no""S
p(.`s3f F#.`.t.,' rÃ3 tiLvi.?d a.c. .. `.,:tt.=
f , .Z.i, 6A is r, i~z 1;_F#i~+ ~. ?S ~t ~=~F'l?kic~~ tFC;LZ' of ca.Fl e.'.iibtydT.Ã".t.'.t#.: i>l- s. ..al..i3S?`!e ....`.~.hc:i.. : a shape #, t,',F>i(>iY' pE)iyme?":iSl a first it.3tG'3 ,_Fl.d F'3G 6 .{ ~ c.
t,f the. bc?1::: trF c._Fthete3"i7f FK.Ã. 6A, Lx,.zYh the shape ,,;lL,iks3Ã, polymer On a `ois3,F:i zi~`":::.
. >:>. . 4 is sl dw...:Ãi.d. :..a_~'t: ?3; s::=cIlt}n:kl ;4C.s, of .AF., e3i'.b<. }dfi,?w.x: o'f .. s.:.'?w, #.kL i.ai; 3`T t ,c1.t <~kc:~?Z`kZ polymer s71 a first ~^~.cl.~~f'~; i`z~~.
~.~'~ is a u"C3s;~ `si t ~.t?.k:::.. L`ri IS ~at , >,,.L. ...:3.. .,. St>. N.L:: A s t:x..k11 .k>i?h..El.['I. 7B'73; and FIG: rC
is a oeO3s`>-ticC.t.li?jia v:i'.t=S,"
O.. tth . 1. ...~ oLo <.`, x`KY 7 .:y.t whh".he 4h23.pe i~?d.iUlL3# y pE}I
yInC:1 in a ioi.j4.n'n.: yt a W.
14G, :?A is ~l dos zlcZ~a, i'i?ssN sectiC?.i3al view of ci#': embod:1menv+.,&
c3 L=c.'>ht.~':.:.s a shape ;:tlL;mi?#'y ~.tE.:ili'1?'iel' i>3 a hrst stati,:; at3d a'IG, 8B 3a ..
t (:.? f...~. ~:,.i'~.i..fe <:' C~ ~~~ ,' S: ~., ii 3~;i the shape FsnE:=F'i`Foi"y pf?. } F.:el d."1 sQc.5.ft. s$c?I.e:
<~
> ^ti a k~z.H.3~L .. ~'fC.3S' of an C:Ti"3b`~1.:nG''?: C.`?- ,. C,..thf ;e;' :.~i > ~,'.i< v 3 i.
i:.e,~~~zi #~~ ~F"3E:,~' al3 ~ ` f..i'tiy:~ s~. l ilri`~.'~Ysle.St :`~i~. ~~Bis a t.~~?~'RtSti.:;t::.#:~~;:il , #k, 4,s i-?: Mc c<3i>..:..;' s.},. FRI ;: A, w:ih tht s}?aA:}e 3:3em.)iZ' p;?l' nle!' #ia .a .r?,=t om:;: ~tatc:
: >.\:`, i .+, a is a S.f4.w:; ri.i, v.rot.=\ seotio.nal vi4 rv oS. Cv~i e.i#.bodii..w.nroa a c 3th4'Soi.
t:
. ~ , and 'ui~iLo ;
i't# al.~..ui:., k... ~< ~~ ~,y3~:= ei,7C?i',i: ~ yi?ii%I1~9,.i in a 3'#e:~t stz~~i.',, ~'. ;, e 4 ~ ~ _~s i = ~
#s~
a +~.,i}5 i.:~Ik.
w. , .
i #...w of ha:= cw.lieEcr of FK. aiO:''4,. '4v:di the shape l1.t:,#nia.a~"pl`i~-,neE d.`? . ~Gs.oi,.i:i a$iit+;,:.
. a\. `x. i M I I B, :i1.L 11, C are z:;'os4-St'C.Ã1o#"Ea? 4 sc' l ti s a?
.L, nZ.:i:. sl+"1tL-mdr~ri'.l%'k, iTi a body fe.~isep..
12 is a f ~s.~4 t:i ~ I7$~?t7(~1i3~viit f3z i `.~7cF:~?l?~~ fs:3i if'i~`s, iEn shape ~~ ' iS.~;3<.=.i .:~ ]:';.~'.; . ~:~'.i;~~'~L i:Twx~'zC3#'i' ~ ~~t.',i'ii~~.
DET.,A]l, ED DESCR.t.VIAON
.
::3 = ,~E#ty.. ; .:"_ikkd . : `;:i# li3TG~ ti'it2:~~ :1.ci.vo one or :Ilf}?"e poI.#E1::l:i a,#zz4.iddn:.',a shape ni.. y1?.r> 4 i.d:i:Wi?ci.at >'l .inw t"T: be selectively iEa:;ii?t1i.:ed to cl>s..I.i7:L E:}:ie or 1:_:sf,='?¾', ``.+.t.f..t.... . i. c.n~.>..s..~~.. V . . . M~.iLi.~,F:~2 , ,. .~ r .
~f;
20 W,.'=:;' K:. to t . G^. I A :3f d 113. a +hilIli' 111i'..T]OE>' P.01~'#
Tt4:.'i' (YVIF ) is.tt..#fe:
,`~ ti~#:' o; a s,. LZ ~= ) .#:I.'.~?.f..=ti :~',.E1bi3#' i:I7it.i 9 and a ~:;~3i7.i~.~.:~::~.#.~=e ~~it re, or iouiz3i,,,,, (as .
# ?:, t;: :Z.? 'Rs, a`v'd to an om::'i1`rE f3r5; portion 3 of fl.i. Ãu::) ila."r" .~',?1C':i#bci.
rt 7 ys ~?L f ' ...:i...~it>s=y;L? .~., is Il~A~~~4fs of) s~'.. S:~:S`C~.~`}', #;~L.'i'd~~S~~''.~?~?i~#.:~'i~ f `v { r ~`~`d w.i ?v:? f o t}i..i is ,.;apAtA=.., L3f tians.tioN#.d fra:#i a first shapL :o a se+. oai.: ;
^T
?f ~ z ~#:ii -. t .<?~a T shape ~3~.:C,:#. ~' ~ ~ -; ~k#~`c3: e A~ }
.t~"4a'ia?t.':r<7 ,_ ~.~. i,i~:~.a ~.y;,'='tii#t0= s C .l~, a Si _ir~"1(i~~~ti,. ~:i~...3 as liC' t. .
tli.irki '(,to`k"i#i;l: 6 oii w3iidi LZ?3?if.i#.e.`ve lc3fi '.j. 4 2 iJi#S2 't3 d \ i.o < .3p.';: :<>. llyui- 4 i 6 Z?lii7em+ d by ',? iIE 5 8 to ii1. Lt14# hl`
:,`. .xi c 5 (`::ii.h, <
<_ t? i= .,3`. ..i>.:. _~a.,E`ti~ ~~~.>:: ~ ~ that is capable of delit'wl.in~.; C :C.i:s;y to fl."Ã= ,.L`nE`ai.lc'tiS'e ~ ?: =;~ .# f is LpAN4 of heating L:.C-#.ldt:#.Glavb'. layer 4õ which fin wr':i can heat 3;r*.>
9 ' change shape : : + #il~4'~i~i.i :~-~:#., ~;Fat;:' ..#..:~{
3.t;s .? . l. #., .i~ . . ..F %i? cis.w.`i1 ~,.#. ~:. E
u ?~, t}
s L { I .S f IC.3. B~. SC::1,:i}',.~,l.F p{3i¾ion 2 and th`..C.dt p'LJikioi` 6, ..i~~~,~.:.; f?. ~s. . Ad {~C3~3. ~~. second ;~i~ci~.3<.(:~' ct..#c:#?'~ le.#yi=i''-~õ ~~~3 not yUi31~.:.i~#:.~.l#~ ~~'~l:tw;~' in t>;..r~. 3:#i, :.ab,.>..l` ..3..nr=t. ,. :se3''i'.~(iC:d pCZi'ti.d:iti (45I' pi?l: .o#is ..s dc;ic,ibiA hdt`vv) 7" c>p ,~'\.L.ti'Li1vl''"ly, and one E?x'?F.caf:'. por;.1ow ~ilc.E CiCrvs n?:?x La?e-{r.";"?.'+"
~
131' ri?P.Itm~g z (7:i]i>t..t a#S%;' :clyi:' 4 to predetermined pL>.'i#.t3a?J' ' af.:;z:3'Llti \ti ~: E:I cj :i7:# Lm, be t.s~~cl.wd to ,lt;hle4 ' a 3'r.3:rYay of purposes.
As t.:e:*c?`, bt.=ts below, 54r#..\3j;la <.Sa Such s.C.r Z e ? , can b?->'. applied to ni:.Li.lcrll de't=~.L.C'.s tC'> 6.Ia.t<`'!:i'...t, flnC`>
t i~:i?i"......#.\= . t?, ~,..t i~3a=~ %4~ ~, For exi33aplt`., the shape 1.?:eI`:'.iC32',Y` pf3l? ii.e# :~.. a~F:3s4S i'.:a,#?
t..:~i:?r~~ ati:t~'1ett'#ti 3IE ~IC=i.#i: 3G~Le~r:# >s??F... .i:S;' siLi~ #.i <?:
~.,::`f1#.d,t4,h a Z s.., ss\:l anatomy, aI1d. in fi3tÃ.'is fC?I fi~~,.ti 3Ii;.`; fluids .?#F, bi3di, . ..i`?: ,A,, 213, and 2C shom' a balloon catheter 50 ?.1>S.:lEa.tiinN .lot vt?: which serves os , `='i:s.E;~~ia'~.~.:ifsI?~. :C`, `v.~:.t.i?t ..'~lZ` ~:~!2;3C
ti:~I?~;.~ : of ri1't_ t,=1 .s '~, :. s ~C ` the . 4Ãe'r.
B ; s.,... ?i; #.,w>I:?d.., .' ::.,., t1.',i iTieli,bt;;r :?0, an . ?.: . ?
i:1`:1hc. `?2 at .k,'asi 'sa. ; ;. . . ` .t..? a the is..... 7iwntt3`, and i:iFl t<xpa.EdaAESlE.
b:.klif? `Y. f's ` Wt> I=v, 62, As sk3.lfwn. sleeve { is tit 't.L1I'E:d Im S.3\3tc:; il>e.II?t?'t'.>' 60 # (a `? i`; n~i' b:):,d=, g tm' adhesive bi:EÃ1d111g, ~ proximally of baflÃxC:t31 63 and b.`~h-v:'=<:#:l ~
#::i`:ta.#t k`~: f?`t~a :?. Sleeve I can #Il certain : mboszirt?.eni` t4 e :1 ~Ã.z#. C?~L. ..?i. #~= ~i :~Y e :>~FL =:) .ttomF i3ln 1.i1ti.F'fif:?'"eF..t e -fit within S`+#.#tei nn5:1'a#b.:x 60 .F.#`,d. not to the !:)'#.acz member 60. Conductive lt#yr:: 4 of slot.4c: 11 Al.;..?A
\ t ~ i:?~... \;^ia#af.a3 #IL ~~:~3I? vti .th (:Isi:t"`'.,.y source 5 (nt3t by wires (m): shL3w1:).
:'f; e:lLet`l k?-."i)a{~,?,,,;-ly betti?E'cL31 il4" o1.etd'.r ai1i:t .Fn-nc.#` m:?I2Eh>..s 605 62 t3i3"iL'i?x.
na. or i:3of: of LhS; t`.13:ted' and #I).neI' members 60, 62.
~}.'t~', t: I is 4<.1p.,bi..= ('rf Che, 1gilxg fTt,?I3:1 <2 ii9 cl :ieC.t?nd s.hwpe to chi:lagQ
.. faCe3jiY. r~..~f',FI. ~wal'~ M ~. .<'} -:;, S r+- #ri t \i . ~!'~i.. ? ~\3 .. i~t`..~
~?fCi.ta the A,2, L kc #: t? k ~ tt.2 ?~R ;:~.~. at]t.,~~2(.~,. .'g ~_1. ~~'i w...t...r.\Ld:>h#.pe a.i <..M.i,E?o: su.*.iE:`\'. % of sleeve I abuts an xnai.f:.".3s.?.T. 1#aafwx 61 of t}tft-a' 25 ",. (t \ \jt?t:~` #~l3{ `{` 1f-x 4~4.)~i(LL~~t inner t]} F.~[SN{Nh~~i?e)' 62. ~.J1#'T.t.r \}< a ~5a!
'i..#.a.:# ( 1~~~#,4i~.~i the t.~\:S 2. 4..nl.}.ci t.,w,..<,~. ~..} `s ,: +.,1..#, 62 ;.i`e ua.t:.. t\t ' z ;l~#t#l:t catheter '`:? is Y
. ;~ 3?r ~ r.. ~~.1~ Z~<~ 3~:~~~.Ãi't,ty l:i' :.bxi: st. that ii a xt; i;~;. {r_ ~ a a t t`.x=~r~'tSw#F; : f? * t a :~'i L::" 4 Z.cz,t, ... . . ~#~-i?)il;~ }~?~.a.:}. ,wi,.;~~##~1~ ~:(? ~ ~~..3. ._~...
,_r3f} , `i (, #.~aE i;
..":>.E. ~~?
.:;..'? .t.L.:~ :apZ' n t,,;so2 y '~t5 ':a~? it~ first ~74:#Tt:i?:il 3 ~:~I:aFig~.`~ ti,? :i w.,\,~:3?'.~~F;
. ~. .. ..
# ._L`en+....i`in: d shape 111 which the pi'1lL'.i71oT reduces :l &st3`.F1cte?` 3a.iF.C.#, a3'? #õ3i.,`'ii:?Ã' W hE,., :tt\:~ ?. of ~ I4c: ;3l? . Ef:'1 3 ~a::~"#] , contacts an t=x~.c.E',E)3' s:#3.'f3E.o 63 <.?. #:i:aLt~ :r<a1.3t Wi :? 2.
.is, a :' `4t.... 4,LC.`<: vL3?.1il,es or locks the mltf r ?`ner1'sbE;=#.' 60 to the li.'frw:` nn4.21bt.,. 62 t't:ki;
?'s,tS.i::-:,~ #.:~i~:.i.ls.Ei~. +. i ;~3C:: t il~~.: a~1~~';I2~~S~.4 l"+.~':3~] ~ .;oz :.'s~: L??ii.i~~ ::3.i;';;T~~34`.: ,C?..~+iÃ:~= i~{a;~.'#' #`S 60 L? t :~il?' ~Ã"'.i.3~i?icf`stil;?:>1~1 and 6 #?.<s.t> ` .,.. a.,.f .<i..#.L.+:,s .."\ pE.iShzi "Ohy of tL F:F.?:lh, s3X..
C.ikhe.e?` '4i..:`h, ?s SF1J#s,._ ocs.rt'F': sI\.. w ..#. the Zcd..3'3S`#F cai.E::S;ts-:1s pushed thF'(}u_h a nm[`I'i?`i'Y c.'t4>izntP s.a..E;`v~'~' m; :C: r,d:ti a1f b:x.:, i~:'F`: Lmi2:'LCF' 50 ti? be to CTft.;:1L=o i.hL=
cCCItF-p,LF g or lf?ck.i#:3,? }'5etv5''S."W:.:~ outer ...;<1 .I`.Est:= FF.L#....b4.s `t.`. i..'.., ~~,. .Fiilc~:"`t3.s i{23 tubular i?1Z"
?~If~I'`~ sza3t~.~3a F#i#F#<#' F~.L'#la})eF i?2 sC.lt.iatt., i i.a:t ;F.Z.ecStiL j~,'art t : l~t"f~;~.Tl~'+l.o. w'' 9 the <' i :Ã`,e:t,t.i, ~t.)t~Lxi.C:l~ ~~~~: ~F..~3~F~~' ,...~~ ,Fa;~#' t~.~:,.'.;Fe.
,t?4i.'~:=d i:J t?,#::. {3.i#:2ffie7', increasing the sity"3C:sy t?? [tie catheter.
i\ < F _ '~.~ta. _ at q s..:13. .Ya.y ~:.'.A:~~~.)~4~. a viDtlav;`~ i'S ~;~'..~.~.{~ .~.: a s~aa.~3t'#'La<.~~#=?l~ ~r ~,~'.'.~i..4l~ #:+
t `#~; :i.`...., e..>... ..:`o >.....4~ i.1i'.:~? `rV ~:?~.? y`# :~';~~ ~.<l#s ~:~e:3Y=~.: a ::d.:.#`}Zi.`= i<a:~Li f}i~ a portion '~~sia.
. ... , i, :i: .1 not . x %::;al ,oLinC:. ?`;e p+.'.# yr?b2.TZ' of the m.I:ihei. `}uti E"
thiit. '.y.,c.. {#..:.R'<3.t#.;El, i.:t`
ac..c.vr#.~ t tr:: tes oS.Z:Ita3C.~ ...'~ #. .~# ~?ti:.;}`?i changes ~C.i3~~~t? :'~~`s~ to a~.:'.1~,`~t'i:F' i.? a *.:l'i,'.#::..t:3`'1 ''.'`; 3. .g,i.::aS't'r pi3iiÃ)TI.
, -As . sti,.. ...:.e3fihtx ~::~ :3a7e~?~f:; < lLc;i7Ll fifiei Mysteni can ?ni.:ludL a sht?ipCr I: zez`:3o1"4=' '2~.i '` ? L` . w~.i. {'a.r:=..~i.4'~.1. ..l-:i~.} ya= = ) ..2t)~=5.~ ? +~ ~ ~
t2 `y >L#i}5 }G~S yY=~ y~b'i:r Ai~y t y~::x~K .a c t-y ~: ~ c<
!)~4~]1.3i~. ~i.#~Iif.di.3l~{~. t+ : s ?v\.~.#1~1. ~{t~}t'r=.fa.\.}a r ~c.Ti:~ve 4.i. . m4#..a:e #.!ou1 \#-: ., ki{YSi le n{4ApHko C.iliR.~'i~ claw.! .iJ.`Ave {i: iw.'oiAieuct' 1 V a-y4. on a dwvia.2 por# ivn. W:ai:.a u,.}acivateLa the :`hG.:pe#a.#.'=mory p\?a'timm ~do4S ~
igt'#in5t tF#.c wt.ii:.#a#..
#.wtw..#.'.bL.#. Wh4. activated, #hw{_Eisiat porf..on: caZ# \.xp,r`..Ãx'{..
fte.g.z ttr pLe'1.4 a,i.unk:2 or inttJia the p:'t:}:t.3E.a3.$l. eE3d of :}lF'. shape menti,I S' p3?l<m>.`'.'<f sleeve +.,f}?':t.r?:#..S to ~1 20 1 t~' f ' t k \i ~ ~S~ tt. ~ lay ~:1..t .~ .~:+...~,~~.a~_, ~~~~74:~1Ãi`~C;'#~:it3?a~f:~' ~YE..~'>a:tT'h~Ã`<: ..;i:ia~ w~^.~:>....iT.=t~
. )~fho<.?
:o t. g the ,. .....i:.~ ?ti.~.1,.~.~x` ~ i~!)wA3:i:n. cat%:hi?Z.s, d `a.'.lbr#.: ptEs\ng ( p g j :
.~i,t.,.::=:: .a,:: ~:: 4 a #~~. ~l~. .`,}.~?r`k..:=~.i~ .. the t:=i.1I]i,31Si.:'i~#`t~~. 1 2w.~-=~'>=~~t:#.. i~+l~ turned ( .t; tile .
F` .t,..>"= z,:~a ' a~. t~? '= ..,i'i e`,t!' l?i?i~'#1S i, s~~lTi ~1 can then ià :ti17. `..`. c`Ii z#z :
t t pa+s,:iL'} 1. E<i.Y :# c:,}aa#35, the ti.#Nda.' tT7e'n"'i+".?el': T.l#5 C:c;#? C.fl:G.c`'Za:..li, r,..#`,:``r:{3 t,lo fii:'e.cd 25 t t ~ 'ai;i#.:4P, ,;i..~ r:.. LI'#I?;i~'~. the t#.Is~.?lit.~i%~y .iti..`,.3'~Fe:71~.: )f3,,' its .#{~:~t:i}.., ..~:` a.~}.:~c-..`:w '~ ~. . . . . .
i#.,. , lf~`? .~ #~:~ the 'i.<=?i~~t.l?' i2~~~'~.=i. t,~i?~~2 the ::#.i]"rt :.#`#., .'1' ~ t ; Ã.i=.13i4 a :~). t; . ;
ua.
i: ti'li ly ;3t ti , '{. ..S.t~ti:i.l C1.. ic[ss are provided .
is I1t~~. a :~:~<1?E,' 1:`.+"s~i `t3_'y ~#..l<.Et'fE., i;`a' 3.. ztw:`e~z.
`t?.1> :4r 3 aZ;:t ~?t, a ~:.s:3... ~Y~ ` o` .,. .~ 1"1i7l< `y...liltt~
. . .. . . LLti.3.~. :~3:a: 4' ~ ~~r 4' <
a > l #. t`:.a?`..# > c.~p4d,_. catheters c it p'ot'Edcld5 the C `ile^..415 hu.t\ Ã 1Ã., a p.#It..i ':
t, ` .=
E.3~1#_~E3t.e.v~:~ I~:i7.~t4I~$:?:S. .4 on at }.r~..,s; a ~?f~r:>.S~a. :t.
~..a=r . ik ~:
1 i# ..a::: .`? .,; til..{##':t` nat'::: ?oz?' :2ol~`?t`s).t'_ z .+.; catheters are pi'Cr\ .dC::Ã< 'i'lit; c<3thet4rs kac::ud~:' an t._.t;:a `.`.o4 mma,7ei w~'d a 1triu'o3:vwe located b''~`.~.wE'<S.'.:n fl1+..>C?~~i.C..
?1_id .n-no_:' , \t t< .
.. iunbt. ".> a shape I21~C.'mC?I3' a" ~..3`:~I <3?#d ~:t?f3 '''3i3~.` ; .+. ;3i1;:
l3 ,.rtc .lt..#,1d% one or mom of dii; WHt?M#I ?' S..,uz`.:'L'`sz.
. ,,t. ::Z? ?duc;i1 t e rnmt.d<il La91 be ct?i'#fF;pied to activate lLs4 than i f1.& (e.
,-+. S dm.., 50%) of the shape niZ:in;~rypo~~nnG)e.. 3 C.J)xd`'i#c.2E e nii2fi....Ju.r kf#.n extend tle full length- o!1. ¾~it: whmpw ~ ~~~k,mor; ~i poI~`rne.. i, Il't'. rr\)a.w.-= ~Z='4.: a w.~. ?.b ~ t ~~'~rw~ . ~~~~. e~ ~ -.;.
t ?:,?`; o. less th<i..i i.hi.o t'C`a.Ej, PL Hxnetf:%r of the shape niC';`ilor`t 1f; .` ht.`= sh.Ip+.', memory i3i1lyi1e. L;m1h;:ive In5eMyde t\4g , ;.Sv,(;~.
hr::'c, ftwm, iivE:' ,si' >..E.'.) ..k.::.rnv $.hf`,<hai o i3 ti.t nt:1:1+,rt.YS'e LayC=E fla`s.
.rC`.(?:I7:. The multiple 5ec~ei)I7;'s oc~~=
..t.`..d.:r. 1vk 'L`.r can be i:'{.:3i..~e{w:v;t {"= g, Lli.'.coiA:.alS:L' that 0,[c::3 4.~.i bo }~'\i)f.l.:\S )a, fi.-\t yw>~-: ~r:~ia.A~~yv1 ~Tj `\lf`~2f.iOAcli. The l~~uA.
$ r}~13~'*2L 4 ~.'rM1='v.. } (t.til~.t2~ }(=~` ~.l~S~ t bf tt't ` qra =;\ T t}\?i,t {x,.4'.' \, )tfC < rla'SYy~(f)!~~ty -}>S such .t.]. ..~\.2 .'\i1.. T3..1L~r..}.,l,(1Y
l.'i?;~~L~t.~=~4'~~ ¾w\3 an t+2[~ ls.~~i'= b(.}..iv1vS=.\it .i}['S~t\
~(.1~.h'~. ~{,1<:i t ~ ( 7s t.:,... . ~ ,r~. \ { y a4'.:1C ~ t.>'\G~~g~ , of 3:.~\. ~~., f) r sy.`=`
:`~ _.:t).a~ ~..,~i:'~w t;'~.:1~ ))~( ~~~.=r.~.# ..,>.l. '~Yt i~f..
~~.E.L~,:r..ol#s.
W ti', i3;o n7t .i:+.#'y A3{)l? nie' c:).:t~ bS.; C:={<#iFfigu1"i.d to change 1u \d:t3;Ze, ske, a[..(A;ot' = i \ T}C ``r~l )~S.tS}p. ~~ ii#= .J~~Cf~.fL. }~~ `~ } ~l ti= i12L51i~~:M2 } A
~i i .t{.C..i>4+ .. y~=}y t>}~T a'r ~.(!y=~ fl .. ~1.: T i.:::Zt i~r.t~.~h< t }fRtr }'i)r\ < Ya 1 ~,~~1 upon {~ ~a~4'. .Sit1<~2io i v ~s ,3;:1~i, .t; ..: :axgw' c#.ctiL';~teE:. I'liL' Shit.pc memory :1oly#il;,'.E t #.::' be ~
wt3~I~ <3 , \.+sHg#...'el., .. ~ - itr \ s'''\c3.;n,.,as.. f.t. Y -r c 2 is 'n~L>s;
~"ll~'' coI`11.1~,;+`,l..i,l~ +.;i.~ ~.3<'s ..,Ie.<k~. S ~ ~. 5 ~ '~:Pf} ~ 1~
tt. tt' E- :yrl ,Yi:.fT a ~,. ~. ~
iz)i,t1.: # j ,~ta . k?#. . ;v;~3lciii(`? t l?I' ~'itv %I:CR<)) 4~T`~bEI~ :f tiS ` ~:.. ? l1 shape t.:.:, i : L c:)i7.fi t;fz~=d .:5 i=t3lltcio one of an inner and i:'sL...ef' -,r .s ,f..?e-'~ ~ heii~-',F<,i.i:. "a zd ft) ct.n>wL : ?\. ;'>~~`e~' of the inner and outer ~]?t-1Tau t? I;~~L:>3 ...~.Ã..t~~xt~=i~, #.i=T_?~S n i.:a~'.:ii4= ~9F"i4 L)7 d2'>`~:~;7f tlli ff :.ta.~~ k~ it-i'`>ixt.:f. : ~'?i=
z.>c. ?Les pe.::i,. Ãr?e wEt.ctii? 3 ;3y 1I14' P11ySiCl<3>3 of having the catheters bf" lEsf.kcC3.
;> m?v1Mbl .3:.tr;te.i' 6t} d.i' i.#;3d ~r~.`Shag:)1hty, or i.Fnlt?ckL`d, poz``.lft:e.n~.y , _rmaT.~ ~~etbRhtT
?. :~i.:~:~ t..=i>~4#.:,.T,t .be i,.t}v;t,.s permAi steering ofiaC.afliekeiw ttn ou'i l.2t,i.}.#'L ~~ftF~+.'.=
.,;.f~ k.~:. . ..-tw~.ei.~i1Z:;{i .~+..~:i:. or {õ~.~j~L~~..',t~ and straightened. ty<,?`v. emi.t-,]..a.Ti:.i.z..l of ,.,\ihl?s4 p5 :.U+.a...s or cue<l.s of shape menlE.'sa"'S`
Lmhi'.:` rv..: si:34rlc z ~ )G z t?:>:i~i.~<i4~`
i ., ~' t! =.ai.,.;`\ ; ' tt 3t>>l] c' i ~ a:f:t~. C ~` ~'ll.e of zt.~?e.
~.tii`w~l;:. Bt= . ` #.3~,3~;ly :, ? ,.
S` 4.+'~.,.~.?.~ ;.: `~~:
: , ! L,.I.Y2e' _tt1Ci`F~k~* L~,.~'~. ~ ~; .f' i \ f i..::. f)la'"J t ~. r ~50 3<#{i~i 2:t. Trr~ ='L::~:L::~i-, : Et.t.c1i ,.L #a .. ~ ~.f.F~t'.~r'~:~t '\ ''~
..ta?14.: c i:= a vai#ct'Y s." f pi.1rp+)sG}4. Ad\+:a.f3t=lgC'muSl!r'ti th$.
\,:ce~ 1,b6.Jclr i$, iP:y ;tzj ?tl. ~' 31~`~Ãt .~:;'~~.<.
~~+ ti , ;'Y.}<:~ `'. t? >
...d i.;; !#.~#.a~:=c.s~. ~...õ.;)', ~ ~2` f(. ! ;2'3.i13;; tS f~;t.:slv if` t (.' ~44~ i~3s.~ll.< . v 3L#...t:}34 pi`e' Fl.t;r. {Ind viFr`_iTiÃs iIiLxp.<T:.tikv4=. accurate and >`s.:st t~,'~{.,.'hFl.cit3i;s c.l.k ;?t. used .z apply t<.ie 33'I~? Fk Fai3 ~t.S~ : tcF <3c3i..eti%o Pre(:#sL afvtÃi'ated ci7 ?figi.lFat;:o'{iS.
3.ie (.L` iss of one y; t3iorc 41..;) sl?:F'#i:nES of l4` F,".ivvl..iC}:. #
are `:o: `tk>.:.h ..# k.i:'5::
, accomlmnying t3i ;i3 }N,s :F`Fd ,hi' L,e>_ipbt#:}1 bdow: (Na.io' z 4,?L.4`'za, .:i~atLFFt.s.. :z%::;
:=l. r. ti' Ft. ~?k . ~ ..~ s.3{StF.4 dFe dC.ser`'.1pt.t)Il Fld dxs;wEelgs, :z.nEs the I.FiIti:
~~~ SCRUY`novi t~~ iDit.<~vv!.'`iC:is Ii~> e..d~ F`?irSp,~.Q,.kZi ifkZv of s3$1 ca`:..b5?dkr ,aFit of a sleoeL
Ã,.Ã:. _,i?, . y ',. tIr =1a?:., ~ li. F ' first ``,.` and ~ ~i ~t.a.4. ,.tlli.. ~~Il.i: B is ~ y`~4Ã's~>~: c"~.ii e Z'li:~ ~ ;),.a,:L shape ~~z ~ -L ~ I 3 A iÃ. ~ a?C.>_, i v~'<,( nd state.
. 1G. 2A :;i<a 4.E3S~ ? ~~ 3kl i L'ei4' of wti-l i.'{i;.?_3ti)6.{#.:_13:::;Il.. .5lk3 i3.?..1.,em G .z~i3.iE :F' #,.y..luee i .a ti..+F,"4 e :ile.:l:i?F`: pC?lt`k.nUF';, HU 2sZ.3 is a dtsWklE:d vi+:_y, (?.f f".#.; kd;C?Cif.: a .It.Fct4-i ._...Z, w .',h :31e. Zh<_}?i F..3o#=3'1o3 y pCSly m2'7' in a firsE x k.zl.Fe, .:.a[:Fk<.. 2C .4 a dL.~<3.F:E:^":>
iu;;; :ys di.L. :`...>. o.., L.a.s~.".wr of FIG 2A. 1v;:fl7: thU:.ih:..pc 1'k31:`=#x1i.2rt' pt sZ%t-k's4i . > _' tit:1'te.
1:1 F X>; .`A is a d..,.,:`::loj; 'r'.Ã"F?ss Sos":.tik,3i3~:Fl view C3i an eInbi?dlnIe.ifi of a i..il?C?;::
~~~ shape "r ~, 1 1A~ t in r _ {u and f t~-; {v' ;\..
f ,kk::a~UF'Z ~..c..4i'iaS.:~.F-~#. a .F~:'~ ~ki,~..iaa~a ~~.F3.>. ,.~:~.i t..
a ~.:Fl a:
< o '3~E.~iF>,. ti3:.Fll~.Y.`Fa catheter of ~".~~.3 waAl.. `~~'"'k~;3 the shape .F`mnt?#y ;3. ,pFi:`= `. in a 1ii: 4A ,.s a de.i`a1lt d v7C.w of e..F:. L#:'3bodl.nw..1l of c`, b.+;ux?Fc 20 ~.:..,~:..: i st#.<+L ...~#+..>.lt`37_~` ~7E)i4Fk:1::~r in a {kk~s..
Siatto> :aÃC~t ~ E~_ ~2~~ a 4 :~` ~
sLc zo,n.zl Z.:v:Z 4i-:hc b..~~li-.?i.?#.: 5::~.tht;tor of FIG. 4A; iX?It.3 thC . J.3:epeFF,euk4.3z. y p<t:Z,f2vr in "t;:tE_`..
F& .?Ai.i :t detailed, cross-sectional C'~~woi, aS.i emboMm.,`,l. of a bO3..fwei .. . ~ .. . ~ S. l~i SL state; a.~;~i F.{ F ~Z.3, ~`'~. : 4,rL).-y..'+
~..L .. .t:L==;t 3~ :~' a aa.,:s,_ ..T? >z#.i3 ~` ^~E?lykdi4Ã in a ( .' ` ..
..
~';~ ~~>~.'Z~ of :~:~. ?.a;~.'iss..k of 1' J.:i: `?A.; MEh the shape njL:no""S
p(.`s3f F#.`.t.,' rÃ3 tiLvi.?d a.c. .. `.,:tt.=
f , .Z.i, 6A is r, i~z 1;_F#i~+ ~. ?S ~t ~=~F'l?kic~~ tFC;LZ' of ca.Fl e.'.iibtydT.Ã".t.'.t#.: i>l- s. ..al..i3S?`!e ....`.~.hc:i.. : a shape #, t,',F>i(>iY' pE)iyme?":iSl a first it.3tG'3 ,_Fl.d F'3G 6 .{ ~ c.
t,f the. bc?1::: trF c._Fthete3"i7f FK.Ã. 6A, Lx,.zYh the shape ,,;lL,iks3Ã, polymer On a `ois3,F:i zi~`":::.
. >:>. . 4 is sl dw...:Ãi.d. :..a_~'t: ?3; s::=cIlt}n:kl ;4C.s, of .AF., e3i'.b<. }dfi,?w.x: o'f .. s.:.'?w, #.kL i.ai; 3`T t ,c1.t <~kc:~?Z`kZ polymer s71 a first ~^~.cl.~~f'~; i`z~~.
~.~'~ is a u"C3s;~ `si t ~.t?.k:::.. L`ri IS ~at , >,,.L. ...:3.. .,. St>. N.L:: A s t:x..k11 .k>i?h..El.['I. 7B'73; and FIG: rC
is a oeO3s`>-ticC.t.li?jia v:i'.t=S,"
O.. tth . 1. ...~ oLo <.`, x`KY 7 .:y.t whh".he 4h23.pe i~?d.iUlL3# y pE}I
yInC:1 in a ioi.j4.n'n.: yt a W.
14G, :?A is ~l dos zlcZ~a, i'i?ssN sectiC?.i3al view of ci#': embod:1menv+.,&
c3 L=c.'>ht.~':.:.s a shape ;:tlL;mi?#'y ~.tE.:ili'1?'iel' i>3 a hrst stati,:; at3d a'IG, 8B 3a ..
t (:.? f...~. ~:,.i'~.i..fe <:' C~ ~~~ ,' S: ~., ii 3~;i the shape FsnE:=F'i`Foi"y pf?. } F.:el d."1 sQc.5.ft. s$c?I.e:
<~
> ^ti a k~z.H.3~L .. ~'fC.3S' of an C:Ti"3b`~1.:nG''?: C.`?- ,. C,..thf ;e;' :.~i > ~,'.i< v 3 i.
i:.e,~~~zi #~~ ~F"3E:,~' al3 ~ ` f..i'tiy:~ s~. l ilri`~.'~Ysle.St :`~i~. ~~Bis a t.~~?~'RtSti.:;t::.#:~~;:il , #k, 4,s i-?: Mc c<3i>..:..;' s.},. FRI ;: A, w:ih tht s}?aA:}e 3:3em.)iZ' p;?l' nle!' #ia .a .r?,=t om:;: ~tatc:
: >.\:`, i .+, a is a S.f4.w:; ri.i, v.rot.=\ seotio.nal vi4 rv oS. Cv~i e.i#.bodii..w.nroa a c 3th4'Soi.
t:
. ~ , and 'ui~iLo ;
i't# al.~..ui:., k... ~< ~~ ~,y3~:= ei,7C?i',i: ~ yi?ii%I1~9,.i in a 3'#e:~t stz~~i.',, ~'. ;, e 4 ~ ~ _~s i = ~
#s~
a +~.,i}5 i.:~Ik.
w. , .
i #...w of ha:= cw.lieEcr of FK. aiO:''4,. '4v:di the shape l1.t:,#nia.a~"pl`i~-,neE d.`? . ~Gs.oi,.i:i a$iit+;,:.
. a\. `x. i M I I B, :i1.L 11, C are z:;'os4-St'C.Ã1o#"Ea? 4 sc' l ti s a?
.L, nZ.:i:. sl+"1tL-mdr~ri'.l%'k, iTi a body fe.~isep..
12 is a f ~s.~4 t:i ~ I7$~?t7(~1i3~viit f3z i `.~7cF:~?l?~~ fs:3i if'i~`s, iEn shape ~~ ' iS.~;3<.=.i .:~ ]:';.~'.; . ~:~'.i;~~'~L i:Twx~'zC3#'i' ~ ~~t.',i'ii~~.
DET.,A]l, ED DESCR.t.VIAON
.
::3 = ,~E#ty.. ; .:"_ikkd . : `;:i# li3TG~ ti'it2:~~ :1.ci.vo one or :Ilf}?"e poI.#E1::l:i a,#zz4.iddn:.',a shape ni.. y1?.r> 4 i.d:i:Wi?ci.at >'l .inw t"T: be selectively iEa:;ii?t1i.:ed to cl>s..I.i7:L E:}:ie or 1:_:sf,='?¾', ``.+.t.f..t.... . i. c.n~.>..s..~~.. V . . . M~.iLi.~,F:~2 , ,. .~ r .
~f;
20 W,.'=:;' K:. to t . G^. I A :3f d 113. a +hilIli' 111i'..T]OE>' P.01~'#
Tt4:.'i' (YVIF ) is.tt..#fe:
,`~ ti~#:' o; a s,. LZ ~= ) .#:I.'.~?.f..=ti :~',.E1bi3#' i:I7it.i 9 and a ~:;~3i7.i~.~.:~::~.#.~=e ~~it re, or iouiz3i,,,,, (as .
# ?:, t;: :Z.? 'Rs, a`v'd to an om::'i1`rE f3r5; portion 3 of fl.i. Ãu::) ila."r" .~',?1C':i#bci.
rt 7 ys ~?L f ' ...:i...~it>s=y;L? .~., is Il~A~~~4fs of) s~'.. S:~:S`C~.~`}', #;~L.'i'd~~S~~''.~?~?i~#.:~'i~ f `v { r ~`~`d w.i ?v:? f o t}i..i is ,.;apAtA=.., L3f tians.tioN#.d fra:#i a first shapL :o a se+. oai.: ;
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?f ~ z ~#:ii -. t .<?~a T shape ~3~.:C,:#. ~' ~ ~ -; ~k#~`c3: e A~ }
.t~"4a'ia?t.':r<7 ,_ ~.~. i,i~:~.a ~.y;,'='tii#t0= s C .l~, a Si _ir~"1(i~~~ti,. ~:i~...3 as liC' t. .
tli.irki '(,to`k"i#i;l: 6 oii w3iidi LZ?3?if.i#.e.`ve lc3fi '.j. 4 2 iJi#S2 't3 d \ i.o < .3p.';: :<>. llyui- 4 i 6 Z?lii7em+ d by ',? iIE 5 8 to ii1. Lt14# hl`
:,`. .xi c 5 (`::ii.h, <
<_ t? i= .,3`. ..i>.:. _~a.,E`ti~ ~~~.>:: ~ ~ that is capable of delit'wl.in~.; C :C.i:s;y to fl."Ã= ,.L`nE`ai.lc'tiS'e ~ ?: =;~ .# f is LpAN4 of heating L:.C-#.ldt:#.Glavb'. layer 4õ which fin wr':i can heat 3;r*.>
9 ' change shape : : + #il~4'~i~i.i :~-~:#., ~;Fat;:' ..#..:~{
3.t;s .? . l. #., .i~ . . ..F %i? cis.w.`i1 ~,.#. ~:. E
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s L { I .S f IC.3. B~. SC::1,:i}',.~,l.F p{3i¾ion 2 and th`..C.dt p'LJikioi` 6, ..i~~~,~.:.; f?. ~s. . Ad {~C3~3. ~~. second ;~i~ci~.3<.(:~' ct..#c:#?'~ le.#yi=i''-~õ ~~~3 not yUi31~.:.i~#:.~.l#~ ~~'~l:tw;~' in t>;..r~. 3:#i, :.ab,.>..l` ..3..nr=t. ,. :se3''i'.~(iC:d pCZi'ti.d:iti (45I' pi?l: .o#is ..s dc;ic,ibiA hdt`vv) 7" c>p ,~'\.L.ti'Li1vl''"ly, and one E?x'?F.caf:'. por;.1ow ~ilc.E CiCrvs n?:?x La?e-{r.";"?.'+"
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131' ri?P.Itm~g z (7:i]i>t..t a#S%;' :clyi:' 4 to predetermined pL>.'i#.t3a?J' ' af.:;z:3'Llti \ti ~: E:I cj :i7:# Lm, be t.s~~cl.wd to ,lt;hle4 ' a 3'r.3:rYay of purposes.
As t.:e:*c?`, bt.=ts below, 54r#..\3j;la <.Sa Such s.C.r Z e ? , can b?->'. applied to ni:.Li.lcrll de't=~.L.C'.s tC'> 6.Ia.t<`'!:i'...t, flnC`>
t i~:i?i"......#.\= . t?, ~,..t i~3a=~ %4~ ~, For exi33aplt`., the shape 1.?:eI`:'.iC32',Y` pf3l? ii.e# :~.. a~F:3s4S i'.:a,#?
t..:~i:?r~~ ati:t~'1ett'#ti 3IE ~IC=i.#i: 3G~Le~r:# >s??F... .i:S;' siLi~ #.i <?:
~.,::`f1#.d,t4,h a Z s.., ss\:l anatomy, aI1d. in fi3tÃ.'is fC?I fi~~,.ti 3Ii;.`; fluids .?#F, bi3di, . ..i`?: ,A,, 213, and 2C shom' a balloon catheter 50 ?.1>S.:lEa.tiinN .lot vt?: which serves os , `='i:s.E;~~ia'~.~.:ifsI?~. :C`, `v.~:.t.i?t ..'~lZ` ~:~!2;3C
ti:~I?~;.~ : of ri1't_ t,=1 .s '~, :. s ~C ` the . 4Ãe'r.
B ; s.,... ?i; #.,w>I:?d.., .' ::.,., t1.',i iTieli,bt;;r :?0, an . ?.: . ?
i:1`:1hc. `?2 at .k,'asi 'sa. ; ;. . . ` .t..? a the is..... 7iwntt3`, and i:iFl t<xpa.EdaAESlE.
b:.klif? `Y. f's ` Wt> I=v, 62, As sk3.lfwn. sleeve { is tit 't.L1I'E:d Im S.3\3tc:; il>e.II?t?'t'.>' 60 # (a `? i`; n~i' b:):,d=, g tm' adhesive bi:EÃ1d111g, ~ proximally of baflÃxC:t31 63 and b.`~h-v:'=<:#:l ~
#::i`:ta.#t k`~: f?`t~a :?. Sleeve I can #Il certain : mboszirt?.eni` t4 e :1 ~Ã.z#. C?~L. ..?i. #~= ~i :~Y e :>~FL =:) .ttomF i3ln 1.i1ti.F'fif:?'"eF..t e -fit within S`+#.#tei nn5:1'a#b.:x 60 .F.#`,d. not to the !:)'#.acz member 60. Conductive lt#yr:: 4 of slot.4c: 11 Al.;..?A
\ t ~ i:?~... \;^ia#af.a3 #IL ~~:~3I? vti .th (:Isi:t"`'.,.y source 5 (nt3t by wires (m): shL3w1:).
:'f; e:lLet`l k?-."i)a{~,?,,,;-ly betti?E'cL31 il4" o1.etd'.r ai1i:t .Fn-nc.#` m:?I2Eh>..s 605 62 t3i3"iL'i?x.
na. or i:3of: of LhS; t`.13:ted' and #I).neI' members 60, 62.
~}.'t~', t: I is 4<.1p.,bi..= ('rf Che, 1gilxg fTt,?I3:1 <2 ii9 cl :ieC.t?nd s.hwpe to chi:lagQ
.. faCe3jiY. r~..~f',FI. ~wal'~ M ~. .<'} -:;, S r+- #ri t \i . ~!'~i.. ? ~\3 .. i~t`..~
~?fCi.ta the A,2, L kc #: t? k ~ tt.2 ?~R ;:~.~. at]t.,~~2(.~,. .'g ~_1. ~~'i w...t...r.\Ld:>h#.pe a.i <..M.i,E?o: su.*.iE:`\'. % of sleeve I abuts an xnai.f:.".3s.?.T. 1#aafwx 61 of t}tft-a' 25 ",. (t \ \jt?t:~` #~l3{ `{` 1f-x 4~4.)~i(LL~~t inner t]} F.~[SN{Nh~~i?e)' 62. ~.J1#'T.t.r \}< a ~5a!
'i..#.a.:# ( 1~~~#,4i~.~i the t.~\:S 2. 4..nl.}.ci t.,w,..<,~. ~..} `s ,: +.,1..#, 62 ;.i`e ua.t:.. t\t ' z ;l~#t#l:t catheter '`:? is Y
. ;~ 3?r ~ r.. ~~.1~ Z~<~ 3~:~~~.Ãi't,ty l:i' :.bxi: st. that ii a xt; i;~;. {r_ ~ a a t t`.x=~r~'tSw#F; : f? * t a :~'i L::" 4 Z.cz,t, ... . . ~#~-i?)il;~ }~?~.a.:}. ,wi,.;~~##~1~ ~:(? ~ ~~..3. ._~...
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.:;..'? .t.L.:~ :apZ' n t,,;so2 y '~t5 ':a~? it~ first ~74:#Tt:i?:il 3 ~:~I:aFig~.`~ ti,? :i w.,\,~:3?'.~~F;
. ~. .. ..
# ._L`en+....i`in: d shape 111 which the pi'1lL'.i71oT reduces :l &st3`.F1cte?` 3a.iF.C.#, a3'? #õ3i.,`'ii:?Ã' W hE,., :tt\:~ ?. of ~ I4c: ;3l? . Ef:'1 3 ~a::~"#] , contacts an t=x~.c.E',E)3' s:#3.'f3E.o 63 <.?. #:i:aLt~ :r<a1.3t Wi :? 2.
.is, a :' `4t.... 4,LC.`<: vL3?.1il,es or locks the mltf r ?`ner1'sbE;=#.' 60 to the li.'frw:` nn4.21bt.,. 62 t't:ki;
?'s,tS.i::-:,~ #.:~i~:.i.ls.Ei~. +. i ;~3C:: t il~~.: a~1~~';I2~~S~.4 l"+.~':3~] ~ .;oz :.'s~: L??ii.i~~ ::3.i;';;T~~34`.: ,C?..~+iÃ:~= i~{a;~.'#' #`S 60 L? t :~il?' ~Ã"'.i.3~i?icf`stil;?:>1~1 and 6 #?.<s.t> ` .,.. a.,.f .<i..#.L.+:,s .."\ pE.iShzi "Ohy of tL F:F.?:lh, s3X..
C.ikhe.e?` '4i..:`h, ?s SF1J#s,._ ocs.rt'F': sI\.. w ..#. the Zcd..3'3S`#F cai.E::S;ts-:1s pushed thF'(}u_h a nm[`I'i?`i'Y c.'t4>izntP s.a..E;`v~'~' m; :C: r,d:ti a1f b:x.:, i~:'F`: Lmi2:'LCF' 50 ti? be to CTft.;:1L=o i.hL=
cCCItF-p,LF g or lf?ck.i#:3,? }'5etv5''S."W:.:~ outer ...;<1 .I`.Est:= FF.L#....b4.s `t.`. i..'.., ~~,. .Fiilc~:"`t3.s i{23 tubular i?1Z"
?~If~I'`~ sza3t~.~3a F#i#F#<#' F~.L'#la})eF i?2 sC.lt.iatt., i i.a:t ;F.Z.ecStiL j~,'art t : l~t"f~;~.Tl~'+l.o. w'' 9 the <' i :Ã`,e:t,t.i, ~t.)t~Lxi.C:l~ ~~~~: ~F..~3~F~~' ,...~~ ,Fa;~#' t~.~:,.'.;Fe.
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of gl1 ffi4ttt;Iz mu.4F;c3ls ini:=lL?de low du3\Ameti:=t' ny:'i;i3 ., taÃ'i:fh<i.F?c`. and Yt . ....t f: t . ..~." 7 ~~_.~~.~..i ~ 9 m3#
~,\.. block .?,:ti..~~ i ~?~?l~=1I7(r',:s}. The ~1e~3..l:3; .#C:>~}?ÃY >
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.`... ` ` # ~34'' , t E 3b!'4 yr i~, of ttI" ! `:~' high ~{y~ ]rett 4.(1b'F.~~i{.J l j-~5yliJn [L `.~~L~. {}~.l~A ~?i. ~ t:YL IF.1 ty t \) ) :L.A1..1..=4. ., 4'4t.. ~.'\..S..~L K- a~~.i4~.'i.afiii :. a.cz.c???s i3#, x. C 4">? l L~? a:?:i i~xit< or I71C)'# L i'~?#.li Ea i i Fl z,Et ?-4 of the ~F bF..:F F 3e,:ib i i' f1`
r "Fd;`:?' ` ~.:` Y
Fa ~:3'~3'iL:F~i}i','r 62, ? b?~..1.F Z;ii~l~t?C3iia \} iJ ~?\ SN'~~5#IFG~~#F. . ta.Si.~zgtF#?i~
ti?.#.i'; cz\;}F"li:F. F?t' t x lt'::'#' <.F}`F..Foi;. W i 3~rF~ ~# t 3.L' po.i'ion so thal more th%dF.i i?.} ,3s."3aAF<?i> caF# sw1L:'d chi.tnae ss i?`.,, i ;??,' exa.F?:?:?lz.:. i-~Ii_3S. 3A i?il:d. ?.B-:>hC?w ,SF
slUC.v+. :'L? in a bitl_3at?3~; catheter : ? S,i. 70 hFcladGs an SMP Wbulw rTwn.t?e.;. , .:,Fv# ag .
.t=`
>ct,.~ \i~ 4. ~S~ ~"~ \ ~t~~ d i~ ~ ~3t.:f T`11 ~.t37 5?
. v ;.?(?:`:#+'3?3 i ~.. ~ .}~.~~ ; =. i\ \ ~: .1~. :3 74. ,:-~ sP~t .i~ a t~FIF3.1 ~s~
.F i..#`:t.>. to SZ3..Q ..:S.:m:#cE' 60. :"`3lF,=Lv"e. 70 ftFfth4r S.izi:lud`L.':''3 a Lond:dLlavc sa'.Z,.? v5 ,,iaLe 79 of first . `.-.J ;:h rd pC?Fls 72, 76. Ei3 a first, Ãaa`.l.?Z.ke :?Z?hiuS3T .s:i 78 of s:et.-y\.d lti abuts :1F1 intS.`.:Fik?r sufl,.F\'. (il of f?i:aL"?".F7.w#?.i7Cz160, and the do1.-" .FS.fit c~I.Ata'2.}. .`'.nneF i.nVmi94.i. 62. U."pon, 4a=i:fi vati;.15EvFa Z_oa4JLwfi ve iar c~F' /l~.? '\ A<F ?:El:4 sxeF:~; : '<I:3C
'f, :ai sFiiiF?i. F,..~ ? :;\..=i t'f ~.?"1: :?r1?[a ~i:~A1,rL~i x?C)>~.t aI'Fs 72, ..__ . `
, .. .. . .
? et....i:i..` ..? \o _' ~ ' ¾ ,.I'E.:l .~'1~~. :C'r.~a,:~1:' S. t<3.'J'=i i5 contacts \.`..I':ii~r s~'aI:f:3\.i; '_~ x?f.Y?I.`av"
F.....t;`=a t.;'.:)i 2 hw.c~:`.4 ..?ck:F3 F outer and inner F??6.mi]eF"s 60, 62 and e1.raal'.F\ ii?cs U~w F Fgpi#i f %? ~ x#.;:t3<?~, ~ =:~. ~~ ~i >: ~ :.
TS :';i1\. 70 # ui' a conductive laY'"ea that i'x.`te-nd; .,.ifnnp~~z4E.ely i1rc?1sF"#.:'A
~? t ,.~... t,~')\. ~4~ f}~12~L~t~~.-\, the <:.a.azC't ~1C., layer i.c34'3-3:i:t the p.F: +E:=: C.i t .>~i. _. t ` xr ` .. ~ 1..~~ r ei f:'.F~`i.. `}~
ii~4:~: fi e?..'l`~.~Fa; the :~L'#`~.@~~.t:~4~` of t~'.f. `~fC.'C"'S, ~'~.fS. `~-f~.
,;f3\~ -#~:4 se'?C:iS' a `~L.y 15 .. "I.,\~: s ax~., :'.: ~'~.~z li3~ eÃSS\ ".e#Ct$~' ft~; 10 7 f. c. ilC
..F.tt..t:c,F .~.Fi.'.,?~.i ^.= i ~3#.\.. ; ~t ,. ;F.' :.t3l#" L~+: F '~:' t,. ,F~:is..,..
'.~. tubular mC`.F:#~"3~~1`a'.F'. CoÃ3&ifcfiS.i: >:ir>L# S i are spaced .'~:i ;
.emb\. c~ 8 ~. ,.nC:i.Fd?'~~
,?~..~t , along the t}u~I,a:?~t~.~'~" ft:f ..i\:.L~''~. :~{.. t~">:Ylc3Y I?_ s\ i,Fzt: portions 87 ?.S~fwil<iF1.u; 3Y?F143tf1Illctll?y ii-lilt do not hiF Y
S conductive ?.x2F.tG3 #.c3i S~' ~-i à .t,. i :3 tI t.\.I~,w ; s i.:i': `i~.t;lÃ-#~i;ci to the i~iTla".'.F ..'1.'iaitl?swz 6~.r'. ~. ~;" fi.:~E. L's#~.i?~<'.i~
\.' i .3Qi.~v. 3> .sE;3a:Lt_fa i:i? <1.il.d in t.C?fiEaLt `Jsr1:Ã:b d:ie ;iua+.'z mi.'.mbc.." 62 (, sC> 4A).
W IS.:n, t ? #?~ is pTs~vidfi..(. Ã+_: :=oi]duCt1ve lay!vl`s 88, Ã.l:,.c S:3a-p:: .i'f143'ilft r' tlt fi:';FÃ:
tit5 i1 k <it and ~ tos1 v-" a~1" s ~. Ãu1~: .. . s3iitx ~. ,.,v,..,. {. . ..4 ~~:~'c 4~ ta:3~: > ~`i1F~f~s to ~:'i)Il~.sl~:~. the i.I~.2 1e~ >r~ 61 i ..,w?r,:xt ` {:; ; `;K.:. 413~ locFi.C~lnf.h the oui.eF" :F?d. inner iF%L,mbels :' f?no ^y t a t~F.i~ .zi~:F~
~amt?.3:e. iõa:ia.,:s:-ks 95, 96 li4i f~l'.4:#i3 to pass .Z3$?oti.i~ >.:: <f .
~' t4M<?i#~~ .. ~
9:3 1.:'3zsv.ui3 the .f:;i aÃid ?.7.:#:' :I1c#'?iber:> E30. 62.
cc;3i 4hc1n4fs:; Ão t?M, r sh<I:~.?en F?. <:xaÃ?lp#o, FIGS. 3A <.vl~
5B st ,<.cve 185 '.aa:* 1`3g E;'st g3okoÃ;.s 186 cMt,nt3w` c ... =t`zf<. L. ~:Ã7Ã; :
~"i' ii ~~i and a ~.::i3.:lFF~~i ~' lexF'SI' 188 on the ii%'yt ~3W3~"E1t7'a;,^..
ÃC, >, ;iaf: :EPoly#;''ofF`s13 v3 smy Sod,:tdCi'Il%.i~ sh'<Pi.. 4:`e4 mioL'vm a ;ii;EFa.S: a:i.:Fa.9eci .,.FO:?S `\.kw.? r 2,`om, <aL.fivc3 ii,n, w iS.9i the corners PJ`-~ co.i?tx:S:
tingihl.` ..)t4,r3?.r sa.i2 #4?a.4 61 e y_ Other .?3a~~f~.?MZ~?~~ \t't.S.'F., x f 85 [).ai'}nAjFii) w`i~i+.Zi..[4~:
t''?,. , t;..i.:~:=~>.:i.'.
}.w. .'>, i,.i#. :.n contact .v,.Uh ?,ili?Lr oati1e1e1"62. As c3 :~~~v'~Lie-185 is a.t3,Z..b..e of .+,wi{::t`t the i;,3.e3'aÃ.d .mn:-` i-i35n-2bv e'S 60, 62 ti1gofi'.i`s.?F' while leaving che.F.l"lt,L..4 195 fi3;' ?,; O9F`.d to pass l. n{c :ÃatF,11.,::;r Ãi7i'ouSfh ImnCn 1 98 bdwt,',mi Q
t?s2xi;:r and in.is:~-a mei2.;3e1's f:0, i'`~
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: .>i~'L=.. 'w'I#~~v.i~?i#'...`~, tlits ?.21F7L'..i' #TaS,;.II~~~F?t..#' .t:t~i.L E?.F''rs..~;:~' outer f`.~~..Ã~'ii~.A `Ã3.z:;.#~~'vs ~:i sec"R.?t, iYC~ `t;: :i 1[?L ..3i4i1>i t' pf:>lyi71er and a c4..1..ducUv:, f;wd?c?dF:g that ~.?<'.nF:.>Ã'k loc' a.I s E'~ .,:e, ,.. s ")`.iti.., to val:h C'1ti3t:-#" wI. htbz..Ã' fl.5:' need Ã61 a s`paaatt:- 4xi.QZ'E;~;
> .{, iS. ?, ~ and 5z-_ '-..2',>.... .v- a +:ii'.~'F:A~ sy4ÃC:~Fi 1~rl~ :l~t~
~#..G=~i ,.o-...#~~r=:`4 a.,lt;ia':C`.
102 and :mn.,i= m`aLii?.ber 100 Inner FT1L.Inbr.e 104 has a locking S
LE#[."s;.. 106 ~e~li .i:
"nS.mE?:y po. )':nm% L3_?4kiFig selat'#ff.a 106 has a .ta3 s. portion 1 i 0', a tiGc;3x::d 4t# '`..# 11 2 ,i#.Ea a ....# .: pE'>, :.i+?n 114. Sec'ond portion , 12 h1.~. a ct3i1dt::Ã,:Ã'`t'e .~ ~
ye_. 21? i.hci..c?i.:. '+V. ..?o. ;f.t;Ã..` t=awd #i:inf::F' g.'ei:1bs.=F 104 .,1.:1Ãb:.s s{::t#.fea}-d tu.?ii :ir Y >,vi 3.e t 7;-: i.ap9~: ~t..z. di<`u:'s f`s::Ã zSS,A. <:~.t ~?.r;';' f~bk..i 1~~.:l >.
?+=v ~l .i.. ~=~i.a~_$ is t ~:~rt?. ~liaÃ.t. ?A> le ,.v>nti:}.[ .. i i . .= yE'.: 121 the '`hw ?e mC:1t'E()F"G' polymer of the second pa.?` : s.: ; 12 is ~ .. ;;..v.,., .3.'} v ;i~3t:i.~ : t..:~.,'';~:t ~l.il. inner ':LiÃ'.~t.ld`~i?
14;~ of E~`IS. .?E.[i4'F .,~t..3?>i."~+..F :i.3'~f, t.wF.F-:C?i ~t S i3: the inner and t.?llÃ.ei' mei7:il]C:"1'i 1Ã32, 104 Ã:() each of.1ei in a i?.>Ã' fla;"
` .` .,?F i +,.t:4i:S`.i.,3e:f above. Altem<3titi'ClZ' f3ra'a'w,Ã'iE:fflcMy, dh>=_, f?.#.Ã,t:3 .F.`"E.>ili;?C.F 102 an :~...:, ~~.'F~~Z::t~?I. .j':1li a i:%~r}i`.r.i~.i.it..Ã.;:F''`v ~i~'t:~` Ã
?~i~. is i,.i3~~<~~?,.f: of ~zio1$I:g tmR=~:#xi{lc to . F Et: 3t `iiF >.-. nua:#b:I~ 104.
i;;...3 o.>xr e.ilibZ?ti:i...\IU:} can bU l'4}T71.iS-Vd. F._?ia l;p.5..
'c#:ki. k3INIP 4h.t,~,`e e.xnxd:ivti' 3 wi}?~3r~ .f~( :~:'~, }.~.?f1> l~'.~`,._.. ~,.=:~~.t?#..te#.1.:=G the ii3"ae~. tiF::F 3c#4:=~`.'. le. ¾".: outer i~:IS.'?~l.~E:i` 3~`~'a~
t. ..
\
:F :'iIt ~. ,k;:(a uhs~ other of Ii 3'?.'i:.h- can contact tt3`!.. Z3utt:r salT`..cC. of an :nnoi :T1i>=a1-.bs ;
b,.S.:l;. s-a :.t.ltt..l#"; aIl SNiP 4li.L,'4''Ã3 Ã?i E . include portions & fiYL sz:?S.; w,vi;n. e3x;ht, 3iIIlf{, ii tG`lio"r:norE. peff'tdt3f t? :n whib t7 ti t +a# ' ~ s..ifl?; szc L'3: i ~:~~ ` ~ ; ~ ~' :r ~;t ~...a Um ' i tS I i v..=a,~Ã?~3ti$t'a'4= I ~':'..F' applied .~i' ..z:[.fi >.it:=~`t `t~.., t, .::12 ,iA , . .
`'.'<'3\., nl ::a3,b+.'.7' is contacted at aIlua11bk~C.'r of pfxII1ts to InE:=1'4c3s.t+.' ti..6: nadI:ll # ,Cif~Ã and .. ._3.iAt"3taiTP the Ã%at:Faf =tt:r m a non G-ofls:psÃ.k7 wn&
ts: afi.?.~-i t`r < .#n' .1.~:::t'r i .>:;; ~` .L:= # ,::il. :?r<:54i.irf:'.
le :'i cspk ?:# a,iCZa}y l >YlynnGr sleeves c:a)i have a a:~i#152+.. \)f ...+, w :p .~ ~ `:`~ ~ ut.i. :
.:?.,t~:~~ ,~..> }. `'~.~` .,ii,?Ãz (01, a El.'a ShapC:) caIa, c,g h21vs.. a l#::n4f 2 ..., firt:>.17;
;:} about .. 3 > . to s t 3~` `E!. 75 #:z".., , an i?(.EE:~i' Lfiai3i`~EG'.E' OD ` ~#'> %Eft. ~ ; .? ~'"" <#.t:.. ~.`t 20 `?.. i3 ~.= # f: ~'<3 Sf. #i~ ?a- ~. ~ 3F1:;'.. Z
li?t. i:#.t,z, c. .:=4' ., taai~~iaa.,~;:i? z ;' : of ii=J~'11 i~.~'3Crtit ~i.z`.E)~~=>~ 1A7?#, .c? c.3f~<.'3~1~ ~,.f~ ;'F?I71. ~~ 3ti1:'~1 4 f ~ } the A.: ~ ~ ~;i~ \~~. the 4~4~~1!L. 's L:~ iy x Z ~ft.~i~~'2~,~i (fti the a shape i~T~1.J.~~. =v ~ ! ~L ~~t'_ ; ~~ ~ '..^.a s_.f.=v~ in ` s f .a ;.~..a:.'vr. ,~i3::. 3 z=~~:~iLa ~.= ca~
i2,, . C's\i ~ 1~3-~2 f,f.'SC7i.
L !) t 3 rk , }, a s. l : t;+'~t% ~s~1..lE~fPt ii~i~., f ~.,=.' F.i~v E_ c~~3.lZ~.fryr Ã;~,i z ~ ~ ~ L
a2?tZt,e . b i ?t s 3 x C?~~ . <#~3~~ .x d~la[:~.1'1~:.~'.i W2 .tC?f.'3 t;~3.?t#ti `...~' x W
11, i131~'~f:ni~+i#Tle#1tti,, afte; ,.w1hi.# `\.'.:tp<nsit+n.
a sZõ: . ~.3. ~~., 2~.,~, .,.~ ~` ;.. '##';Ã:: ~ L.x _ ~~: ;-~~.3l~i~:~.1~ 3T
sleeve in a ,`~:E~\ fl.~.. i' r~ i Z:t~?a.i~E.{~..: a t 2 ,"\3E...,`'#t.t'~
1.l: (f.=#::,?. w e e~..e:.t~#rt . i~s:
d3drd s3 1 'wi `tx c, a..aYO''e i[n outer (hi;1nct'4'`=#` OD3 ft'+,?nl about I.2.+,0DZ to abi?uk 3x"
# ~~ ! ~~2 ~ e ~, f~ a i`,~. i ~ l iL ~ kV, 0.5 ~ x W2 rr` \ i.t :~i}Lf~ :,::
:..IL, E ~a= ~t,3~t,~} :ti< ~ ~~i f~~~i3 ~`x~.Ã.l~Ik ~~~~:::;
:''2re-ring sjL'c3='i'.S
=~r ~~ z ~Y T : : < ti-nc? ~'+~u m`tSp 3y =t14~r+} ~.ka ~'~>:CF 1=y S
\.f.2~i..s-.C._. v; ~.L:i S 6.c }~=~ 'bl ~~y .3 'a4==~i~1 :2(.~ ~ i~. ~." t~.1.l1`:' ..ik~4'~t.a~.. .2~.~.~C..f...~.. : ":\.=S..:tl. F ~= Jf.
3 2d..5v\} ~^> ' ~f{ ~~=,2I:
i [~: (`
o=, z".U\ <',;..? .^\.. .td r?a3't,s x3s. the shape iliemtyry P.'}'~~.)i~ Z.-.
i..2 .,\< .\=' ;:...i;. . , ,.(.S, .. :eEnd 713 sh(1F~, a S+tz's:.tabi4 .;ad#L tvr .Y f`?ci d4F:'\. ;-f n ~. r a ,.4.. i:?i'rti1:i 204. A shape n?t.n,fbF`y p(f2Z'mG`_ :s.:i..f`s e 20'S
, ;ou#.`d.. :.:i'. d,ao-..tptzdVn. 04f3f.TnonbL:-rNO2.
25 m. it:Z \ (\.. g, \ i> at.0 ) eL '+1.3:,.a+.., ii 212 f5f,4hi:1p'F.:
MemÃi'~~'si' Pi)lyYne, s:'L'.ove 2`.)8 .t~-la, .Ãia10 i ÃstI~ T~~i..'= S~.~3~.`:C:=~~~~Lti~eFÃ``Y ,~ 33~`.t,`.;g' ~aÃ`~ h~.: ~t~~; ~.. a sI.evs:: ` FS extends around only a pozfioa: o, s-hape m=i>:.y .. . . . . ~ 5 ~'C.'.. n~,_:. a, :<3 7f j.~.i3iz... .v`,#''.~'~'. ~,.5:,ii~#.IQ.1~`~' +i~~ `i~i 2 .~~~Ã is to +lia ~'~ ' ~ ~:
=.~~.\...;` ..\.; y..l.t' to a 1."nlwil YsaLi'?.t. F'J T=
~V't.~i 4J24.1h #s a7Cf~v}f..}1od to t114' [.\A?\.YwA3ve3i? tk\\.. i;?.
reg}i'ien>?a, .ha..i: overlaid 1?sl conductive layer 210 f>5..tt.,~-ated'aiFd Q.'h _ s iv. =rl1c ai.tt's=''itbÃ?-n is of ;iulis..ÃC=::1: tw''.:'. t< steer thi:=
C.ltifr:1?. of the n#\..mber 202 a3-t a direction oj'~Po:`ite :.Flw'.f 3 t, iC:'. ..a ``':nent sS E.,u;:T T\, t,L.i v.itt.i;, as .fl'i:3sticlted $1F FIG, ;'(:, In +.:c1t.:..Tt :z7ibC?dnai.Ã1t G iffic `~~,~rlkaE.I`:~ t`='s~Ã'z ,#.s~ :. .. s,.*=:p~ .>. its i.,4;F-iel? y ..r a.t~ would rd.ndt in E.3'#:diE.=LAt=4LF being s k,:f':#-~.f., in Rf# M.\ ~FZ ,:?,:> 3,.i4 '~4 aen"~
! 4;.\
?_; d~ati:Y C'# at~E>Ã:ii#a.\F:t ?, ffid' i:CSI'#_dl.id,>tI-4C. layer 210 G.?:tt:a'ti?5 n`+." F3^:i`Fc dii?a^: c3.i:)oF:.#
90 t ,?rs u#.eE ..Fii:A31....:3:.eLr (e , 4F?e c:_FrZ.:urnf,4.ri=nce, when the sfi'-b1ee 208 ? .'iFn `::E#.e :. .bI#:, of . :Fy,.F,#..,F?cw E':El"3: ) , ftbe shape tu`4'FmC?ry Pt?lST.atei' slZ.c';'.; ' X (Ã: . E;Ãt Ilaf}F-S;
than z:._ o,F. ni mC?ro ,,:....,. about 700 no .J~(1rL= than .a:?o:.#i no F.,3.'.F'd;; fl-#.i?a3 t.bm 501tt, d13' :7it i:#,'w4_'. e.3iiSiF~ 405u i1I'ou13cE :.hi: pd,.`# in-1.cF.C:F" of d,~.~.. s.a:zap\ .iwiF:f3F"y (ii\)(dfAd the ped:1lVWioi 1hi.~.7h,sipt.
,n,.r?o s ;`t?.:y, ;e, k.G. <'6 . (L g, ?"s i}'za'n about 40xi. sic) less ti~..:.n.A..t?ot . '54rz%,?'1#:F less 30 ,,ac,.1 ~i ~ ~ ~ ^ ;iF \...,t M),s, u) less ~ .. :3.T. L~ ~ 2 ~t ' "'SY
about 8011 ~
.#:A`Fi~A~~.~~~:=
:~.~. ryi..t~`x' c. or no ~~:5~ ; i.~~w t a'. a_.. ?f, 4~ 4.:-ii2~.L.~ ~ r~' ~F ,{ ;t t i t~t?ttS.~x .C,. ..:~ \. Z ~ . :~~~.~~F f? \ ~yF~~Er~s 4# ~ia~`v~G~~. Etl ~?iF~.:?C~#,~..~iL;d~...~x~'~a :\ o Y \ i ~~i 0 , C::~?: ~., about 'tz )r'. around ~iFS.' \ .G~: ~\
s': ,, i., . . ~ ~Z'3~FS.<i:?~#. {~ ~3C..~F"f:~? of w tihapi'.
.nL.n.i_ #= ~3fi:~~y.#.\.)t' i~,.;..~\.^~~4.. . ., ~'x0\. t~ ~~~ t ~r iiu 4 `
~} i+i~{ ~~'~tC sa?\~.~..\: ~'~. stit~ i the \ .. ^i 4'J. #2y-t Ft.T t F.~ LF~'46~~V ' ,V S~L~ '2~`F. \.}.~,y k4'v~~'t~ ~.W
he sh \ipo n\.,., ..cit l i ~`.[.,,~i?.: :L: --~ir ~~ x :9 ~_ C: ? xi i ~7'~:.zSC.= i:;i? ~''~YEa:tI'a~F Y `~ .?
r~
tix..\. ~:'C`{.~ :.i31~>~t~, or i?E~Fi<i<~t, F
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~A~rld.rs can ,}~~-=.E~\~#twiSlEZ+~.~n For ;.:xi\t1~,, FS~~.Y+~.
. F,,:)4'S ~.:i.iY fC..` ivL~~t ~'~SC? y)y. CF=F?~.i..).
? Y ~t' }Y t .x ~ ~ 4 z "~ f ~ . Y t ~=- i ~~',? ~ t i \ , a s.~.i::;l ~. e.iilY. .} ~..,.>'` i~ s.:t,,: :? \. t.:.<:~#d.~C.F` ,.:.y #.i"~~;.~IiLiinr.,.i a31::~1~it : ~.tZ'' Ã
?od##'}. .j...)". . A .`gFa't'3p. ,..+.. `tr`Ory P{yiy"Fnor sfi.cv'v' 230 ,.urroEA'a:'Cis the distal pZ?f:l:;.'.n 229 of the .,%I, ..,>.tx'.k 22., , Shape ;;.4i?w3"y pi7l\.-a11eT" sleeve 2.'..() is i;o.? 3. ;3;3 t..$. ?lf.>: \ .1 l;ka,.' a w`
2,0 i? ;? ? LiFi{i:iii. ' A l:.yt;.i`..,~4{.F ~3~'4Il<~R'4 kL ~ , Gi~tl~k~ a :~dw'`:Fi;:..~'I?F 232 oi :h`..'~
230 Y~ ~~ ~ $ 'i . t> t " *~ s' 3c ` the #. yS .t:F' st .L\r;G L. ~,1eL~ # ?~~'i;l ~S A43F`14~~.~i~2>7<3~e ' \-~' ~
:~.aFla~f~~~l ]^
=.Z.:
.:14 shctr'?c `.':i?:,.,?.'?oi :% r1i?ly7F,xS;.Y' wiL.`:vE: 230 i:lilit extends d.=iai.dFF..ferC ?$';.u.lly ,3.it?F.aid t2`.?3.4' a P,. , Of `i.,3e shape xo?\ ,.?i?3'y poly~#1zeF" 4iG4L'>. 230.
NkfheF3 4'noF E> 1= is p:EfVFd61 to thC3 cr.F_:i.u<.t. + \ . yep C ;.anm:a 232 sSF:.E: is i5veda3d by `+v'2KF.S.:^tialve . `s:y4`. 240 is .F.f...i~='. aked i } such '}': .#.s, i<:= <t ,~.s tA. ,.L;..it. ~.,~t 4t.~ `tiL3~~.:\:l3 }~i' st$'ill;..:~i~t SE7i3~.'~G` !~.#~:>~. this ..ti:t +,....?mxFõ,. i.L;=7,3. are to a l~.its,,. ~~ ~i4~ ;~E:~~FY ci~ai?'~i is f3#~S..#f .FL'#L 3: ,x ~, .Y ~[.~
the v,~ ~ckt d=`f..T .r\ ~F>aC.~F~. 2;~~w .,? ;^ >.:# v 229 E. .... ~ .,....1 ~,S.: F 227 a~17 'st Ãx9li'ij~'~ai.I7.
C?~.., t . t c v~L de.
~ ,`.r..F,. .ti..;., i "t Z ~ ? ? ya s .~Fi'-~ ~,r 3 tvh,,t;.h s .......~ .',..~:-.,. as #.?E`;st,.a.tC'ci ia?FIG, e*~iR, ESa.V:i>
~'x ..l#..;-a:<.dl1:i.Etu.t. t}itiad:= (f.'F'tp>`F.1' side of O,.:.~ sht..`G^ Iz?mo> S pi3l~,'TixÃ:T Ocf.Li:. 230 is E23.
..d..itaJ.I"a t4``mKAfi# w-I;z~ ~,~&, i4.1.fl'~' 'a:.3 fl.L.x.`Y.\. to ibrdw.?"t,t #:iug'i; C, 1:3`l.Ii?I cÃ'{.l 'stS4:l.i.
i3nC3 e>fd,'z:,`~i-vel1; Cht,F:e#.'s?I#.oveT:{ii .oF..gb, . kaE":`.; }.;t,.Fv {; flac #Iiomb4:#. 227. IF"I 'x;ertaFn e.i;.'.bttiili3]C`?._s, thi::~
y õ .i t t in i.4.3 wi! ] ip y '^~Y^Z:?~F~..~L~' y}y ` Y (=~
\ 1.=Y S . \ a ~~.t,~~it~.~ ~i1i~~- >~.ijf i~" A ..: Y ..t`~ + : )t?~
L...s ... . :~.s ~L Yx ..~'EF.~{.;`s`a~._~ t.._. : `uwi:.a.,.'S.~i.\.=s. õ~t-, e.s;
F
tt g ~~h IF~:~>
'.# i..:C: d..\),i:i~i#il ~:'..
.~~~i.` shape :1> .,1:\?r 3a3}y:'11.ea sleeve 230 :S}:i ci'rta:
ei};:?<)kl:nicn,,. c,..3 ..o w?;I w..r.,v11, to f.,...l.:tate pv_`"r:l} curvature of $lic, s~~:et:v:...R>4. e?e.i3;7pA br t34}in}ttrt:n4 ..i : ..; ;j.? ,` ...? .#:.c. eL}`.af:.`. i....d :7; decrease in aFtnWt#.1ie#i'.f~ len..;th, i'o:= fi:?<....','yw. tile aa!\Y' o}.i+oS?tl i.lc2iNle 6 :i::'va d #SSv2i+,i v:~ta \~.E~ 7..1~: r~ \.I .:1.t` E~-.F~. ~, f ~Y`~
~,. ,. .. ~ all ~ {.. '}'~ .~:+.. J,C:e: wf s::I::
Acs can `.:;<,vz, senc s ?:?f:~Ãit nc, to aIii:gw ft>i' fltix#C? 7, :n \:4:,.:~.at~. ~'?3l llli:l lifC=~ a ti ~C:}' i I~~ \LraS~ <:ia~:, .~i?\s:.E~:::{.~ t3. or ,ll.y,. i zti:;1. tip of :~.L z?`.ila=.oI, f4i }i .ndlEde a }opfi' m5'11?L3.i y po,4tn'. h,..4 i>rE' a t.{3}:+;t#:3cd E4 i i: ~u i.i.~v '~~~t~ a longitudinally {]CxaTi[Y ,., I {~
>;fL t..'~`iC.>. )Z <.~ > ., ~t, vC. c) ,~t1~,:" i::S.~=}~azi:,~. :; ,: {,~~~~.~ 5.::~.Tt.. .,~~ I:~~~
at v n } #}.~=
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ce~ r~1e....t but },f: t #.a'tf3 +~iTi'.:~~11 i~ d`~:i'}.i>~: of the szi-.`e;'7I?.~s si:r 3~,+.:z'~:.. I
:F.c.?: :n.~#:x{,} \ ~~{5 IT?L~ ~ ?t 4..~:` }t'~#3l ClCi1S'f#.tal, fY:i:}h1i7.g ;+.f t3nw. õffka.ioi' i,'?f tht.
\... ., :i..\ . crice ,~.#ti,~#C... +{F ipo:? c'{1.+.:.vat;.t:1}.i and at3 ..~~L~;t t., ~i5.% . ti?G~ t.`itrtS..r in a l i? ~.i<?.~Y
._~ .. ,... . . . . . ~.~ .~C..~., , op,?t.t:. to that of the portion. For i4.? a:#21ple, FIl3S. 9A i.3,e..i t B
s3:?C?w. a .;Ã...`; .3h .ala{..x 250 ha'1 ti. = a d1s~.<'1l portion 25-4 t.E .nd:d{k:s a yha..ps.'>...omt;ry 15 pu. y..`>;L.. A..o,.v.<::.#i.=.iZi:::}":'#LGvr 260 Zlt'ti:=i,-ia'`rs Qg, coats) a s L.?,i. 2ena 256 i.& .ho.a.fx' ?. i,..o ..., .,34=, y ~v <>_ the ` s..,, ;,~. ~'~I ~" \s 4_, y t ^, isa Ã.~.a,1..rv;;E3. .s .:~st?}`? :, "3~'~ E.~1~t~ ~.:4::t;=~.~, sl:
i t . ^i..; .; [, dIst:;~ po;t}3`. 254;.#'td t:?tC?ids F3.i=31it1d less E4't#.txa tiS.l. .J;.r.;E,.?.# ie,t:.6; of the Wti\ 3., ?;3: iZ.:f. 251 Mt...3 v}>er gy is ~."t`"ov1#..ieL~ to $h'=
(:=C`,uduLb`v+ .,.} : et gmenf :756 s ~~~i the 'a~r=;, 7~ Eõ its i ~.,.t3. ;:.-', ~ ~ ..a.Ai> i i~SS=' ~,?i:'.#taL~2.~.~ i'C. ~t:#~m,.~~ is i~Fv~~ ~ \'[~~+.~f:tizr',i.e E:3ziis2~4''=ti ! ,.(f :,h`;E~.a::a'~Z'.:u}':''w:d 20 st3i?e. . ,.t 250 <i a ducch<?,i opp;'tsi`.k dh,..; ~f1he segment whi4 .3 f.;5 ÃÃct.
t'_Eei:;. as .i;
FIG. 911 33: i ..#"Lai.:? `>.'.E:3b3. ..3..Laat' t'+.`xC' sL:=g#rit1it C:ia:3. have i. ehqp?:: >41 .t:i ?nt {3:1?s'Z i.hzl:
wz?ulf:..i.5ot i>. the x.3.}ho{..i #:C1; `it.!f,'::'4.'d hntL`Ee dir:..ii+.?#:: that thZ'. '^4. t.{i,d.\ F.C:.s.
The Cm.t.,f;..:C'.dv~.. layer in {.o " iiI1. C'.Fnbf>d}:I3'w3'1t,. extends no 1rif` flh.a.i A.Z.,. 90 s 25 ?t fi`='?3,,3#2\. ; , ~3t'.i"}Fs3..t4F w;; ~.L; E.~3:*.~i3l ~~1i31 Ãi(>ii (G=.g. no more ti]:2:[;: ;i;#?1.t 801 -:E .3..orZ-' t..,m=`. ;:b.3u3. `.." c.. .`.1ori thti.3 <%bo:.ii 6M Uv f3?,) more E.Yil.l'}.
about :?0~ ..3, or a,L1 I?'wai. :htti:1 =i f. ~:' t A 4 r`5 2~2\i~~t z lnti.~'=L~. ~3., less ~.~;<~..: ...~3f'.?z ~~r .) .,;iE?:.;. . .... , .?... the i, ~:'.:?.` ,.~.,.f. of : ~#~~ {~?`~`1'"s':i;', ~f a r <) around t> `?i,. #..V,7ew, o{ = ,z;.fi. 4..1:.ii3l portion (~=1..<s. no l{.4s `..~3::~= about i '?'s3õ ,>i~ less ~~1..>,e .
about 501, ..5. .:s4= ,`t...a ;gEi$~;r. I3o k.k;'i i.hiZj3 about 70i's). or I'\? assv.:; ?b<3n ,:x%-~6:Y#Ii.
30 8011 .;3 .`...:.?t> ?.xS, pua#?,.e::w_# \'.f ,.:IS:, a?..4W ",]t`rrditl'1y I1`ri oti?<:I" se;.`-Lo('.d{:.? \ ;',y.., :..~ O+,:}n i ;tt .:?d ...b4Yi.{t 10051 "s$r437nCi #
h` pt3:I-I3C tei C?.i ":[i{, i ist;:il t4 ~~I. .t~;#s 2. i..ar .., ~..s T v +~ ~s a E~ v' ~~ '~ ~C.1` . . . e ` ~s ~,taylt,.. {:'~k:~'a3C31"~~ iR~'iI~f::.i', 3 ~.atL<h`.`. is ~..,,l:~.~;t.~ by <i'>.:?R {Fl,,i.?, iA3~4;
~. , .~ i,tZ:
m.`.,Lii ..._ +;: c. .,.. '.;? ;?i ;..L?a3o3 v pC3lyT.F#.C>i' 1.F t EiiG
distal pi?T`tlà tE` 254. bc :.t., rs,.:, t33ts i Iid, ... . ;;: F"t:.:i to x"haf'?ti:. the direction of the oift3.3ati;:F'.
~t S , t>?'i: ?fld' 01.> .:lt} w ai3.:3ti3t`# s t?:t~C~3k31A~`.F3~ of ~. ~~Ã
~=i41z?~E ~"<1:~.~ :4 : 270 ....i's u t3 p;? il},1 274 t indudes a shape #tit:lno'y ??3l?'1`I3ef Ah:t,t d..i~_ta~'#'.
3.?m e#3.t 276 of the [.~`.?;^:tal p'{),'t.Fo;3 .' = 4 :" :r. t.xtet`i~S
i;..E,Ã..#...,:1 y fd} t1h4 lL11gd: of Me[ fY;3{iion 274 and e;Yi;f?t3zs around than a 3: i>. +,..:'i:#.tlt..a.bF'e.ii.:te of ii#.:"itit.4.f p3i-tft)13 274.
>3S=he3? energy : Z ;:F'^':t t ,t3ed Ti`, IE'::e i4'~ _ `~ the ~#: , ~ ~ 1 <:~ ~ ~r\
Fi:,~:~. . ~.'s- :ifi~{Six?~:i ..,' 6 that 3^. (u t>3C;t ''#i 1`
~.i~#i`.tri#.~1.~e-w.tisv"lc-'C v'a '7 .~ . is iFF_..:vi:#t+:de.:#Iz.; ::3s.
.:,C,;i ,:, _v:s ;.'stL?Ai:d sh:;?i:, `,vhit',h 1~ t,:C}:r3tiY.S~t3f.k, \uE;=Il 1 h"A .'tt V"x i t #b:'i_t y r' if.fw.#F'd.> >t,V?3 276 3..i:1n:t.'n Mite$' i'f31~'' having rC2n<~.iÃC +` :"E lc 3E 3s t.f~d3blt:
S.. ..i:';..tLs #Ã.tilad%v3:~ ~h%13<: Ilit mF~:y pt)l1 !' of <.r.:i .?;; .LI..:#::.t, t>itM. ; of the s+-f23:pt.'. n3.ta3loI'y polymer can =i1,l4.; bt. F.fse . :+'_? iSrF'?A3.
s . . . . ,~ 300 ....3,\:.; \. : :,t, as illiFS~.7't3ti.Ãi'~ '{1'3. ~~' 3~~~ . : 3 L.u:, a ~:af?'~et.. ;.~tt'f ~ i'LStf 3:~~:: a .,t:: ip, ;::iu3o:`r' ;t'i\`glaci ~=.ilÃ:4=i: t:ti?c 310 ba}x?1g a fir~t pttztzoIl 312 ;4'#i~;
t,o..3d:;c6v4.; 3:13t ` .`.:'.G E?#;. an oraL=r surface 313 ViC'I'ef?.~, and a st`+.S:si'ld p:S:fiIo.'. 314 ..?t.hn? a cf`>m.t>4k'a.' a :oi , n ,N ou=:k`.'=F` m#1'R?l:f.31`_?: .kt least the .F `at p+.?doFA3>2 iZ::
~t ~~ ~ ~`;,. r ;~. ~ o- . ' M -{ '~ ~.3.~ ~Gt_.. ,~~t, l =t : 2' i:~F~:e ' r~tF. c ..:Ã. :~s3z : iL ~ ~ '~ ...~ie`=f F.~E:#~; '. `~ ~~S a i L.S3I3~1~:;S3a ~~3tY~
.~. :: '~ ,.~. st For L.'ce.FtI`_p..., li. h#"Sf p.s; i:Ã?: # 312 [sL the shtEp#.: ia:e=.~...
t `.; ~
pt\='Apiw. .<J.?.'\-'r wb'#..= .` 10 Z,an .le Ib#in4'd i)tLo a iTcx'E..in7, f31osIb: C%. other oon:[N 'iaS..o2.t.
i c.o- . aphas th';' t?. ,.;t'.+mt1 tgit3'E?I-#ghwh3C:bBsIde-aF''.+ fii},V, .
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r Ilt.`f s,t.`t`w.?, can be o1M.7vaL r. to change the lmm2:n Elm 4`',Meizi: 1-3n.Ef k.
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;sf;s2ps :'hU i;ev:.ci.'.S Ãimm"nGd" fiem13? utilize aShap<% :~7t;mi3i~ po;,2) <:', :s,.z.hi5 polySni.s,,.. .:i'aca.e..al ti,:.it c=c'xz# bi: if) rl first Shi1peand om be e.lt à bcaÃ~ ~ b2 ~'-õ E. <-: gy aC?, as :hmti).:3 ?fT of e,:f.'t tsy '?'3 .,s2:Ã.,õaf.. .., seG=L?dib> >hapf'., Ii-l Ri3TI1e C~t.''~
is E.1c'.:'?.,).;, :a,Z g-y: :et I)Leeby s)o polymer has a il.z.`it s.isc3pE:
aià a first Ãt'') ;e:3s`-;ra:FF"c, e>I>d can be ..sr,, ..li;d t3aJs'w,.r1.t. a ts:ffC::Ã"elit. ~Ccond \hiape upon hf,.t1:Ã:ig to a .,.i certain eia,bodÃm+t;1:s5s Ãhe i71kitF.:.'iiEl {:..?.4? further <3s:umke .
a zr.3.erx`'z shape `.pt)..,, to a tMrL> t4mpeY~~awre_E).i4k?'i.~ emm thl..st.C.i1nd ÃC.'L?.fptifatw,ci:".
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.r ra3::>,.i.frws of these PO: Y?--nf.;,:s. hn some embC7dtmeI'.itsz the pt`'iL-me. #e ",.2tw,orf.al a t,.Ai~>i.: ; t t Z. .} Y <~~~t \.ar ~~*4F iZ~i)~''~ < \k..F3'~ ft3l~:3~.I3 ~:=.`~i3C."Y'...~ t7e ' 1G;.~3 2 ==;~S c1~t.. ~ w i. :.ivcS.~ derivatives ., ~~ .
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podymGn4.`=:~i.'<..L...al.sc.#.}s\ ,h..\<"d, 3 i: ;, <:?us can L.i".imp`.',., sL:leLud fÃC,na pfkly.i3C)ibt ii;:8:no..
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= _ ~:ilt~.. 3~ .~'~: <.
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~4=, t, ,dt:nds ?,. 11 l,,'s.cVi?'Vi) : `p:?3 :,#ethyl1 ni:1ha c;'y~ate à PNAANMi.
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f>.'fi~n , };3 .. 15 W to about 25 C or Ex'i?;.il abCFw 18 T' to about 21 'C"
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#...>3~.c...L+:~ . .#i i?Ã about .` . t~_, to about 55 co~ S~ ~=. f~~Ã~#`z#i ~~i.Y=1?~t:t 42 ?~~ ~ti :'e~`.tc:.~~ 50 f' ? ' . ;Ã`
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25Z+AN,s) to about 500,000 F?x more, e~g. i:om t,bo43t 500, 00$#;" E,F about D
INIIIW" Sha~~e Memory Pc~~ymers n}, ~.\Y .ib?,",~SJ<r iZ1t3:a}tV 2~~'. iiwe shape SSiVY2S1~'.Fypoiyi.i?4.A
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tiil= i.E?32L#~.IL.:T S= .a~ LF . ~~c3::~ ~E.C
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~I`i.:o,a &i?n'z .#lU ~,eco,d sh#.3pe to the third 41ape, c.,g. a locked ;,YJ# ,.:1~~, j[~=.#.` "\t w1,.EV ?xtJ~.:~-7~~ cSia..Yn6s for R?nL4#tuIS.ii,:a} is.\!#d ltt`jt`'==.
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ctY..~?.1~. ~'=rs a soft ~
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a3 some canbodl.lfnG.IIt.`.+: x,.#.e wall fl.+..il:d4ds ..i?O'.$. :h:#'#I t!I-w >oa a a#t. f#ii,:31'2~~.
;si yei ?' .4 i`.=e .#,ti;
i~ .'?l?õ somi` =i.?,.itsk:f os have been O1owil 11-lf-it ti,.i3nc,..an:.
, ~
< n ;~-e:~a...~~,~i ~y, a~; s; tE.~, ei'?#:~tji.I1ts: t~3+~. wall t~~.iCk#1i.Ss:iS
I?. ., wC. 1r;: i, f_mp1'fri4?U.a. lateral flexibility :~ i31 t :~.i`'.=
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.
tiii'[#a#. #., ti;:to be cas.aivio-S3" dlrC?{7.;õF~~i l1.i1tAG::I]w 'u.?#3d4u.~ifics, 4iih h"~Om < i .<i:~~~. a : +i ~ Sr t#"~ ?ci:'z f:;a'.:r ;' {1`'I. ~ i :i~ :.3:. :~~?:.:'t~ '~..~.+õt~aa4-~ xs shown 43~%ii ~.~ Ci~ , ~~~ ` .a,:'..~
a '~;b#l .iicka}est, in t}1L wall ?liti.kne:?s is ira.z~;~Verse'Ay nm''.-Qc<iIs';Ya:'t#..
kv..3..is_ the ih,zp{ ft s.nE? `o' po:y-2naa.r Umt are d:.sE'I'{bE:d c3;?ovG.
...;"L', it,..ivaoil by ilennal i.i 4,T :; 4+..i.t?z#i G;#;,?(?{~iI`biCl{L~5 i?i}.1c-r forms of iaf::t' y; 3= g ho?Ã !`_`nati'+, ~Gli#
i?;) ,'L ; the :3 , l,~`?s `:3.`l?~~~Z' ~`?fll~~i~:L~'. ~'~k 3`i'"1~5;: 4..#.y3F is .~.i, ~:i:ls<., ~.~~:
l<3Z,. `3'::~I ctind4..crt ti-xi, aI.+:.rnY1tr,'. k}"rIi-i of o1,Lt.Ã;`~ (?r w.I z L..zrF.\&.;T: wu~w y p_>7 i 1<I a x.3 :.~.~. t'i1i?ii at tt vv ?yQ3` 13'ECl the i}i.tematf' fi3}'131 o;'e #qgZ' 'A _?:{o d>i:= Al_.Pe nie3iÃ?rti' po, yint:r-coi1ti3.1n1n'w? dlS.:F:I3i,Ã,ts il;:v. ?cL="I) described zs s.t.+,voS, `.}fC sf? } t?:: `~?~?. s?`~;.,`_ ~
polymer ?E' 1?i tt2'G ~:E 3 ` a3t ?A :~:, i l4~:L and .~i " need not 7t_ 2~; '~a +.. t3z, k`' , r~
4a .~ l t`:~?F: e~? }r t?: i3 Sy i ;e%C, 3i s3-:q?L` :F'i'I1 z7. i' p I' ::7?i'7 structure can .E~i;-Juds: one or ill.ol# pon`io.1s is:33 1i;t:<
C ' .V.^,{ .< ,Z, sides c" )m. ~ie ~ ~ Y Yw'~ :~~.e,:st : t .~<iv~Ãa,; a C.~_.;>>.Ãv~li~fa layer. For +:'ilIir~:C:, ..~:~ ~?:~~.~ ..a,Ef`=#t.0(A. as .4. ._ iouQ K fffl?Z.f~s .,..ii Y : . Ã.`;4= ~ icteT:i d`a'scdbe~.'1 above) can t:%Ive a ``:n: , 1a;3.. 4ibi3i.`-v`d Y
0 1r ..?.. , . r s. o>.d..Ã..I; t li3yf ,, <.:;ld a sei:t?F?d. E3,pt sislg side coated with a w4.c,.`#-..d i. ~ .~ .~"'.a~.h`,. .L ~~' T~,~{+.. .i..~;~ ?t'r. sLci~$~.~~4:
c(?J?tE:iLSG.~~Z~;" l::b~1~f-~rs i;~i2..~ ~1r:~ :+~..lLk:t.i~~~i.:`a i~4~t.4 x..~.~s.i:
~: C ~.. ~.... .a. .. , to >_j#:l:[`g..t,?v SM: wtlt_.i,u:`4. .I':iEll a first RhiS:pc to a second shape, ,l.#.., b{3<.k i`.'fs,m tk, . ~ con'i \hc.}ie to the k:>t shape.
c tr t C".,.i: f.:~~.;k,.: C':~ix?.~f .~.E;.~"i.~...x:? <~.~ti+ ~'~='.pi:4~i~~i~
L~nf:: :1~%7,~~)t<~ ~?~ Lw~.i; a;i3?i7w ng:ifa.i![`.
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.
of gl1 ffi4ttt;Iz mu.4F;c3ls ini:=lL?de low du3\Ameti:=t' ny:'i;i3 ., taÃ'i:fh<i.F?c`. and Yt . ....t f: t . ..~." 7 ~~_.~~.~..i ~ 9 m3#
~,\.. block .?,:ti..~~ i ~?~?l~=1I7(r',:s}. The ~1e~3..l:3; .#C:>~}?ÃY >
' .>
.`... ` ` # ~34'' , t E 3b!'4 yr i~, of ttI" ! `:~' high ~{y~ ]rett 4.(1b'F.~~i{.J l j-~5yliJn [L `.~~L~. {}~.l~A ~?i. ~ t:YL IF.1 ty t \) ) :L.A1..1..=4. ., 4'4t.. ~.'\..S..~L K- a~~.i4~.'i.afiii :. a.cz.c???s i3#, x. C 4">? l L~? a:?:i i~xit< or I71C)'# L i'~?#.li Ea i i Fl z,Et ?-4 of the ~F bF..:F F 3e,:ib i i' f1`
r "Fd;`:?' ` ~.:` Y
Fa ~:3'~3'iL:F~i}i','r 62, ? b?~..1.F Z;ii~l~t?C3iia \} iJ ~?\ SN'~~5#IFG~~#F. . ta.Si.~zgtF#?i~
ti?.#.i'; cz\;}F"li:F. F?t' t x lt'::'#' <.F}`F..Foi;. W i 3~rF~ ~# t 3.L' po.i'ion so thal more th%dF.i i?.} ,3s."3aAF<?i> caF# sw1L:'d chi.tnae ss i?`.,, i ;??,' exa.F?:?:?lz.:. i-~Ii_3S. 3A i?il:d. ?.B-:>hC?w ,SF
slUC.v+. :'L? in a bitl_3at?3~; catheter : ? S,i. 70 hFcladGs an SMP Wbulw rTwn.t?e.;. , .:,Fv# ag .
.t=`
>ct,.~ \i~ 4. ~S~ ~"~ \ ~t~~ d i~ ~ ~3t.:f T`11 ~.t37 5?
. v ;.?(?:`:#+'3?3 i ~.. ~ .}~.~~ ; =. i\ \ ~: .1~. :3 74. ,:-~ sP~t .i~ a t~FIF3.1 ~s~
.F i..#`:t.>. to SZ3..Q ..:S.:m:#cE' 60. :"`3lF,=Lv"e. 70 ftFfth4r S.izi:lud`L.':''3 a Lond:dLlavc sa'.Z,.? v5 ,,iaLe 79 of first . `.-.J ;:h rd pC?Fls 72, 76. Ei3 a first, Ãaa`.l.?Z.ke :?Z?hiuS3T .s:i 78 of s:et.-y\.d lti abuts :1F1 intS.`.:Fik?r sufl,.F\'. (il of f?i:aL"?".F7.w#?.i7Cz160, and the do1.-" .FS.fit c~I.Ata'2.}. .`'.nneF i.nVmi94.i. 62. U."pon, 4a=i:fi vati;.15EvFa Z_oa4JLwfi ve iar c~F' /l~.? '\ A<F ?:El:4 sxeF:~; : '<I:3C
'f, :ai sFiiiF?i. F,..~ ? :;\..=i t'f ~.?"1: :?r1?[a ~i:~A1,rL~i x?C)>~.t aI'Fs 72, ..__ . `
, .. .. . .
? et....i:i..` ..? \o _' ~ ' ¾ ,.I'E.:l .~'1~~. :C'r.~a,:~1:' S. t<3.'J'=i i5 contacts \.`..I':ii~r s~'aI:f:3\.i; '_~ x?f.Y?I.`av"
F.....t;`=a t.;'.:)i 2 hw.c~:`.4 ..?ck:F3 F outer and inner F??6.mi]eF"s 60, 62 and e1.raal'.F\ ii?cs U~w F Fgpi#i f %? ~ x#.;:t3<?~, ~ =:~. ~~ ~i >: ~ :.
TS :';i1\. 70 # ui' a conductive laY'"ea that i'x.`te-nd; .,.ifnnp~~z4E.ely i1rc?1sF"#.:'A
~? t ,.~... t,~')\. ~4~ f}~12~L~t~~.-\, the <:.a.azC't ~1C., layer i.c34'3-3:i:t the p.F: +E:=: C.i t .>~i. _. t ` xr ` .. ~ 1..~~ r ei f:'.F~`i.. `}~
ii~4:~: fi e?..'l`~.~Fa; the :~L'#`~.@~~.t:~4~` of t~'.f. `~fC.'C"'S, ~'~.fS. `~-f~.
,;f3\~ -#~:4 se'?C:iS' a `~L.y 15 .. "I.,\~: s ax~., :'.: ~'~.~z li3~ eÃSS\ ".e#Ct$~' ft~; 10 7 f. c. ilC
..F.tt..t:c,F .~.Fi.'.,?~.i ^.= i ~3#.\.. ; ~t ,. ;F.' :.t3l#" L~+: F '~:' t,. ,F~:is..,..
'.~. tubular mC`.F:#~"3~~1`a'.F'. CoÃ3&ifcfiS.i: >:ir>L# S i are spaced .'~:i ;
.emb\. c~ 8 ~. ,.nC:i.Fd?'~~
,?~..~t , along the t}u~I,a:?~t~.~'~" ft:f ..i\:.L~''~. :~{.. t~">:Ylc3Y I?_ s\ i,Fzt: portions 87 ?.S~fwil<iF1.u; 3Y?F143tf1Illctll?y ii-lilt do not hiF Y
S conductive ?.x2F.tG3 #.c3i S~' ~-i à .t,. i :3 tI t.\.I~,w ; s i.:i': `i~.t;lÃ-#~i;ci to the i~iTla".'.F ..'1.'iaitl?swz 6~.r'. ~. ~;" fi.:~E. L's#~.i?~<'.i~
\.' i .3Qi.~v. 3> .sE;3a:Lt_fa i:i? <1.il.d in t.C?fiEaLt `Jsr1:Ã:b d:ie ;iua+.'z mi.'.mbc.." 62 (, sC> 4A).
W IS.:n, t ? #?~ is pTs~vidfi..(. Ã+_: :=oi]duCt1ve lay!vl`s 88, Ã.l:,.c S:3a-p:: .i'f143'ilft r' tlt fi:';FÃ:
tit5 i1 k <it and ~ tos1 v-" a~1" s ~. Ãu1~: .. . s3iitx ~. ,.,v,..,. {. . ..4 ~~:~'c 4~ ta:3~: > ~`i1F~f~s to ~:'i)Il~.sl~:~. the i.I~.2 1e~ >r~ 61 i ..,w?r,:xt ` {:; ; `;K.:. 413~ locFi.C~lnf.h the oui.eF" :F?d. inner iF%L,mbels :' f?no ^y t a t~F.i~ .zi~:F~
~amt?.3:e. iõa:ia.,:s:-ks 95, 96 li4i f~l'.4:#i3 to pass .Z3$?oti.i~ >.:: <f .
~' t4M<?i#~~ .. ~
9:3 1.:'3zsv.ui3 the .f:;i aÃid ?.7.:#:' :I1c#'?iber:> E30. 62.
cc;3i 4hc1n4fs:; Ão t?M, r sh<I:~.?en F?. <:xaÃ?lp#o, FIGS. 3A <.vl~
5B st ,<.cve 185 '.aa:* 1`3g E;'st g3okoÃ;.s 186 cMt,nt3w` c ... =t`zf<. L. ~:Ã7Ã; :
~"i' ii ~~i and a ~.::i3.:lFF~~i ~' lexF'SI' 188 on the ii%'yt ~3W3~"E1t7'a;,^..
ÃC, >, ;iaf: :EPoly#;''ofF`s13 v3 smy Sod,:tdCi'Il%.i~ sh'<Pi.. 4:`e4 mioL'vm a ;ii;EFa.S: a:i.:Fa.9eci .,.FO:?S `\.kw.? r 2,`om, <aL.fivc3 ii,n, w iS.9i the corners PJ`-~ co.i?tx:S:
tingihl.` ..)t4,r3?.r sa.i2 #4?a.4 61 e y_ Other .?3a~~f~.?MZ~?~~ \t't.S.'F., x f 85 [).ai'}nAjFii) w`i~i+.Zi..[4~:
t''?,. , t;..i.:~:=~>.:i.'.
}.w. .'>, i,.i#. :.n contact .v,.Uh ?,ili?Lr oati1e1e1"62. As c3 :~~~v'~Lie-185 is a.t3,Z..b..e of .+,wi{::t`t the i;,3.e3'aÃ.d .mn:-` i-i35n-2bv e'S 60, 62 ti1gofi'.i`s.?F' while leaving che.F.l"lt,L..4 195 fi3;' ?,; O9F`.d to pass l. n{c :ÃatF,11.,::;r Ãi7i'ouSfh ImnCn 1 98 bdwt,',mi Q
t?s2xi;:r and in.is:~-a mei2.;3e1's f:0, i'`~
.`.:..
: .>i~'L=.. 'w'I#~~v.i~?i#'...`~, tlits ?.21F7L'..i' #TaS,;.II~~~F?t..#' .t:t~i.L E?.F''rs..~;:~' outer f`.~~..Ã~'ii~.A `Ã3.z:;.#~~'vs ~:i sec"R.?t, iYC~ `t;: :i 1[?L ..3i4i1>i t' pf:>lyi71er and a c4..1..ducUv:, f;wd?c?dF:g that ~.?<'.nF:.>Ã'k loc' a.I s E'~ .,:e, ,.. s ")`.iti.., to val:h C'1ti3t:-#" wI. htbz..Ã' fl.5:' need Ã61 a s`paaatt:- 4xi.QZ'E;~;
> .{, iS. ?, ~ and 5z-_ '-..2',>.... .v- a +:ii'.~'F:A~ sy4ÃC:~Fi 1~rl~ :l~t~
~#..G=~i ,.o-...#~~r=:`4 a.,lt;ia':C`.
102 and :mn.,i= m`aLii?.ber 100 Inner FT1L.Inbr.e 104 has a locking S
LE#[."s;.. 106 ~e~li .i:
"nS.mE?:y po. )':nm% L3_?4kiFig selat'#ff.a 106 has a .ta3 s. portion 1 i 0', a tiGc;3x::d 4t# '`..# 11 2 ,i#.Ea a ....# .: pE'>, :.i+?n 114. Sec'ond portion , 12 h1.~. a ct3i1dt::Ã,:Ã'`t'e .~ ~
ye_. 21? i.hci..c?i.:. '+V. ..?o. ;f.t;Ã..` t=awd #i:inf::F' g.'ei:1bs.=F 104 .,1.:1Ãb:.s s{::t#.fea}-d tu.?ii :ir Y >,vi 3.e t 7;-: i.ap9~: ~t..z. di<`u:'s f`s::Ã zSS,A. <:~.t ~?.r;';' f~bk..i 1~~.:l >.
?+=v ~l .i.. ~=~i.a~_$ is t ~:~rt?. ~liaÃ.t. ?A> le ,.v>nti:}.[ .. i i . .= yE'.: 121 the '`hw ?e mC:1t'E()F"G' polymer of the second pa.?` : s.: ; 12 is ~ .. ;;..v.,., .3.'} v ;i~3t:i.~ : t..:~.,'';~:t ~l.il. inner ':LiÃ'.~t.ld`~i?
14;~ of E~`IS. .?E.[i4'F .,~t..3?>i."~+..F :i.3'~f, t.wF.F-:C?i ~t S i3: the inner and t.?llÃ.ei' mei7:il]C:"1'i 1Ã32, 104 Ã:() each of.1ei in a i?.>Ã' fla;"
` .` .,?F i +,.t:4i:S`.i.,3e:f above. Altem<3titi'ClZ' f3ra'a'w,Ã'iE:fflcMy, dh>=_, f?.#.Ã,t:3 .F.`"E.>ili;?C.F 102 an :~...:, ~~.'F~~Z::t~?I. .j':1li a i:%~r}i`.r.i~.i.it..Ã.;:F''`v ~i~'t:~` Ã
?~i~. is i,.i3~~<~~?,.f: of ~zio1$I:g tmR=~:#xi{lc to . F Et: 3t `iiF >.-. nua:#b:I~ 104.
i;;...3 o.>xr e.ilibZ?ti:i...\IU:} can bU l'4}T71.iS-Vd. F._?ia l;p.5..
'c#:ki. k3INIP 4h.t,~,`e e.xnxd:ivti' 3 wi}?~3r~ .f~( :~:'~, }.~.?f1> l~'.~`,._.. ~,.=:~~.t?#..te#.1.:=G the ii3"ae~. tiF::F 3c#4:=~`.'. le. ¾".: outer i~:IS.'?~l.~E:i` 3~`~'a~
t. ..
\
:F :'iIt ~. ,k;:(a uhs~ other of Ii 3'?.'i:.h- can contact tt3`!.. Z3utt:r salT`..cC. of an :nnoi :T1i>=a1-.bs ;
b,.S.:l;. s-a :.t.ltt..l#"; aIl SNiP 4li.L,'4''Ã3 Ã?i E . include portions & fiYL sz:?S.; w,vi;n. e3x;ht, 3iIIlf{, ii tG`lio"r:norE. peff'tdt3f t? :n whib t7 ti t +a# ' ~ s..ifl?; szc L'3: i ~:~~ ` ~ ; ~ ~' :r ~;t ~...a Um ' i tS I i v..=a,~Ã?~3ti$t'a'4= I ~':'..F' applied .~i' ..z:[.fi >.it:=~`t `t~.., t, .::12 ,iA , . .
`'.'<'3\., nl ::a3,b+.'.7' is contacted at aIlua11bk~C.'r of pfxII1ts to InE:=1'4c3s.t+.' ti..6: nadI:ll # ,Cif~Ã and .. ._3.iAt"3taiTP the Ã%at:Faf =tt:r m a non G-ofls:psÃ.k7 wn&
ts: afi.?.~-i t`r < .#n' .1.~:::t'r i .>:;; ~` .L:= # ,::il. :?r<:54i.irf:'.
le :'i cspk ?:# a,iCZa}y l >YlynnGr sleeves c:a)i have a a:~i#152+.. \)f ...+, w :p .~ ~ `:`~ ~ ut.i. :
.:?.,t~:~~ ,~..> }. `'~.~` .,ii,?Ãz (01, a El.'a ShapC:) caIa, c,g h21vs.. a l#::n4f 2 ..., firt:>.17;
;:} about .. 3 > . to s t 3~` `E!. 75 #:z".., , an i?(.EE:~i' Lfiai3i`~EG'.E' OD ` ~#'> %Eft. ~ ; .? ~'"" <#.t:.. ~.`t 20 `?.. i3 ~.= # f: ~'<3 Sf. #i~ ?a- ~. ~ 3F1:;'.. Z
li?t. i:#.t,z, c. .:=4' ., taai~~iaa.,~;:i? z ;' : of ii=J~'11 i~.~'3Crtit ~i.z`.E)~~=>~ 1A7?#, .c? c.3f~<.'3~1~ ~,.f~ ;'F?I71. ~~ 3ti1:'~1 4 f ~ } the A.: ~ ~ ~;i~ \~~. the 4~4~~1!L. 's L:~ iy x Z ~ft.~i~~'2~,~i (fti the a shape i~T~1.J.~~. =v ~ ! ~L ~~t'_ ; ~~ ~ '..^.a s_.f.=v~ in ` s f .a ;.~..a:.'vr. ,~i3::. 3 z=~~:~iLa ~.= ca~
i2,, . C's\i ~ 1~3-~2 f,f.'SC7i.
L !) t 3 rk , }, a s. l : t;+'~t% ~s~1..lE~fPt ii~i~., f ~.,=.' F.i~v E_ c~~3.lZ~.fryr Ã;~,i z ~ ~ ~ L
a2?tZt,e . b i ?t s 3 x C?~~ . <#~3~~ .x d~la[:~.1'1~:.~'.i W2 .tC?f.'3 t;~3.?t#ti `...~' x W
11, i131~'~f:ni~+i#Tle#1tti,, afte; ,.w1hi.# `\.'.:tp<nsit+n.
a sZõ: . ~.3. ~~., 2~.,~, .,.~ ~` ;.. '##';Ã:: ~ L.x _ ~~: ;-~~.3l~i~:~.1~ 3T
sleeve in a ,`~:E~\ fl.~.. i' r~ i Z:t~?a.i~E.{~..: a t 2 ,"\3E...,`'#t.t'~
1.l: (f.=#::,?. w e e~..e:.t~#rt . i~s:
d3drd s3 1 'wi `tx c, a..aYO''e i[n outer (hi;1nct'4'`=#` OD3 ft'+,?nl about I.2.+,0DZ to abi?uk 3x"
# ~~ ! ~~2 ~ e ~, f~ a i`,~. i ~ l iL ~ kV, 0.5 ~ x W2 rr` \ i.t :~i}Lf~ :,::
:..IL, E ~a= ~t,3~t,~} :ti< ~ ~~i f~~~i3 ~`x~.Ã.l~Ik ~~~~:::;
:''2re-ring sjL'c3='i'.S
=~r ~~ z ~Y T : : < ti-nc? ~'+~u m`tSp 3y =t14~r+} ~.ka ~'~>:CF 1=y S
\.f.2~i..s-.C._. v; ~.L:i S 6.c }~=~ 'bl ~~y .3 'a4==~i~1 :2(.~ ~ i~. ~." t~.1.l1`:' ..ik~4'~t.a~.. .2~.~.~C..f...~.. : ":\.=S..:tl. F ~= Jf.
3 2d..5v\} ~^> ' ~f{ ~~=,2I:
i [~: (`
o=, z".U\ <',;..? .^\.. .td r?a3't,s x3s. the shape iliemtyry P.'}'~~.)i~ Z.-.
i..2 .,\< .\=' ;:...i;. . , ,.(.S, .. :eEnd 713 sh(1F~, a S+tz's:.tabi4 .;ad#L tvr .Y f`?ci d4F:'\. ;-f n ~. r a ,.4.. i:?i'rti1:i 204. A shape n?t.n,fbF`y p(f2Z'mG`_ :s.:i..f`s e 20'S
, ;ou#.`d.. :.:i'. d,ao-..tptzdVn. 04f3f.TnonbL:-rNO2.
25 m. it:Z \ (\.. g, \ i> at.0 ) eL '+1.3:,.a+.., ii 212 f5f,4hi:1p'F.:
MemÃi'~~'si' Pi)lyYne, s:'L'.ove 2`.)8 .t~-la, .Ãia10 i ÃstI~ T~~i..'= S~.~3~.`:C:=~~~~Lti~eFÃ``Y ,~ 33~`.t,`.;g' ~aÃ`~ h~.: ~t~~; ~.. a sI.evs:: ` FS extends around only a pozfioa: o, s-hape m=i>:.y .. . . . . ~ 5 ~'C.'.. n~,_:. a, :<3 7f j.~.i3iz... .v`,#''.~'~'. ~,.5:,ii~#.IQ.1~`~' +i~~ `i~i 2 .~~~Ã is to +lia ~'~ ' ~ ~:
=.~~.\...;` ..\.; y..l.t' to a 1."nlwil YsaLi'?.t. F'J T=
~V't.~i 4J24.1h #s a7Cf~v}f..}1od to t114' [.\A?\.YwA3ve3i? tk\\.. i;?.
reg}i'ien>?a, .ha..i: overlaid 1?sl conductive layer 210 f>5..tt.,~-ated'aiFd Q.'h _ s iv. =rl1c ai.tt's=''itbÃ?-n is of ;iulis..ÃC=::1: tw''.:'. t< steer thi:=
C.ltifr:1?. of the n#\..mber 202 a3-t a direction oj'~Po:`ite :.Flw'.f 3 t, iC:'. ..a ``':nent sS E.,u;:T T\, t,L.i v.itt.i;, as .fl'i:3sticlted $1F FIG, ;'(:, In +.:c1t.:..Tt :z7ibC?dnai.Ã1t G iffic `~~,~rlkaE.I`:~ t`='s~Ã'z ,#.s~ :. .. s,.*=:p~ .>. its i.,4;F-iel? y ..r a.t~ would rd.ndt in E.3'#:diE.=LAt=4LF being s k,:f':#-~.f., in Rf# M.\ ~FZ ,:?,:> 3,.i4 '~4 aen"~
! 4;.\
?_; d~ati:Y C'# at~E>Ã:ii#a.\F:t ?, ffid' i:CSI'#_dl.id,>tI-4C. layer 210 G.?:tt:a'ti?5 n`+." F3^:i`Fc dii?a^: c3.i:)oF:.#
90 t ,?rs u#.eE ..Fii:A31....:3:.eLr (e , 4F?e c:_FrZ.:urnf,4.ri=nce, when the sfi'-b1ee 208 ? .'iFn `::E#.e :. .bI#:, of . :Fy,.F,#..,F?cw E':El"3: ) , ftbe shape tu`4'FmC?ry Pt?lST.atei' slZ.c';'.; ' X (Ã: . E;Ãt Ilaf}F-S;
than z:._ o,F. ni mC?ro ,,:....,. about 700 no .J~(1rL= than .a:?o:.#i no F.,3.'.F'd;; fl-#.i?a3 t.bm 501tt, d13' :7it i:#,'w4_'. e.3iiSiF~ 405u i1I'ou13cE :.hi: pd,.`# in-1.cF.C:F" of d,~.~.. s.a:zap\ .iwiF:f3F"y (ii\)(dfAd the ped:1lVWioi 1hi.~.7h,sipt.
,n,.r?o s ;`t?.:y, ;e, k.G. <'6 . (L g, ?"s i}'za'n about 40xi. sic) less ti~..:.n.A..t?ot . '54rz%,?'1#:F less 30 ,,ac,.1 ~i ~ ~ ~ ^ ;iF \...,t M),s, u) less ~ .. :3.T. L~ ~ 2 ~t ' "'SY
about 8011 ~
.#:A`Fi~A~~.~~~:=
:~.~. ryi..t~`x' c. or no ~~:5~ ; i.~~w t a'. a_.. ?f, 4~ 4.:-ii2~.L.~ ~ r~' ~F ,{ ;t t i t~t?ttS.~x .C,. ..:~ \. Z ~ . :~~~.~~F f? \ ~yF~~Er~s 4# ~ia~`v~G~~. Etl ~?iF~.:?C~#,~..~iL;d~...~x~'~a :\ o Y \ i ~~i 0 , C::~?: ~., about 'tz )r'. around ~iFS.' \ .G~: ~\
s': ,, i., . . ~ ~Z'3~FS.<i:?~#. {~ ~3C..~F"f:~? of w tihapi'.
.nL.n.i_ #= ~3fi:~~y.#.\.)t' i~,.;..~\.^~~4.. . ., ~'x0\. t~ ~~~ t ~r iiu 4 `
~} i+i~{ ~~'~tC sa?\~.~..\: ~'~. stit~ i the \ .. ^i 4'J. #2y-t Ft.T t F.~ LF~'46~~V ' ,V S~L~ '2~`F. \.}.~,y k4'v~~'t~ ~.W
he sh \ipo n\.,., ..cit l i ~`.[.,,~i?.: :L: --~ir ~~ x :9 ~_ C: ? xi i ~7'~:.zSC.= i:;i? ~''~YEa:tI'a~F Y `~ .?
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tix..\. ~:'C`{.~ :.i31~>~t~, or i?E~Fi<i<~t, F
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~~a ) ylt}~d~'f.~.~).:4~.1F.Y\ y~t.`~ of t { f,>V~ ,t ~LG'4i L~q}1~Y i 1 -S j~
~A~rld.rs can ,}~~-=.E~\~#twiSlEZ+~.~n For ;.:xi\t1~,, FS~~.Y+~.
. F,,:)4'S ~.:i.iY fC..` ivL~~t ~'~SC? y)y. CF=F?~.i..).
? Y ~t' }Y t .x ~ ~ 4 z "~ f ~ . Y t ~=- i ~~',? ~ t i \ , a s.~.i::;l ~. e.iilY. .} ~..,.>'` i~ s.:t,,: :? \. t.:.<:~#d.~C.F` ,.:.y #.i"~~;.~IiLiinr.,.i a31::~1~it : ~.tZ'' Ã
?od##'}. .j...)". . A .`gFa't'3p. ,..+.. `tr`Ory P{yiy"Fnor sfi.cv'v' 230 ,.urroEA'a:'Cis the distal pZ?f:l:;.'.n 229 of the .,%I, ..,>.tx'.k 22., , Shape ;;.4i?w3"y pi7l\.-a11eT" sleeve 2.'..() is i;o.? 3. ;3;3 t..$. ?lf.>: \ .1 l;ka,.' a w`
2,0 i? ;? ? LiFi{i:iii. ' A l:.yt;.i`..,~4{.F ~3~'4Il<~R'4 kL ~ , Gi~tl~k~ a :~dw'`:Fi;:..~'I?F 232 oi :h`..'~
230 Y~ ~~ ~ $ 'i . t> t " *~ s' 3c ` the #. yS .t:F' st .L\r;G L. ~,1eL~ # ?~~'i;l ~S A43F`14~~.~i~2>7<3~e ' \-~' ~
:~.aFla~f~~~l ]^
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.:14 shctr'?c `.':i?:,.,?.'?oi :% r1i?ly7F,xS;.Y' wiL.`:vE: 230 i:lilit extends d.=iai.dFF..ferC ?$';.u.lly ,3.it?F.aid t2`.?3.4' a P,. , Of `i.,3e shape xo?\ ,.?i?3'y poly~#1zeF" 4iG4L'>. 230.
NkfheF3 4'noF E> 1= is p:EfVFd61 to thC3 cr.F_:i.u<.t. + \ . yep C ;.anm:a 232 sSF:.E: is i5veda3d by `+v'2KF.S.:^tialve . `s:y4`. 240 is .F.f...i~='. aked i } such '}': .#.s, i<:= <t ,~.s tA. ,.L;..it. ~.,~t 4t.~ `tiL3~~.:\:l3 }~i' st$'ill;..:~i~t SE7i3~.'~G` !~.#~:>~. this ..ti:t +,....?mxFõ,. i.L;=7,3. are to a l~.its,,. ~~ ~i4~ ;~E:~~FY ci~ai?'~i is f3#~S..#f .FL'#L 3: ,x ~, .Y ~[.~
the v,~ ~ckt d=`f..T .r\ ~F>aC.~F~. 2;~~w .,? ;^ >.:# v 229 E. .... ~ .,....1 ~,S.: F 227 a~17 'st Ãx9li'ij~'~ai.I7.
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~ ,`.r..F,. .ti..;., i "t Z ~ ? ? ya s .~Fi'-~ ~,r 3 tvh,,t;.h s .......~ .',..~:-.,. as #.?E`;st,.a.tC'ci ia?FIG, e*~iR, ESa.V:i>
~'x ..l#..;-a:<.dl1:i.Etu.t. t}itiad:= (f.'F'tp>`F.1' side of O,.:.~ sht..`G^ Iz?mo> S pi3l~,'TixÃ:T Ocf.Li:. 230 is E23.
..d..itaJ.I"a t4``mKAfi# w-I;z~ ~,~&, i4.1.fl'~' 'a:.3 fl.L.x.`Y.\. to ibrdw.?"t,t #:iug'i; C, 1:3`l.Ii?I cÃ'{.l 'stS4:l.i.
i3nC3 e>fd,'z:,`~i-vel1; Cht,F:e#.'s?I#.oveT:{ii .oF..gb, . kaE":`.; }.;t,.Fv {; flac #Iiomb4:#. 227. IF"I 'x;ertaFn e.i;.'.bttiili3]C`?._s, thi::~
y õ .i t t in i.4.3 wi! ] ip y '^~Y^Z:?~F~..~L~' y}y ` Y (=~
\ 1.=Y S . \ a ~~.t,~~it~.~ ~i1i~~- >~.ijf i~" A ..: Y ..t`~ + : )t?~
L...s ... . :~.s ~L Yx ..~'EF.~{.;`s`a~._~ t.._. : `uwi:.a.,.'S.~i.\.=s. õ~t-, e.s;
F
tt g ~~h IF~:~>
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.~~~i.` shape :1> .,1:\?r 3a3}y:'11.ea sleeve 230 :S}:i ci'rta:
ei};:?<)kl:nicn,,. c,..3 ..o w?;I w..r.,v11, to f.,...l.:tate pv_`"r:l} curvature of $lic, s~~:et:v:...R>4. e?e.i3;7pA br t34}in}ttrt:n4 ..i : ..; ;j.? ,` ...? .#:.c. eL}`.af:.`. i....d :7; decrease in aFtnWt#.1ie#i'.f~ len..;th, i'o:= fi:?<....','yw. tile aa!\Y' o}.i+oS?tl i.lc2iNle 6 :i::'va d #SSv2i+,i v:~ta \~.E~ 7..1~: r~ \.I .:1.t` E~-.F~. ~, f ~Y`~
~,. ,. .. ~ all ~ {.. '}'~ .~:+.. J,C:e: wf s::I::
Acs can `.:;<,vz, senc s ?:?f:~Ãit nc, to aIii:gw ft>i' fltix#C? 7, :n \:4:,.:~.at~. ~'?3l llli:l lifC=~ a ti ~C:}' i I~~ \LraS~ <:ia~:, .~i?\s:.E~:::{.~ t3. or ,ll.y,. i zti:;1. tip of :~.L z?`.ila=.oI, f4i }i .ndlEde a }opfi' m5'11?L3.i y po,4tn'. h,..4 i>rE' a t.{3}:+;t#:3cd E4 i i: ~u i.i.~v '~~~t~ a longitudinally {]CxaTi[Y ,., I {~
>;fL t..'~`iC.>. )Z <.~ > ., ~t, vC. c) ,~t1~,:" i::S.~=}~azi:,~. :; ,: {,~~~~.~ 5.::~.Tt.. .,~~ I:~~~
at v n } #}.~=
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ce~ r~1e....t but },f: t #.a'tf3 +~iTi'.:~~11 i~ d`~:i'}.i>~: of the szi-.`e;'7I?.~s si:r 3~,+.:z'~:.. I
:F.c.?: :n.~#:x{,} \ ~~{5 IT?L~ ~ ?t 4..~:` }t'~#3l ClCi1S'f#.tal, fY:i:}h1i7.g ;+.f t3nw. õffka.ioi' i,'?f tht.
\... ., :i..\ . crice ,~.#ti,~#C... +{F ipo:? c'{1.+.:.vat;.t:1}.i and at3 ..~~L~;t t., ~i5.% . ti?G~ t.`itrtS..r in a l i? ~.i<?.~Y
._~ .. ,... . . . . . ~.~ .~C..~., , op,?t.t:. to that of the portion. For i4.? a:#21ple, FIl3S. 9A i.3,e..i t B
s3:?C?w. a .;Ã...`; .3h .ala{..x 250 ha'1 ti. = a d1s~.<'1l portion 25-4 t.E .nd:d{k:s a yha..ps.'>...omt;ry 15 pu. y..`>;L.. A..o,.v.<::.#i.=.iZi:::}":'#LGvr 260 Zlt'ti:=i,-ia'`rs Qg, coats) a s L.?,i. 2ena 256 i.& .ho.a.fx' ?. i,..o ..., .,34=, y ~v <>_ the ` s..,, ;,~. ~'~I ~" \s 4_, y t ^, isa Ã.~.a,1..rv;;E3. .s .:~st?}`? :, "3~'~ E.~1~t~ ~.:4::t;=~.~, sl:
i t . ^i..; .; [, dIst:;~ po;t}3`. 254;.#'td t:?tC?ids F3.i=31it1d less E4't#.txa tiS.l. .J;.r.;E,.?.# ie,t:.6; of the Wti\ 3., ?;3: iZ.:f. 251 Mt...3 v}>er gy is ~."t`"ov1#..ieL~ to $h'=
(:=C`,uduLb`v+ .,.} : et gmenf :756 s ~~~i the 'a~r=;, 7~ Eõ its i ~.,.t3. ;:.-', ~ ~ ..a.Ai> i i~SS=' ~,?i:'.#taL~2.~.~ i'C. ~t:#~m,.~~ is i~Fv~~ ~ \'[~~+.~f:tizr',i.e E:3ziis2~4''=ti ! ,.(f :,h`;E~.a::a'~Z'.:u}':''w:d 20 st3i?e. . ,.t 250 <i a ducch<?,i opp;'tsi`.k dh,..; ~f1he segment whi4 .3 f.;5 ÃÃct.
t'_Eei:;. as .i;
FIG. 911 33: i ..#"Lai.:? `>.'.E:3b3. ..3..Laat' t'+.`xC' sL:=g#rit1it C:ia:3. have i. ehqp?:: >41 .t:i ?nt {3:1?s'Z i.hzl:
wz?ulf:..i.5ot i>. the x.3.}ho{..i #:C1; `it.!f,'::'4.'d hntL`Ee dir:..ii+.?#:: that thZ'. '^4. t.{i,d.\ F.C:.s.
The Cm.t.,f;..:C'.dv~.. layer in {.o " iiI1. C'.Fnbf>d}:I3'w3'1t,. extends no 1rif` flh.a.i A.Z.,. 90 s 25 ?t fi`='?3,,3#2\. ; , ~3t'.i"}Fs3..t4F w;; ~.L; E.~3:*.~i3l ~~1i31 Ãi(>ii (G=.g. no more ti]:2:[;: ;i;#?1.t 801 -:E .3..orZ-' t..,m=`. ;:b.3u3. `.." c.. .`.1ori thti.3 <%bo:.ii 6M Uv f3?,) more E.Yil.l'}.
about :?0~ ..3, or a,L1 I?'wai. :htti:1 =i f. ~:' t A 4 r`5 2~2\i~~t z lnti.~'=L~. ~3., less ~.~;<~..: ...~3f'.?z ~~r .) .,;iE?:.;. . .... , .?... the i, ~:'.:?.` ,.~.,.f. of : ~#~~ {~?`~`1'"s':i;', ~f a r <) around t> `?i,. #..V,7ew, o{ = ,z;.fi. 4..1:.ii3l portion (~=1..<s. no l{.4s `..~3::~= about i '?'s3õ ,>i~ less ~~1..>,e .
about 501, ..5. .:s4= ,`t...a ;gEi$~;r. I3o k.k;'i i.hiZj3 about 70i's). or I'\? assv.:; ?b<3n ,:x%-~6:Y#Ii.
30 8011 .;3 .`...:.?t> ?.xS, pua#?,.e::w_# \'.f ,.:IS:, a?..4W ",]t`rrditl'1y I1`ri oti?<:I" se;.`-Lo('.d{:.? \ ;',y.., :..~ O+,:}n i ;tt .:?d ...b4Yi.{t 10051 "s$r437nCi #
h` pt3:I-I3C tei C?.i ":[i{, i ist;:il t4 ~~I. .t~;#s 2. i..ar .., ~..s T v +~ ~s a E~ v' ~~ '~ ~C.1` . . . e ` ~s ~,taylt,.. {:'~k:~'a3C31"~~ iR~'iI~f::.i', 3 ~.atL<h`.`. is ~..,,l:~.~;t.~ by <i'>.:?R {Fl,,i.?, iA3~4;
~. , .~ i,tZ:
m.`.,Lii ..._ +;: c. .,.. '.;? ;?i ;..L?a3o3 v pC3lyT.F#.C>i' 1.F t EiiG
distal pi?T`tlà tE` 254. bc :.t., rs,.:, t33ts i Iid, ... . ;;: F"t:.:i to x"haf'?ti:. the direction of the oift3.3ati;:F'.
~t S , t>?'i: ?fld' 01.> .:lt} w ai3.:3ti3t`# s t?:t~C~3k31A~`.F3~ of ~. ~~Ã
~=i41z?~E ~"<1:~.~ :4 : 270 ....i's u t3 p;? il},1 274 t indudes a shape #tit:lno'y ??3l?'1`I3ef Ah:t,t d..i~_ta~'#'.
3.?m e#3.t 276 of the [.~`.?;^:tal p'{),'t.Fo;3 .' = 4 :" :r. t.xtet`i~S
i;..E,Ã..#...,:1 y fd} t1h4 lL11gd: of Me[ fY;3{iion 274 and e;Yi;f?t3zs around than a 3: i>. +,..:'i:#.tlt..a.bF'e.ii.:te of ii#.:"itit.4.f p3i-tft)13 274.
>3S=he3? energy : Z ;:F'^':t t ,t3ed Ti`, IE'::e i4'~ _ `~ the ~#: , ~ ~ 1 <:~ ~ ~r\
Fi:,~:~. . ~.'s- :ifi~{Six?~:i ..,' 6 that 3^. (u t>3C;t ''#i 1`
~.i~#i`.tri#.~1.~e-w.tisv"lc-'C v'a '7 .~ . is iFF_..:vi:#t+:de.:#Iz.; ::3s.
.:,C,;i ,:, _v:s ;.'stL?Ai:d sh:;?i:, `,vhit',h 1~ t,:C}:r3tiY.S~t3f.k, \uE;=Il 1 h"A .'tt V"x i t #b:'i_t y r' if.fw.#F'd.> >t,V?3 276 3..i:1n:t.'n Mite$' i'f31~'' having rC2n<~.iÃC +` :"E lc 3E 3s t.f~d3blt:
S.. ..i:';..tLs #Ã.tilad%v3:~ ~h%13<: Ilit mF~:y pt)l1 !' of <.r.:i .?;; .LI..:#::.t, t>itM. ; of the s+-f23:pt.'. n3.ta3loI'y polymer can =i1,l4.; bt. F.fse . :+'_? iSrF'?A3.
s . . . . ,~ 300 ....3,\:.; \. : :,t, as illiFS~.7't3ti.Ãi'~ '{1'3. ~~' 3~~~ . : 3 L.u:, a ~:af?'~et.. ;.~tt'f ~ i'LStf 3:~~:: a .,t:: ip, ;::iu3o:`r' ;t'i\`glaci ~=.ilÃ:4=i: t:ti?c 310 ba}x?1g a fir~t pttztzoIl 312 ;4'#i~;
t,o..3d:;c6v4.; 3:13t ` .`.:'.G E?#;. an oraL=r surface 313 ViC'I'ef?.~, and a st`+.S:si'ld p:S:fiIo.'. 314 ..?t.hn? a cf`>m.t>4k'a.' a :oi , n ,N ou=:k`.'=F` m#1'R?l:f.31`_?: .kt least the .F `at p+.?doFA3>2 iZ::
~t ~~ ~ ~`;,. r ;~. ~ o- . ' M -{ '~ ~.3.~ ~Gt_.. ,~~t, l =t : 2' i:~F~:e ' r~tF. c ..:Ã. :~s3z : iL ~ ~ '~ ...~ie`=f F.~E:#~; '. `~ ~~S a i L.S3I3~1~:;S3a ~~3tY~
.~. :: '~ ,.~. st For L.'ce.FtI`_p..., li. h#"Sf p.s; i:Ã?: # 312 [sL the shtEp#.: ia:e=.~...
t `.; ~
pt\='Apiw. .<J.?.'\-'r wb'#..= .` 10 Z,an .le Ib#in4'd i)tLo a iTcx'E..in7, f31osIb: C%. other oon:[N 'iaS..o2.t.
i c.o- . aphas th';' t?. ,.;t'.+mt1 tgit3'E?I-#ghwh3C:bBsIde-aF''.+ fii},V, .
~ ilt L? T~ #:r 1 S ~ i3x? ~:f Ã..3.i?od:Ãi.fi.`.ra` .?e no i3.C'=f' thillrt i3i3C?at 60 p.l:I3 ` & nm :3#;gt.r thm#:i wbÃfb'.t 5e, llr3:i, 'i r1 a..::?i3~3t 4;3 aF.;?. or no lf3f'gL',#" ~=~'?:i~Ã'? about .?Lr gil"f across) snd;oi x3ff sr.3aHfNi' < ~i ."s ; .#L3 ti1Ti#.3~r4=f' t~i3:'xf ciE~ifÃFt ~ .~\i no :aa3t..~le?'~
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25 lo, 3. .3. :'f'. .t x `:#,eF ..z"i.ut 5:. ~F..T: across). The shape r'nmnL_3"4' } tt. g"ki`t `:ltCa: tu :?c i-F 330 , E { 1~~L#\ i%~Ew: a GS iFQS 24Yi:3~ 332 5i .. 2{ < $ ,}= )_ .?.. a 4<J.F.t:..F.~.+. .}.~t~ ~~..t.' ]t}~Y'1 l'~.~A~ ~~YKi,\-!..C#
4~1.:h,~.=Ã.. idt.u:{iL4'}.t).5 ~. .h\3\.v.~ ik`j}..i { ~ ~ .b.=c. t Sci:#? MSS~
3 Y t\
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Y ') , f~S il : t : 3 c~ ` #1. F
, of :3..a!#E FZ`s, i`t~,?t <3n? 4},35t~~t#.E:~4C?i7 350 in 342 (~:` ~~,~, z I .
~)Upon T':S ti.t F,\ i.3t)'.fkS3 a n :F:= E:aF:i . e. pro-yiF<t~,'d to the L:.;Fjxf.1hoS:::tivLz :YQF iM t t 4f by t '.e t ; M T t ; of r 1 ~' : ~~ i'~?::4? $
Ã'.a. ... . ...a F 3i ,.1 ~ ~74?t'~it:.#: 312 . Ea1L ``=", t} ~" Ã:F~=F 3~. i ~ .
s....:3e3 3 >. .-rii. 1 #:;;t:Fe .tst ~L.:::,~E?a... 3:~~~~~ ~Ls'~3,~.3d~~#':
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A. l , . ; Iti. 1113, 7=;'I,.>c the second 2)i)rÃ:Ef3n.314 rcn'r<1iF..ti #.z:x .+: Ã.:?G f,affi:.Ãt... 33i.?.
ti:: e holes Id; first p()r{tlol, " 12 cW the s}~ aaZ+;. #:ur".%m:3 Z
y?t?::y#'?w.' :.,Wr ` zc 3 10. O;)"#.z}.i,dRSa i':3.., 360 h<:d)`E;'-, a distal tip 362 (4=.g . 4i:"i?IafLEF"Ci> if) be 1610 to bore i l` o.iõ,',h i bst3`uC$ii;f'; 350;# can i?e i'#I.'Z?di:tcC.'d into the { .a.~lo~t;i=
330 i ; ` :'S.:\.Y ~ t.1 \. ~itt}.i~~~ ~4 to ` \ =~.1~,.}d t){ t f.{
l.kisvL'~5 ~~ ~ C4..~.
~ ~:.~Gn?\)i: e . : ~7. ~ a vaF.f.~ ??~ >>~ t:.~ti..' ,330, ~~'..)'w.~ 1Cf ~
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a..s :i f3 bZ'. 'mf_,. F_d1 bore t,Y ~: {f~ t i == ,Tf}1~~ 5'~: ~+')< a. `
the ,sL~i~ ` ~r .~ .. 1,>C, "+?i~C)a ~
~. , . ~ . . . _ . ~ '.i^.~#'l~iC:Ã. _i.. ...'caÃ'4~. ~i'~'?.y a~
E".. Y'cts .t,T .: t.>..., ==. \lfF<:. ib f r T¾ pus 354 Ãl `lii t .
'`....,~:.~~~~t: ~~ pass ~1{.'.~G ~ ~r~ ~,,{?[3 .t3 t# t311Ãõh i.,.S, hos1.. ,,. W <\.s:ape snSimEi?`tirp>\pmer iflÃ:~~~ tu[)<a.
~l. ~w d \e "s. ..~..\,.,v.... L.1.4'y iia > ;~ =~ `:.' ~ ` :' ;..is been c, G. .+,tr of ;=t3OR:lt.#it s3fc. Ão peI'tx3dE a . le.nt deBt:?'y de.s=ki`= to be .?. e.: ..Fa.f :~.t i`. 1i.I ~~.41i1 w.E ilar'~}lvl' iTft#~~:i~4I?t of t.i?i ?
t t l, t~3M ~3.<3~ f: 34.) ,= i`L
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r Ilt.`f s,t.`t`w.?, can be o1M.7vaL r. to change the lmm2:n Elm 4`',Meizi: 1-3n.Ef k.
t ;,if# ; `.z)t: ;.. E.,:. .t; \`.?stmE..E)t.4i'> p.iTt.cac,~ 3 54= as tl;Lt, Ã_atL=t3 FIa.,. 111 15 . LU_,a.:F. i...ei' s:g. iF 300. along vdY~~ the f.'.na[appt;ct (1bJii L1i: it._?w. pc`a.'fti,:.e4 `5'`t, R:an then ~
Ã'i:'t irt~x3: Ã')~ \';õssl i1,)~.~.,'i ~~'~[}.
;sf;s2ps :'hU i;ev:.ci.'.S Ãimm"nGd" fiem13? utilize aShap<% :~7t;mi3i~ po;,2) <:', :s,.z.hi5 polySni.s,,.. .:i'aca.e..al ti,:.it c=c'xz# bi: if) rl first Shi1peand om be e.lt à bcaÃ~ ~ b2 ~'-õ E. <-: gy aC?, as :hmti).:3 ?fT of e,:f.'t tsy '?'3 .,s2:Ã.,õaf.. .., seG=L?dib> >hapf'., Ii-l Ri3TI1e C~t.''~
is E.1c'.:'?.,).;, :a,Z g-y: :et I)Leeby s)o polymer has a il.z.`it s.isc3pE:
aià a first Ãt'') ;e:3s`-;ra:FF"c, e>I>d can be ..sr,, ..li;d t3aJs'w,.r1.t. a ts:ffC::Ã"elit. ~Ccond \hiape upon hf,.t1:Ã:ig to a .,.i certain eia,bodÃm+t;1:s5s Ãhe i71kitF.:.'iiEl {:..?.4? further <3s:umke .
a zr.3.erx`'z shape `.pt)..,, to a tMrL> t4mpeY~~awre_E).i4k?'i.~ emm thl..st.C.i1nd ÃC.'L?.fptifatw,ci:".
;Sf..l 1~.~i {..~);~:i:~tL\fi:':~5+.;iss~a be .{):a.t oi`'~.3 :`La~Ã~f~C.L:, Z).. a fZ:Z),'~.~~~Ã~::Y x.) f ,~,:e['.~:ti.s s~l?~~1.:) ,. .
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.r ra3::>,.i.frws of these PO: Y?--nf.;,:s. hn some embC7dtmeI'.itsz the pt`'iL-me. #e ",.2tw,orf.al a t,.Ai~>i.: ; t t Z. .} Y <~~~t \.ar ~~*4F iZ~i)~''~ < \k..F3'~ ft3l~:3~.I3 ~:=.`~i3C."Y'...~ t7e ' 1G;.~3 2 ==;~S c1~t.. ~ w i. :.ivcS.~ derivatives ., ~~ .
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?q:xY,",Xd:1dLti pi<` ' L='si?`bt.3n,,,.L'.4 pi'?'v'i?d'thZ?F'.Stri's..
Ã?<?l1 acCiE L.s--> p s ! `l'g'LC A.<F3('~M, 'o.,t 5:.,? 5.`fo 1 ' ,..of:im QS, 41.RF33.:S('t:'.`~i; d 1.'=d A=`ah}'e;i or i1::i xt.#ri.s of these pLI Z'niVr`. M, C'r: ~ z ,.?i =L:.,.~,{ .3;4 p5i>yta:C,Ã:%i: Ã??.c#ti'?"Ii3e 1:3c-lLliaes mixtures of natural and : 4i1#E.kS t.:c :? a 1 ytm <.,~ .,t 4 i'Ã`:.4 +^ x2:'i c.i..c::?ls, !E?C::
podymGn4.`=:~i.'<..L...al.sc.#.}s\ ,h..\<"d, 3 i: ;, <:?us can L.i".imp`.',., sL:leLud fÃC,na pfkly.i3C)ibt ii;:8:no..
r-z #jt~ ~L`.= .~3. e,,~.:~ dt~,}`~'; j'3cdZ._:?e` ~`_ ~~it?3i4, Al~.Ãl~=tr}"L'l(10..Ãc:r:r~C. '~_~}~~4s) ~~;:' t"~ Y`?i i#.i,'r..~
= _ ~:ilt~.. 3~ .~'~: <.
Xrfs:'=.r , ~.?.>~%'.i: 6lLbe::'n '~ it?1~`.~`~1`3.:~~
:C.iu~i.L':?~~tPl't~'=#~~~?lifr.fiiii.'="~i~ '2) Zt~1C~(v?;.':.~s S?~'t%?~f"~~
~4=, t, ,dt:nds ?,. 11 l,,'s.cVi?'Vi) : `p:?3 :,#ethyl1 ni:1ha c;'y~ate à PNAANMi.
s`ai`iz:'Ã1e ~tlti I*C3~;~L>1C:, bIw'#;'a&,~+. f>f pi3lS>i.ap;f?lt,tLtt?,.#L. .a:3d ~l1e first '~i:~.ti~9c t~ie#1~'E, is about xi?z?:71 i a:
f>.'fi~n , };3 .. 15 W to about 25 C or Ex'i?;.il abCFw 18 T' to about 21 'C"
f, t110 RG,t,M
#...>3~.c...L+:~ . .#i i?Ã about .` . t~_, to about 55 co~ S~ ~=. f~~Ã~#`z#i ~~i.Y=1?~t:t 42 ?~~ ~ti :'e~`.tc:.~~ 50 f' ? ' . ;Ã`
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25Z+AN,s) to about 500,000 F?x more, e~g. i:om t,bo43t 500, 00$#;" E,F about D
INIIIW" Sha~~e Memory Pc~~ymers n}, ~.\Y .ib?,",~SJ<r iZ1t3:a}tV 2~~'. iiwe shape SSiVY2S1~'.Fypoiyi.i?4.A
j'L2 cap.s~b =.:i, Ut,..k:. `.
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p can '3l;~~? bc i.FSo i>i.
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tiil= i.E?32L#~.IL.:T S= .a~ LF . ~~c3::~ ~E.C
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~I`i.:o,a &i?n'z .#lU ~,eco,d sh#.3pe to the third 41ape, c.,g. a locked ;,YJ# ,.:1~~, j[~=.#.` "\t w1,.EV ?xtJ~.:~-7~~ cSia..Yn6s for R?nL4#tuIS.ii,:a} is.\!#d ltt`jt`'==.
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cs..#.....,#~,1~ i w: . ~.Ã.i??:.Z... .;z'i. {s- ,?~'IZ~`t~il~,'. ~
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block C:=i?poly7e:9i..tsõ and blLt=a':Ci.s-<t: b...,?'t di..,.c..:?bLod by Latlgi'.1:, U.S. PcfwTiE Nos. aS,..:
, 20k0.' ..nd in <~. .z Ten;] >g i: S. A~?~~.~xic<tt)ot.~ Scri,.., 10. 11 M:,'' 2% Med t3:t De::..
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FoF' e:Y...,:3p;e, i.,:,e cE3;,z:;.c,I4 e 2c ti >-.. in 4:...>o c;I:i:?oCd.#F..S;k7.~'~`.
ri.'f_:'fyl'v_y GjeE,..t. n`i+`_`.~al L=flf:$"i?y .? aafa CC F::vei'tk `L}?i .t \ ia ;: ...4 t;ilsj4 is i;t>.1d1idJd 10 t:?e ..i3'c=:pf,:'#nw1 o"y ;-e.Flc`F,3o ....:3d 14'1hii::h t g .Fil:: ...` ..~:~:: st,`.,?i.= ;.~l~:ti3~'t ~.?.si:\~:i:ifl"?cItE:1"1i~i, :? , a?:', c.?..ldi:#fy.3vfw li3 v<#` ?ndzFd's one Eu I11t3To E:=C?I]dudEt q l-i?r ext3.i3Fp3e, ~
L,,~.~~:#;4 c i. i ~.#.k. ,h`4`i`"lu:Zy L:C3#?dl.a( i.vt:`, Jn'tS.tC':.4. Ii-, s13A:`i`r.'... 4i Fai.Y+ExdF.mvF.ts,; '#:-it;:
:'I'.+<3m6's?l is not a shape .na:.mC7T'y lI3 atS.i'ia3 FFls~.ft33 =,`i1 .3s'=F't. ia.i,~ilc, .r..:Se;nple:I;' +
i#c.. . . 1307 , nf ra3;. gFa.i ;_Ft a;' gC~ld,. 4 ~vm, platinum, t~`s#.`wst:.>i. a3 tE, :^(#r s.,.#.:;.F
li.Ot.k.i4, earbi~:?ii, a,.id C..t:},.Ziu=L::LI've inks. fIicb,1t:1;}
vmb'L.1mL=niti, the F~ c,~;k. {? , ~i\'.rai i t't.eF' f;3.; i\ aE. ~ "~ a21i3F`` ~.~1i3~~.
f.~3a3~dt .. ~~ 1. , ;.1 .~3S t#.._., 3 F:F7::
~~.,_t.,.iC.. t i:= }. L#` ~=.~. i ;~
=r is ~L.''i ~ a; sõ1r f \, i"i ~~ ~!~~?~ >~~ so as t(?'ni3ill~o~l7,s ~\-gr!tv, t= i} ,hwJ`s $t1L`=
~~ac3~. 4 xti~ i~ii~`~:
=.~-~P t2.:Ci. t;,i f f?
,'Ã3 `= ~ ?..# `.~:' 4 is Lf;::3p:.et.: changes shz3pe. In 5<`.Fne en-Fbc.?dimet?Fti, `::1\. E:=f;-nd"..t l.i'4e.
"!.. se,.efv: ,-?m?rtii.?:E?h of the s}.?aipc 1:1oyF3ibF'y pt?ly# 3er ts,3 activate w.?~ tb'r.a.t'!
.Oj' ': f1> .ho sh#.pik: .Flf,:#?o` \ QyFr>i:=r (c.&, to activate no n,or~:=
than .,i.`>i.'F....
õ AT 305), a?: 10 tflht shape A.ii,'t;1C?I'c ptJ:ya'F';,m' sl.+:-v-c).
+i,i.iti, the ~~Z?, )d.#G.;ve ...i. .j à . . . 'I'i $L.w`:~ .>~I:F#~ 1' S. t~~.f_ h k +,..3~Fti~.n r~.\ty ~
~ti:=\<,; ~ f ~ k'.11,<i.a.. e.:,~ `i _ ~ ,t , ~i,a.,. ,.?: 3\ ~ ~ t z ~.
k i ~tf . ~ t, c > iE r ~=' t ,, ~t ~ ( .)ES .E, ) ..,k~ :r LE; t7, Efl 1t~. ?r) of the shape >2zzIYf`i"~`
~3~;, p?'l+. F is #..S:Ckng-o` Shil;?C.:
Mediods of ~~ aking i.i'. s,r.c?, ;~3~.F:.i4?#"\ ~ f3#~`1..3L-f'~'.`~.tii?~~'`ut-F~.`a t~L,~C=
F~?#:i~ herein ~:,.t, ~3~: }f ...3'te 3S' a a,,,~~vo 1? i.:f:=l.s,#.:li;~liuJ, F""i?r Sõ`:<1:T:E~~.C:, ~S:I~L= SMP sti-3,lctiirC.t can bG hoii..eif by tx: Nw, dFifJ d#ngg - ci? FtT~'lZ:I~ig t~3S.t'aa35S,.~~:?# õ:SiÃI~?, F f., i:l c #..ki ?xF .`~~}i , t..4a ti,ds] F . I't?TF3:F.d b' IcitiS.;`i ilbli1tzs3n s;F` b' ;t?Yi:::ng ti3t. <$ pc`>bu?C:;
#., .h~,, ttiii}> 3s .3.t:si:'I.`.fõtlbrL as t:lQ'St-nuotL1XC31s TFIE)lQ~:C.`d. WiwFzfl"#.d..'. 1taiF:(;t#.F#e =? <:':r~ r.o be of . 4i.#~.~xf:~t . ~ : i::' \ f?t:1~:2' f~Z.i ~ aZ7#::t= =~, the device ~:}3~. can c be ti: ?.~3~~ tl, ~i,.3 r ~ Zs ~ :3y ak?~, a~ t ~`::~ .`. :.~.. ~3., a t ~?<~, : . , = .:: 3i s, or c~:~~~'i'~.~j# a::i#.'9 ~3~: ~`#of.~ b~y attaching a si.:sip : A~~4-n3~ Ã Y
to a poõ#t; ; of a i;o. ic+,.. a,S _.# as a t:i:f.thf'.k+.r, d:.Q by idllvs?w or wel? :lg, such iAs b~rirt 3v2:.t.di:>:-.
:.3.:: :.\?ndi.Ei:=,# ri.- '3i:iy . \:;.i.l tiFi:so be`s.:pp3iL=d i.~?y c'Fv,.wiF.Ey i!f teS .i itipr4, :iio4h ~, e~ s~,'~:i # ,. ,:E. .ii>s t ;:il I~i3, ~:~'w'?i:'tF'i:~~3lc~t1i.~.~, f,.~t',~,#siutf:i; sA'~ ..~4 :F~.t ;::i ~.
2 .f ..i, .~.: , . .- ~-r\ ~ a,l.f:3? i :., tt..\ , r~iIs. * ~ 3 ~ ~~"%i ~7tt4~; ~ ui 1.i3~ ~t5 ~s~. .
; 4ii : .:~tv,# '~ ? # ty~ ?~` f_f?' ,~.F.: ~?'? 1$~iti> <. .i~:Li<o ~]:.?I-~ ~3al~~l:F ~4 ~x a.irm;` `d p;kF'.s .+. th4 :,lt:ei E^ c;>iL``aA3't' d7_I'(#i.Egh tht.
<]j:3pU<:i:tds:3i1 of m3+,.L3 b+:'-ild.*. The t i ..~ Et~ t ~i ~ ~ i~ F 4 fC3~ ;.3~A i~~ ~.`ri14.=F nt? ~~ ~.\~i l,~a~~vl 4'i,, ~f.`= : s +33 :4 ~E ~t? ~f ~~uf ~~'~- 'tF$ ~.ta.. t: ~ +
i.`>
`.A$F..~ :E.t v. .> il.,i...k'1'f~ ~.~I~.Sa.;'''::[~ ~#i.<~'#?= ,.vi~ shapes of the structure. I11 certain ~t.I2F~:?<2C~#`x?3i?f.it,'`'s.
f.>e a t? 3.),,,t:=t#` t. h~~rC:F has i'(Y?Z.d'"~;xF'C~zS :lr'~.3E;iw or ~.ft~a t,~' '. ''-~?ll[s 1E! i;tyt~)t ~ ~ 1Y 2\ . ~]4(A~.`V.'1.
.,;:I,. ." 7 2#?d.;? .I:i.y of the c(5F?lF.IC:1,ve lr:eyei'.
~:?>a~Yt?t.~?3.'.?C.isr;?7..aFl L.'=$L=otF tead fiontact .J l59catC.di.:-F or Z1-...t=3o '~=t;:i?~i..~.={.a.'.~'x=
..
#;t ( to . (:i;) ,..r S ~' :iY 'i~F i3i3 s.F`i-..i::~~ '~C)l#.T~~Z:. ,~F7. 1~.~.I(F
~ F:~l <F.1~+ . s?v?zi.. the ~- ): . ti. 'L ~}~, i=`..~`.i' r i~ < c v<)at:iii( is r.s.3??~,..:3F:(i;F .:#~..t.e n'~, the rii~i~'Z:
C:.f?a~Ii.F~.3fY lis I#;E~~.I'vt?$1~11,~.~.~:=C~ to ~ ~. layer 0` t g , y {i~ :t~i s.`?rle so.4z fcZ ';.3.`mL41(i1.1t th~.' s:'okiduct;t= e 1111,aYr`.... 1"3'.~'. sdF rgl'i.` t';f'c`ic?.1c F:vz;F'.
''`' r<> õ=. '.L~It)~3.' ~ , õ Y"
<~3 ~` 1 ~` 1..i #'g.r?+. and i3C~.l x c.r.: F.:I~.tl.lg?~r.= st.s of t~]E.
'~~~'s..~?t: #1?C:=.i?WC}~' ~:r~)ly x ~.~i,;:?'. ~.:z If...#lE?lfle i.#.F?i.,.t?.,].IIeai..d iS4::Cie.Fctiix ls_:y4õ .I. can be uffl#z..t., r3n ck':J.: oSf4. tl. 4.:~.4.i. to si:pG?r:.Ft<:=lye'F10-rLFize l::.i..6,.la s2:=f-t.fii#.. T.?c v..ii??l.Euv. F v4' ~ .._ ..x.3. ,?.,.sE> be :?1S..dm?,.'E (t. ;`' , Wha Ilt}ll C?F#i~~i~~#'M`4 ~
t Y~ I2IC_I" t?# ~."#'<?oaFl~"Si$0:.=r) to <
it ai,n, e..c;x le;4w ti:? bL s...lwLtI~vly m7erk,'izm iI, L:C" t..d..A] a',mbE?l:3.vnu, t..ifwti:(11:1dtFC:d4'f.. layer can $t?caF;#dc .??f ,i:'#,t C=~St':t: !~:~ s Y 7 ,t 3 The .#r i:?~ i].. t,._ degrees of .'=(~SA#13F:#i;:~C~#?rFt~`. =.2i3?'.ik~~i.t a?aa.#:~:i3..s:~ f:~i:iii ~,v . . .. . .4.~ .w. 4. (dpp.i;-''.(.. ph?kda:;.iti t3iir:} .. s...iape rnomt?#''>' pt)iyl ieI' and be o#. , c,' Z 't cm`t F?(';>t .ollt one :F;<Jw 7;._ to d#_G t#.fti..F`n<#.rtf. FIesFwIlal. 1.F #.t F~t )z #tw `a2k2i<:
.<`: oxcd ;?.a'. ..1 w: {:#,.e..>#.i: s Z"~~"IcLs t?: 1+õ~rsi a-#?i..`., [F?-1.l t??.#.~i difl+.'<i'eFxt . u:e:L.'s of 1-.:w:3I.3x#:g i#. .. r t.F3:;. _ v;::ki.i be pL`L>v?.iki3 aFyF3:4i?'1gi3:.'.t.l6..Z.iF=F.3dC; Rir a poF:3;,Ft,..~ of tzme x-i~ti`t..C:nt 20 =',r .'.,. . ~c~ra 7`cs.lC~ s.?r` one ? .Z . g i. 1A.sf ,, i2~:.:;` ,s..
.~,sC.l'l~ .:~F~ ~fA...s .+.d .~L..;..F.~. t.'1~ ~~.(::s}S. #:F~?.F:?~ .\=' 2-.w?471^<:.`.F= Cl~'`~:~'1 t~~ Zx-~F. a..)..h .?.1:' fj s~..?-,3e w.Ui,1i;}~"4 py~; ,?.> ~vF..I=l#1i~; by ~ ~~L' t:i#F
Sf:~t:~l~?i.~.: ~.`~ C~I?d~.FE~t3~=``v Tb; =I3tv .#... _.;#k. Y.t., overlaid #".. .. ~:<) =J:fw44~1cG= :wi.~..i.}21?~~~.
rJ?1.y re\(td.:S\ moIetF.)lF4 .f'.L.+.Lcdn a sahidVlkl(?Val tr)iit.t! \ate the s's t y }~ 4 F
fi, ;'tv-c. 3~~:F.s. a .~~t . ~ ~?:i~~~'F. t.~~#:.#2?fsi+ #::i.{.I?. 3?~:
s~t#.~#F~#'I.:~~~:+.F2. ...?:~: i.F\f- .ja. `..I4 d i3f.'.e.i:t ,.m..t..;#(<;hs Lal.>I).EF"v =b1 ~~irt:z, fo#.tr, t'#vdw'' 01wC>ri stage 5h..pÃ: ~ ;<` 3~f.G=~.
,_ e>?3.>31?dil:3`IS :t`,: i.hi.. shape F7i4$'?-toi''y polymers >3.ri:', i?14..o t`.3s3n,.t..=d. into 0 inC.d?i ?. t.ev%t t L'.=.g, ..F#i, z-nk;de uIF.1i.I?"y with j)Tt.b,xItit.Fng medical ds i 3.-.+.;4. .`ISI' E tc..F'x?Pi:':=a a i L.Fz..-:fi .~.r 4::.i:#. I:;. s . I3at~z?.i~7k`1F3ii.~L'=~.9 1F?to f.llc i.'.c3:}tt'ti:Ã'il#c.i.Flw`. ft'~ OfiF
..ca#.is.;:.#`...ld 1#-õ-.; sh.IpQ .'li:m=ti.Iy pE?ly#11C:1"hk?ill:3,,'~.;=4:t'E3:1dfzcfive ic?cor c:'`(3 #eig less t.>.F#i 10011 of d.<z shape roeI 3oz'y PoiZ`i3'I`v,7` :i.#:3Ea th-u\ capable t?: aS:M:#v..tz.;{y r.`~~ th:3:t?
30 10011 #;,,cF.`(?:~ "x;ft'.i7Fer. IIl sL?li?e eYl`#iL3<)dll:?:t;:Izts. .,hw h.#apo õ : +
,C~t~:l, .~a ..?..a: = :~ t-i;.~i ' .t.., ').lt.,?: `u~~c.-.~..:Ff. a.t:,Y :E.L. `.a.?:~~. ..`s #l~:l;tka`~tk.3#'~.~.E,Z~. 3.i-#~~:i? C.Lri~:t,i, \Y ~ P,~ F:<?~~Fi.,L=#` E1ds. ' ~'( ( ~' . =#i.:tfC.Ã` and an outer a t;i')I ~ G#?i3 f o an ~ f . F. ~:
.:(: .... i:i.:
hi:1~~:F?'=.
z~
.laZ%e been de:i3:#bi:C3t. :;1.q t.lsf.` ÃnR'i`n t'}i.t#.s not N~?
~. ~Wr.`d.
#..-l s<.#`n.s 2"?#.n1`: n#S havfi2g mt>d'i:.~ li0.#; one discrete S~~4a1 'pii: ?m?
b. .~.: <i: ,=lt.it Y#t..>4'~. li#Vw' iht=d'e+.)n :hE% t:o?'1dE3.a1vG= I 14`r . S G:tF-i c.?f:h h.c,i c= f:3 3q ?e3:di:iw, w#`_C's c.lhi3Ghod to $l1cIii to p? o-,.'`#de the energy fE?z 4Ei iic= c!Ã:in~
~
- '~YV =~' , ~ .. t Z. y: = .. ;n. ,i,.a. i7.i 31s =:. 4 : #s 9~ , .a`.r`:~as over s3 ~,R~,<:~l the Ãt)i1C~taS ~.'~..'c{ w,titi L~ . a:al~~ : ,:~ i~C ~ : Z
~ ; ~: ~, .~..#~.#y~~.. conductive lc] )'t?~i L:ilil ~'?i'. 11itS:t't=C)22?'xLdt,d by d1#.n s:I?i?s of ....`t.d ut.h võ ::?t 4r s#."tr.... that a A:1We ;Hd i:3l- wires can ons.r gizL .T:E.#.bp.e ',:::;`I3dt#t::d:i= o Iayi>x:l's;
;` y of sw kst . .:.~` ;;.::}litra3;~t~'is described above ~:. iI'#.ÃiE.i~,~
.31;?~.5, {:~
tt d~?' ~, ~~hi'.:t# the 3z:lei:;lhmkSm is .i">? a 3F;'s:kcd {=E~ 3~t x ~: ~.?; i's.
permit onC. `c.d:: of B{:. `.ilfi:Lvta to the other. Alte:ni3c.#.fiv#,'iy or add.i#:.}n<F.:l4:tbe \I4GV4~s ~i+`~ I~~Z. L.~ i ~~ ?'::~3~~t1;I~i?+:~ to expand ~ ) #p~~%~?.fY-~
v`V..':I'~.`+..;'r5t~;x. i`t`:..;..
:x 1~ i ... ~~ i''l ie.cof,. .C.t}v# `~.~ l..ie"a .l i...::'_+'L~~.- other lt}6.:wH..'dns for i.ili#.Lk ba J}a.3ss.
: ~? : ,tt~.~'.r.`. +~~.ci:,]~~?i+.. ~+:~:i~~: #ti. 4i.~t~i7G~
{:%Tl~)L?Ã~z~2::~:i~~4 ~~1~. S~~~i~w= `. . ;`t?I ti ~3?J 4'T~.t:??' .".3' 7"l'JG:1';iL crCl.:.o ~ '' sL<%t;l>`$? ~''+.~t 31' Ã _ ~I . #.`i 4;.
:~. =
e e,.. ~~: c... >.
..'ti,l3sErsi. i.aEyis we{'.=ti..3n. is IeoYl c1rt:'.{#.lar. Fi3. e.k~~~ ~?.
:.: tho SN:112 afi a :}t, a,..h~ ~`?.cs?i ` ~ g ~ +,.~' A~ 1l;.gS.ti.#.ln E.,~. t) . squi:rt.
t`E1.TSZ1`il, ~' G ~ <3?~`E?I?..a or E.s.:,~ ~, ~L~t~ti . ~::
~
caa~NlT-~at Y..r ~.,.35 a~ ~ k.{,:ti t tIw >4=sC. a; r ~;.L.Z4:~ tÃ.t:~; ''~
t.i'#. t=.~. ..~s:: r ils..~#Z=~i_#~:~:=C.
k _: ?~2= _l~. s: #1.a..~. ~' ~3~L`'.~~. <1#Ti:'.~=.
30 z,+ad3.JiY ?ft',:c sa.ti?i.`4 .7n.:~z#.oiy :?fr"xI1-me#`,,Af,.ti:t.:ffGÃ:#3#:1 be nw? L#`.c1.1?c2t'e~~:;~~t?GA.`=> or .S. tl-l+: wall of the 5h:1pe'r#?enl?}-rZ }rtE.ily;.?LF
a3 some canbodl.lfnG.IIt.`.+: x,.#.e wall fl.+..il:d4ds ..i?O'.$. :h:#'#I t!I-w >oa a a#t. f#ii,:31'2~~.
;si yei ?' .4 i`.=e .#,ti;
i~ .'?l?õ somi` =i.?,.itsk:f os have been O1owil 11-lf-it ti,.i3nc,..an:.
, ~
< n ;~-e:~a...~~,~i ~y, a~; s; tE.~, ei'?#:~tji.I1ts: t~3+~. wall t~~.iCk#1i.Ss:iS
I?. ., wC. 1r;: i, f_mp1'fri4?U.a. lateral flexibility :~ i31 t :~.i`'.=
. .., .
.
tiii'[#a#. #., ti;:to be cas.aivio-S3" dlrC?{7.;õF~~i l1.i1tAG::I]w 'u.?#3d4u.~ifics, 4iih h"~Om < i .<i:~~~. a : +i ~ Sr t#"~ ?ci:'z f:;a'.:r ;' {1`'I. ~ i :i~ :.3:. :~~?:.:'t~ '~..~.+õt~aa4-~ xs shown 43~%ii ~.~ Ci~ , ~~~ ` .a,:'..~
a '~;b#l .iicka}est, in t}1L wall ?liti.kne:?s is ira.z~;~Verse'Ay nm''.-Qc<iIs';Ya:'t#..
kv..3..is_ the ih,zp{ ft s.nE? `o' po:y-2naa.r Umt are d:.sE'I'{bE:d c3;?ovG.
...;"L', it,..ivaoil by ilennal i.i 4,T :; 4+..i.t?z#i G;#;,?(?{~iI`biCl{L~5 i?i}.1c-r forms of iaf::t' y; 3= g ho?Ã !`_`nati'+, ~Gli#
i?;) ,'L ; the :3 , l,~`?s `:3.`l?~~~Z' ~`?fll~~i~:L~'. ~'~k 3`i'"1~5;: 4..#.y3F is .~.i, ~:i:ls<., ~.~~:
l<3Z,. `3'::~I ctind4..crt ti-xi, aI.+:.rnY1tr,'. k}"rIi-i of o1,Lt.Ã;`~ (?r w.I z L..zrF.\&.;T: wu~w y p_>7 i 1<I a x.3 :.~.~. t'i1i?ii at tt vv ?yQ3` 13'ECl the i}i.tematf' fi3}'131 o;'e #qgZ' 'A _?:{o d>i:= Al_.Pe nie3iÃ?rti' po, yint:r-coi1ti3.1n1n'w? dlS.:F:I3i,Ã,ts il;:v. ?cL="I) described zs s.t.+,voS, `.}fC sf? } t?:: `~?~?. s?`~;.,`_ ~
polymer ?E' 1?i tt2'G ~:E 3 ` a3t ?A :~:, i l4~:L and .~i " need not 7t_ 2~; '~a +.. t3z, k`' , r~
4a .~ l t`:~?F: e~? }r t?: i3 Sy i ;e%C, 3i s3-:q?L` :F'i'I1 z7. i' p I' ::7?i'7 structure can .E~i;-Juds: one or ill.ol# pon`io.1s is:33 1i;t:<
C ' .V.^,{ .< ,Z, sides c" )m. ~ie ~ ~ Y Yw'~ :~~.e,:st : t .~<iv~Ãa,; a C.~_.;>>.Ãv~li~fa layer. For +:'ilIir~:C:, ..~:~ ~?:~~.~ ..a,Ef`=#t.0(A. as .4. ._ iouQ K fffl?Z.f~s .,..ii Y : . Ã.`;4= ~ icteT:i d`a'scdbe~.'1 above) can t:%Ive a ``:n: , 1a;3.. 4ibi3i.`-v`d Y
0 1r ..?.. , . r s. o>.d..Ã..I; t li3yf ,, <.:;ld a sei:t?F?d. E3,pt sislg side coated with a w4.c,.`#-..d i. ~ .~ .~"'.a~.h`,. .L ~~' T~,~{+.. .i..~;~ ?t'r. sLci~$~.~~4:
c(?J?tE:iLSG.~~Z~;" l::b~1~f-~rs i;~i2..~ ~1r:~ :+~..lLk:t.i~~~i.:`a i~4~t.4 x..~.~s.i:
~: C ~.. ~.... .a. .. , to >_j#:l:[`g..t,?v SM: wtlt_.i,u:`4. .I':iEll a first RhiS:pc to a second shape, ,l.#.., b{3<.k i`.'fs,m tk, . ~ con'i \hc.}ie to the k:>t shape.
c tr t C".,.i: f.:~~.;k,.: C':~ix?.~f .~.E;.~"i.~...x:? <~.~ti+ ~'~='.pi:4~i~~i~
L~nf:: :1~%7,~~)t<~ ~?~ Lw~.i; a;i3?i7w ng:ifa.i![`.
2i)
Claims (29)
1. A medical device comprising:
a shape memory polymer; and a conductive material on at least portion of the shape memory polymer wherein the conductive material is not a shape memory material.
a shape memory polymer; and a conductive material on at least portion of the shape memory polymer wherein the conductive material is not a shape memory material.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the conductive material is configured to activate less than 100% of the shape memory polymer.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein the conductive material is configured to activate less than 50% of the shape memory polymer.
4. The device of claim 1, wherein the conductive material extends along an entire length of the shape memory polymer.
5. The device of claim 1, wherein the conductive material extends around a perimeter of a structure comprising the shape memory polymer.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein conductive material is selected from the group consisting of metals, alloys, ceramics, and praphite.
7. The device of claim 1, wherein the conductive material is selected from the group consisting of gold, silver, platinum, tungsten, stainless steel, an alloy of gold, an alloy of silver, an alloy of platinum, an alloy of tungsten, and combinations thereof.
8. The device of claim 1, wherein the shape memory polymer comprises a polymer that is selected from the group consisting of natural polymers, zein, casein gelatin, gluten, serum albumin, collagen, polysaccharides, polyhyaluronic acid, poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate)s, alginate, dextran, cellulose, collagen, synthetic polymers, chemical derivatives of collagen, chemical derivatives of cellulose, polyphosphazenes, poly(vinyl alcohols), polyamides, polyacrylates, polyalkylenes, polyacrylamides, polyalkylene glycols, polyalkylene oxides, polyalkylene terphthalates, polyvinyl ethers, polyvinyl esters, polyvinyl halides, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyesters, degradable polymers, polyester amides, polyanhydrides, polycarbonates, polyorthoesters, polylactides, polyglycolides, polysiloxanes, polyurethanes, cellulose derivatives, and mixtures thereof.
9. The device of claim 1, wherein the shape memory polymer comprises a polymer that is selected from the group consisting of polynorbornene, polycaprolactone, polyenes, nylons, polycyclooctene (PCO), blends of PCO and styrene-butadiene rubber, polyvinyl acetate/polyvinylidinefluoride (PVAc/PVDF), blends of PVAc/PVDF/polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA), polyurethanes, styrene-butadiene copolymers, polyethylene, trans-isoprene, blends of polycaprolactone and n-butylacrylate, and blends thereof.
10. The device of claim 1, wherein the shape memory polymer comprises polycyclooctene.
11.The device of claim 1, wherein the shape memory polymer has a first glass transition temperature of less than 100°C.
12. The device of claim 11, wherein the shape memory polymer has a second glass transition temperature that is lower than the first glass transition temperature.
13. The device of claim 12, wherein the second glass transition temperature is at least about 10°C less than the first glass transition temperature.
14. The device of claim 11 wherein the second glass transition temperature is between about 37°C and about 55°c and the second glass transition temperature is between about 15°C to about 25°C.
15. The device of claim 1, wherein the shape memory polymer comprises a first portion, a second portion longitudinally adjacent the first portion, and a third portion longitudinally adjacent the second portion, wherein the conductive material is on the second portion only.
16. The device of claim 1, wherein the shape memory polymer comprises a first portion, a second portion longitudinally adjacent the first portion, and a third portion longitudinally adjacent the second portion, wherein the conductive material is on the first portion, the third portion, and a strip between the first and third portions.
17. The device of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the shape memory polymer is substantially circular in transverse cross-section at a first temperature and non-circular in transverse cross-section at a second temperature.
18. The device of claim 1, further comprising a conductor connected to the conductive material.
19. The device of claim 1, wherein the shape memory polymer has a first surface and a second surface, and the conductive material is on the first and second surfaces.
20. A catheter having a distal portion comprising a shape memory polymer and a conductive material on at least a portion of a surface of the shape memory polymer.
21. The catheter of claim 20, wherein the shape memory polymer is configured to change the distal portion of the catheter to a first shape at a first predetermined temperature.
22.The catheter of claim 21, wherein the shape memory polymer is configured to change the distal portion of the catheter to a second shape different than the first shape at a second predetermined temperature.
23. The catheter of claim 20, wherein the conductive material overlays a segment of the shape memory polymer that extends longitudinally along the catheter and extends circumferentially around only a portion of the catheter.
24. The catheter of claim 23, wherein the conductive material extends circumferentially around no more than 50% of the catheter.
25. The catheter of claim 20, wherein the shape memory polymer is coated onto a surface of the distal portion of the catheter.
26. The catheter of claim 23, wherein the shape memory polymer is configured to be substantially straight longitudinally at a first temperature and fold into corrugations at a second temperature.
27. A catheter comprising:
an outer member;
an inner member; and a structure located between the outer and inner members, the structure comprising a shape memory polymer and a conductive material on the shape memory polymer.
an outer member;
an inner member; and a structure located between the outer and inner members, the structure comprising a shape memory polymer and a conductive material on the shape memory polymer.
28. The catheter of claim 27, wherein the structure is configured to be spaced from one of the outer member or the inner member at a first temperature, and to contact both the inner and outer members at a second temperature.
29. The catheter of claim 27, wherein the conductive member is connected to a conductor.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/403,615 | 2006-04-13 | ||
US11/403,615 US8034046B2 (en) | 2006-04-13 | 2006-04-13 | Medical devices including shape memory materials |
PCT/US2007/066215 WO2007121131A2 (en) | 2006-04-13 | 2007-04-09 | Medical devices including shape memory materials |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CA2659888A1 true CA2659888A1 (en) | 2007-10-25 |
Family
ID=38535373
Family Applications (1)
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CA002659888A Abandoned CA2659888A1 (en) | 2006-04-13 | 2007-04-09 | Medical devices including shape memory materials |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (2) | US8034046B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2012860B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2009533174A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2659888A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007121131A2 (en) |
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-
2007
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- 2007-04-09 CA CA002659888A patent/CA2659888A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-04-09 EP EP07760304.1A patent/EP2012860B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-04-09 JP JP2009505559A patent/JP2009533174A/en active Pending
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2011
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US20070244550A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 |
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WO2007121131A2 (en) | 2007-10-25 |
US8034046B2 (en) | 2011-10-11 |
EP2012860A2 (en) | 2009-01-14 |
WO2007121131A3 (en) | 2007-12-06 |
US20120035592A1 (en) | 2012-02-09 |
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