Sir Isaac Newton's Two Treatises: Of the Quadrature of Curves, and Analysis by Equations of an Infinite Number of Terms, Explained: Containing the Treatises Themselves, Translated Into English, with a Large Commentary: in which the Demonstrations are Supplied where Wanting, the Doctrine Illustrated, and the Whole Accommodated to the Capacities of Beginners, for Whom it is Chiefly Designed

Front Cover
J. Bettenham, at the expence of the Society, 1745 - Calculus - 479 pages
 

Contents

Prob To find fuch Curves as can be fquared Art
22
A Table of the more fimple Kind of Curves that may be compared with
25
The Reduction of Radicals into infinite Series by extraction of Roots
32
Prop 8 Th If in the Ordinate of any Curve zºº R² suu
37
Circular and Hyperbolical Segments compared Art
38
If any flowing Quantities whatfoever be always equal their Fluxions
40
Innumerable Curves found whofe Areas are equal among them
41
What Uſes the Authors Binomial Theorem ferves for Art
44
The Cubature of Solids and plaining of Curve Surfaces founded there
46
A Curve the Relation of whofe Abfcifs and Ordinate is
48
The Rule for the Quadrature of fimple Curves thence deduced and
52
The Series for the curvilinear Area or Fluent found by Help of
56
SECT II
61
The Operation for extracting the Roots of affected numeral Equations
62
How the Seriess of Curves of the firſt Tab may be continued in
64
Th What Relation the Areas of Curves have which con
65
SECT III
68
Theſe Fluxions expounded by the Ordinates of Curves Art
71
The firſt Cafe in which x is fuppofed very ſmall chiefly infifted upon
74
The Inveſtigation and Demonftration of the Rule for finding the Fluxion
75
Explication of the Authors Method of extracting the Roots of literal
80
Every Fluent collected from a firft Fluxion may be augmented or
82
The Rules for finding the Fluxions of fractional and furd Quantities
84
An Enumeration of general Problems whofe Solution is derived from
100
That Prop illuſtrated by ſeveral Examples Art
107
Some Lemmas ferving to demonftrate feveral Things contained in
119
How the Ordinate of a Curve is expreffed in two different Forms
127
The Cafe of a Curve whofe Ordinate is a rational irreducible Fraction
136
A further Limitation in this Cafe befides that mentioned by the Author
140
That the Roots of Equations including two unknown variable Quanti
145
Hence the Areas of all Curves in which the Relation of the Abfcifs
146
Some Obfervations for facilitating the Bufinefs of Quadratures Art
152
When it is a pofitive Fraction Art
158
Rule for finding when Curves of this Clafs xeƒ½¹¹
162
What further remains with reſpect to the Application of this Analyfis
165
Conclufion
166
SECT
174
That the Area found by the Method of Quadratures fometimes lies
181
64 Quadrature of Curves Page
185
Contents of the Explication of the Quadrature of Curves
186
How to find the Area adjacent to any given Part of the Bafe Art
187
Demonftration of Prop 6 Quad of Curves Page
194
The fame Thing demonftrated in another Way Art 330
235
Quad of Curves and its Corollaries explained and illuftrated
242
How the Areas of Spirals may be found Art 335
244
explained Art
252
Some Lemmas relating to Motion Art 22
254
What to be done when the Equation defining the Relation of
258
Demonſtration of the Quadrature of Curves belonging to Form 3 Tab 1
264
That no Curve whofe Ordinate is fuch a Fraction and involves in
265
Explication
272
How the Series of Curves belonging to Form 1 may be carried on
275
Demonſtration of the Quadrature of Curves belonging to Species 2
281
3 With Reſpect to the Proportions and Limitations of theſe Quantities
287
What to be done when the numeral Indexes 7 0 become negative
314
Examples by the Refolution of Equations Page
328
All Problems concerning the Length of Curves the Quantity
335
The Definition and fundamental Property of the logiſtical or logarith mical Curve Art
337
To find thofe Curves which can be fquared Art 56
342
Different Expreffions of the Ratios of which hyperbolical Sectors
344
The Modulus of the common Syſtem of Logarithms called Briggss
349
How any hyperbolical Spaces may be found by Means of a logarithmi
355
The Foundation of the Method of Exhauſtions laid down by Euclid
357
Elliptical Sectors one Syftem of Meaſures of Angles Art
361
The Connection betwixt Sir Ifaac Newtons Method of expreffing Flu
372
with a Rule for determin
375
The Foundation of the Agreement betwixt the differential Method
383
SECT XI
387
The Principle upon which the finding the Fluents from the Fluxions
390
To find fuch a Part of a ſpherical Superficies as can be illuminated
398
with Examples in geometri
406
To find as many Curves as you pleaſe whofe Lengths are equal
415
For finding the firft Terms of converging Seriess to be
423
By which the firft Terms of all the converging Seriess
424
by Means
431
Prob To find the Contents of Solids generated by the Revolution of Plane
432
Prob To find whether the Exponents of the Powers of x in the Terms
442
The Method of Exhauſtions made Ufe of by Euclid and Archimedes
447
The Refolution of Equations by infinite Series includes virtually in
454
What to be done when the Root of the fictitious Equation by Means
461
General Scholium by way of Conclufion to the whole Page
478
with the
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Page 288 - When a ray of light passes from one medium to another, it is refracted so that the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is equal to the ratio of the velocities in the two media.
Page viii - Just so it is in the mind ; would you have a man reason well, you must use him to it betimes, exercise his mind in observing the connection of ideas, and following them in train. Nothing does this better than mathematics, which therefore I think should be taught all those who have the time and opportunity, not so much to make them mathematicians, as to make them reasonable creatures...
Page viii - I have mentioned mathematics as a way to settle in the mind a habit of reasoning closely and in train; not that I think it necessary that all men should be deep mathematicians, but that, having got the way of reasoning, which that study necessarily brings the mind to, they might be able to transfer it to other parts of knowledge, as they shall have occasion.
Page 34 - I. The length of the space describ'd being continually (that is, at all times) given; to find the velocity of the motion at any time propos'd.
Page 347 - ... ratio between two whole numbers the impossibility of the problem of rectification is not inferable. The quadrature of the circle stands and falls with the problem of rectification. This is based upon the truth above mentioned, that a circle is equal in area to a right-angled triangle, in which one side is equal to the radius of the circle and the other to the circumference. Supposing, accordingly, that the circumference of the circle were rectified, then we could construct this triangle. But...
Page 306 - COROLLARY. The measure of the surface of a spherical triangle is the difference between the sum of its three angles and two right angles. For if s =-J- of the surface of the sphere, 180°xm=s X(A + B + C— 180°).
Page viii - Reafoning, which that ftudy neceffarily brings the Mind to, they might be able to transfer it to other parts of Knowledge as they fhall have occafion. For in all forts of Reafoning, every fmgle Argument mould be managed as a Mathematical Demonftration, the Connection and dependence of Ideas...
Page 2 - AB, the ordinate BC and the curve line ACc ; and the sides of the triangle CET...
Page viii - ... times, exercife his mind in obferving the connection of ideas, and follow them in train. Nothing does this better than mathematics, which therefore, I think, fhould be taught all thofe who have the time and opportunity, not fo much to make them mathematicians, as to make them reafonable creatures...
Page 312 - As for example, The right cone is generated by the revolution of a right-angled triangle round one of the sides which contain the right angle.

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