Mapping and the Citizen SensorGiles Foody, Linda See, Steffen Fritz, Peter Mooney, Ana-Maria Olteanu-Raimond, Cidália Costa Fonte, Vyron Antoniou Maps are a fundamental resource in a diverse array of applications ranging from everyday activities, such as route planning through the legal demarcation of space to scientific studies, such as those seeking to understand biodiversity and inform the design of nature reserves for species conservation. For a map to have value, it should provide an accurate and timely representation of the phenomenon depicted and this can be a challenge in a dynamic world. Fortunately, mapping activities have benefitted greatly from recent advances in geoinformation technologies. Satellite remote sensing, for example, now offers unparalleled data acquisition and authoritative mapping agencies have developed systems for the routine production of maps in accordance with strict standards. Until recently, much mapping activity was in the exclusive realm of authoritative agencies but technological development has also allowed the rise of the amateur mapping community. The proliferation of inexpensive and highly mobile and location aware devices together with Web 2.0 technology have fostered the emergence of the citizen as a source of data. Mapping presently benefits from vast amounts of spatial data as well as people able to provide observations of geographic phenomena, which can inform map production, revision and evaluation. The great potential of these developments is, however, often limited by concerns. The latter span issues from the nature of the citizens through the way data are collected and shared to the quality and trustworthiness of the data. This book reports on some of the key issues connected with the use of citizen sensors in mapping. It arises from a European Co-operation in Science and Technology (COST) Action, which explored issues linked to topics ranging from citizen motivation, data acquisition, data quality and the use of citizen derived data in the production of maps that rival, and sometimes surpass, maps arising from authoritative agencies. |
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activities application C C and Antoniou cartographic chapter citizen science Citizen Sensor contributions contributors cover maps crowdsourced crowdsourced geographic data collection data quality database developed Digital Earth environment environmental Estima European European Commission evaluation example Flickr Fonte Foody framework Fritz generalisation Geodesign Geographic Information Science Geographic Information VGI Geoinformation GeoJournal geospatial geotagged geotagged photographs global Goodchild Google Haklay https://doi initiatives integration ISPRS issues Jokar Arsanjani land cover Last accessed 16 MacEachren metadata Minghini mobile Mooney motivation National Mapping Agencies NMAs Olteanu-Raimond OpenStreetMap OSM data Painho participation planning platform potential protocol quality assessment SDIs Skopeliti Smart Cities smartphones SMGI social media sources Spatial Information specific Springer International Publishing tags thematic tion Touya Transactions in GIS types Ubiquity Press updated urban users VGI projects VGI quality visualisation visual Volunteered Geographic Information Zipf