Neuroactive metabolites of ethanol: a behavioral and neurochemical synopsisMerce Correa, John D Salamone, Elio Acquas Ethanol is a very elusive drug, which has mechanisms of action that are diverse and relatively non-selective. Moreover, ethanol has been demonstrated to be a biologically active substance by itself, but also a pro-drug of the neuroactive metabolites, acetaldehyde and acetate. Acetaldehyde has traditionally been known as a toxic substance with several effects on multiple systems. However, in the last few decades evidence has accumulated to reveal the specific and, in some instances, distinct neural actions of acetaldehyde and acetate that are in part responsible for some of the observed psychoactive effects of ethanol. |
Contents
decades in the making | 5 |
Behavioral and biochemical evidence of the role of acetaldehyde in the motivational effects of ethanol | 7 |
pleasure and pain of alcohol mechanism of action | 14 |
Gene specific modifications unravel ethanol and acetaldehyde actions | 20 |
cFos immunoreactivity in prefrontal basal ganglia and limbic areas of the rat brain after central and peripheral administration of ethanol and its metab... | 28 |
Acetaldehydeethanol interactions on calciumactivated potassium BK channels in pituitary tumor GH3 cells | 39 |
Salsolinol modulation of dopamine neurons | 48 |
new insights | 55 |
the role of acetaldehyde | 70 |
insight into AM281 administration on operantconflict paradigm in rats | 80 |
studies of locomotion loss of righting reflex and anxiety in rodents | 89 |
Acetaldehyde reinforcement and motor reactivity in newborns with or without a prenatal history of alcohol exposure | 99 |
Acetaldehyde involvement in ethanols postabsortive effects during early ontogeny | 109 |
Acetaldehyde mediates the ethanol effects in developing brain | 117 |
role of CYP450 2E1 | 119 |
the role of active metabolites of alcohol | 57 |