Carbon Black, Titanium Dioxide, and TalcThis volume of the IARC Monographs provides a reassessment of the carcinogenicity of carbon black, titanium dioxide, and talc. All of these agents are poorly soluble particles that are weakly toxic, and were chosen for assessment because evidence suggests that they cause cancer in the respiratory tract of rats through mechanisms similar to those that are operative in people who work in dusty environments (eg. coal mines). An IARC Monographs Working Group reviewed epidemiological evidence, animal bioassays, and mechanistic and other relevant data to reach conclusions as to the carcinogenic hazard of these particles upon inhalation by humans. |
Contents
NOTE TO THE READER | 6 |
A GENERAL PRINCIPLES AND PROCEDURES | 9 |
B SCIENTIFIC REVIEW AND EVALUATION | 15 |
Copyright | |
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aerosol agent analysis anatase anthophyllite asbestos associated ASTM International benzo[a]pyrene carbon black carbon black particles carcinogenicity case-control study Chemical clearance cohort concentration contd controls death deposition diameter diesel exhaust particles dose duration effects epithelial cells evaluation experimental animals Exposure assessment exposure to carbon exposure to talc exposure to titanium factors female furnace black Group noted hamsters humans IARC incidence included increased industry inflammation inhalable dust intratracheal lung burden lung cancer lung tumours m²/g macrophages male mg/m³ mice miners MMAD Monographs mortality observed occupational exposure odds ratio ovarian cancer pages Volume PAHs perineal phagocytosis pigment pleurodesis pneumoconiosis potential primary particles production pulmonary quartz reported respirable dust respiratory tract retention risk for ovarian rubber rutile samples silica smoking surface area Table talc TiO2 titanium dioxide tobacco smoking toxicity Toxicol tremolite tubal ligation ultrafine carbon black ultrafine particles vitro Wistar rats workers