The regulation of angiogenesis by tissue cell-macrophage interactionsMichal Amit Rahat, Bernhard Hemmerlein, Vijaya Iragavarapu-Charyulu Angiogenesis is the physiological process where new blood vessels grow from existing ones, in order to replenish tissues suffering from inadequate blood supply. Perhaps the most studied angiogenic process occurs in solid tumors whose growing mass and expanding cells create a constant demand for additional supply of oxygen and nutrients for survival. However, other physiological and clinical conditions, such as wound healing, ischemic events, autoimmune and age-related diseases also involve angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is a well-structured process that begins when oxygen and nutrients are depleted, leading to the release of chemokines and growth factors that attract immune cells, particularly macrophages and endothelial cells to the site. Macrophages that are recruited to the site, as well as tissue cells and endothelial cells, secrete pro-angiogenic mediators that affect endothelial cells and promote angiogenesis. These mediators include growth factors such as vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), as well as low levels of mediators that are usually seen as pro-inflammatory but are pro-angiogenic when secreted in low levels (e.g. nitric oxide (NO) and TNFa). Thus, macrophages play a major role in angiogenesis. |
Contents
The regulation of angiogenesis by tissue cellmacrophage interactions | 5 |
YKL40 acts as an angiogenic factor to promote tumor angiogenesis | 7 |
Exploring the role of CHI3L1 in premetastatic lungs of mammary tumorbearing mice | 16 |
Macrophages and chemokines as mediators of angiogenesis | 29 |
Macrophagetumor cell interactions regulate the function of nitric oxide | 37 |
The role IL1 in tumormediated angiogenesis | 52 |
Role of tumor associated macrophages in tumor angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis | 63 |
Semaphorin7A promotes tumor growth and exerts a proangiogenic effect in macrophages of mammary tumorbearing mice | 76 |
Tumor cellmacrophage interactions increase angiogenesis through secretion of EMMPRIN | 89 |
role of tumorassociated macrophages in vascular recovery | 105 |