A Dictionary of Chemistry: Containing the Theory and Practice of that Science: Its Application to Natural Philosophy, Natural History, Medicine, and Animal Economy, Volume 3T. Cadell, 1777 - Chemistry |
Common terms and phrases
abforbed alfo almoſt alſo antimony arfenic bafis becauſe bodies borax calcareous calcareous earth calcination calx capable caufe caufticity chemifts color combined combuftion common falt compound confequently confiderable confifts contained copper corrofive cream of tartar cryftals cupellation decompofed decompofition difengaged diffolved diftillation eafily effential elaftic evaporation experiments expofed faid faline faline matter fame faturated fcoria feems fenfible feparated fermentation feveral fhall fhew filver fimilar fire firft fixed alkali fluid fmall foap foluble folution fome formed fpirit of wine ftate ftones fubftances fubject fublimate fuch fufficient fufible fufion fulphur furnace gafes glafs heat inflammable iron Laftly lefs liquor marine acid mercury metallic mineral mixture moft moſt muſt neceffary neutral falts nitre nitrous acid obferved obtained occafion ounce phlogifton precipitate principle properties pure purpoſe pyrites quantity quicklime reafon ſtate ſubſtances tartar thefe theſe thofe thoſe uſed veffels vegetable vinegar vitrifiable vitriolic acid volatile alkali zinc
Popular passages
Page 124 - ... the total destruction and putrefaction of the wine. Oxides of lead, having the property of forming with the acid...
Page 11 - Fixed alkalis are much difpofed to unite with oils that are not volatile, both vegetable and animal, fince this union can be made even without heat. The compound refulting from this union partakes at the fame time of the properties of oil and of alkali ; but thefe properties are modified and tempered by each other, according to the general rule of combinations. Alkali formed into foap has not nearly the fame acrimony as when it is pure ; it is even deprived of almoft all its caufticity, and its other...
Page 14 - ... or by the addition of clean iron, upon the furface of which the copper is precipitated in its natural or metallic ftate. Glauber's fait is difcovered by adding a folution of mercury in nitrous acid, and forming with it a turbith mineral j or by cryftallization.
Page 146 - Inches diftant from each other, to faften the Lute with which the Furnace is to be covered over within. 8. Let then an iron, moveable, hollow, quadrangular Pyramid (q) three Inches high, be adapted to the upper Aperture (d) of the Furnace at the Bafis feven Inches broad, ending upwards in a hollow Tube (r) three Inches in Diameter, two Inches high, almoft cylindrical, though fomewhat convergent at Top.
Page 14 - ... wax falls. As the surface of this cylinder is always moistened with water, the wax falling upon it does not adhere to it, but quickly becomes solid and flat, and acquires the form of ribands. The continual rotation of the cylinder carries off these ribands as fast as they are formed, and distributes them through the tub. When all the wax that is to be whitened is thus formed, it is to be put upon large frames, covered with linen cloth, which are supported, about a foot and a half above the ground,...
Page 11 - Good foap of this kind ought to be firm, and very white when cold ; not fubjeft to become moid by expofure to air, and entirely mifcible with pure water, to which it communicates a milky appearance, but without any drops of oil floating on the furface. When the foap has not thefe qualities, the combination has not been well made, or the quantity of fait or of oil is too...
Page 128 - They are beaten with wooden mallets, on a brick or stone floor, into a gross powder, which is heaped up in the middle of the room to the height of four feet, a space being left for passing round the sides. The powder, moistened with water, ferments, grows hot, and throws out a thick fetid fume. It is shovelled backwards and forwards, and moistened every day for twelve days, after which it is stirred less frequently, without watering, and, at length, made...
Page 11 - Borda, in the Memoirs of the Academy of Sciences of Paris for the year 1769, has treated this question with his usual elegance and ingenuity.
Page 11 - A part of this lixivium is to be even diluted and mixed with an equal weight of oil of olives. The mixture is to be put on a gentle fire, and agitated, that the union may be accelerated. When the mixture begins to unite well, the reft of the lixivium is to be added to it ; and the whole is to be digeftcd with a very gentle heat, till the foap be completely made.
Page 128 - ... After lying for fifteen days, the heaps are opened, the crust rubbed, and mixed with the inside, and the matter formed into oval balls, which are pressed close and solid in wooden moulds. These are dried upon hurdles. In the sun they turn black on the outside, in a close place yellowish, especially if the weather be rainy.