Pesticidal Plants: From Smallholder Use to CommercialisationPhilip C. Stevenson, Steven R. Belmain, Murray B. Isman The global biodiversity and climate emergencies demand transformative changes to human activities. For example, food production relies on synthetic, industrial and non-sustainable products for managing pests, weeds and diseases of crops. Sustainable farming requires approaches to managing these agricultural constraints that are more environmentally benign and work with rather than against nature. Increasing pressure on synthetic products has reinvigorated efforts to identify alternative pest management options, including plant-based solutions that are environmentally benign and can be tailored to different farmers’ needs, from commercial to small holder and subsistence farming. Botanical insecticides and pesticidal plants can offer a novel, effective and more sustainable alternative to synthetic products for controlling pests, diseases and weeds. This Special Issue reviews and reports the latest developments in plant-based pesticides from identification of bioactive plant chemicals, mechanisms of activity and validation of their use in horticulture and disease vector control. Other work reports applications in rice weeds, combination biopesticides and how chemistry varies spatially and influences the effectiveness of botanicals in different locations. Three reviews assess wider questions around the potential of plant-based pest management to address the global challenges of new, invasive and established crop pests and as-yet underexploited pesticidal plants. |
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acaricidal acid activity adults Africa agriculture analysis antifeedant aphid application authors azadirachtin bean Belmain bioactive bioassay biological botanical caused chemical chemotype collected combination common compared compounds concentration containing crop CrossRef determine discs E)-anethole effects efficacy eggs Entomol essential oil evaluated experiment farmers feeding females field Figure fruit germination growth identified increased indicated individual insect insecticides isolated larvae leaf leaves Lepidoptera maize materials mean Melia method mite mixture mortality multiflorum natural neem observed obtained oryzoides pest pest management pesticidal plants plant extracts plant species potential prepared presented properties PubMed pupae pyrethrum reduced repellent reported resistance respectively root samples seed showed significant soil species Spodoptera frugiperda spray Stevenson sustainable synthetic Table tested Tetranychus urticae toxicity treatment urticae Koch values vogelii volkensii weed yield