Forests, Carbon Cycle and Climate ChangeDenis Loustau Situated at the confluence of four climatic zones, oceanic, continental, Mediterranean and montane, metropolitan France includes the northern, southern or altitudinal margins of a large number of tree and pathogen species. French forests therefore offer a diversity of species and management options representative of temperate and Mediterranean European forests. This context is unique for analysing and simulating the effects of climate change on forests at the regional and subregional scales. The results presented in this book summarize the main findings of the Carbofor project, which brought together 52 scientists from 14 research units (INRA, CNRS, CEA, Météo-France, Universities of Paris-Sud and Orléans, IFN, CIRAD) to investigate the effects of future climate on the carbon cycle and the productivity and vulnerability of French forests. Forests, Carbon Cycle and Climate Change explains the current forest carbon cycle in temperate and Mediterranean climates, including the dynamics of soil carbon and the total carbon stock of French forests, based on forest inventories. It reviews and illustrates the main ground-based methods for estimating carbon stocks in tree biomass. Spatial variations in projected climate change over metropolitan France throughout the 21st century are described. The book then goes on to consider the impacts of climate change on tree phenology and forest carbon balance, evapotranspiration and production as well as their first order interaction with forest management alternatives. The impact of climate change on forest vulnerability is analysed and shows how the climate envelopes and geographical distribution of France's main tree species will be affected by climate change. A similar simulation study was carried put for a range of pathogenic fungi, emphasizing the importance of both warming and precipitation changes ... |
Contents
Executive summary | 11 |
generalities definitions and scales | 19 |
Environmental control of carbon fluxes in forest | 27 |
Dynamics of soil carbon and moder horizons related | 55 |
Possible future climates in France | 133 |
Forest tree phenology and climate change | 145 |
Forest tree phenology in the French Permanent Plot | 157 |
Modelling tools for predicting the carbon cycle | 173 |
How will the production of French forests respond | 201 |
Simulating the effects of climate change on geographical | 253 |
Abbreviations | 303 |
Other editions - View all
Common terms and phrases
allometric equations analysis annual atmosphere average AWBG beech biomass boreal branch expansion factor Bray broadleaved species budburst calculated canopy carbon balance carbon cycle carbon fluxes carbon stock CASTANEA Ciais cinnamomi climate change climatic variables CO₂ coefficient database decrease Déqué disease Dufrêne dynamics ecosystem effects estimates Fagus sylvatica Figure fire forest biomass forest carbon forest ecosystems Forest Science forestière Fougères France French forests Global Change Biology Granier growing season growth Hesse horizons impact increase INRA inter-annual inventories Journal leaf area index leaf unfolding Loustau maritime pine mean measurements Mediterranean Météo-France nitrogen observed ORCHIDEE parameters parasite pathogen period phenology photosynthesis Phytophthora cinnamomi Pinus pinaster plant potential precipitation predicted primary production Puéchabon Quercus regions Research respiration response root sample Scots pine simulations soil water spatial stands Table temperate temperature tree species uncertainty values variation vegetation Villenave-d'Ornon volume wood